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| Tern used by William James to describe the mind as a continuous flow of changing sensations, images, thoughts, and feelings. |
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| An individuals awareness of external events and internal sensations under a condition of arousal, including awareness of the self and thoughts about one's experience. |
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| awareness of the self and thoughts about on'es experiences. |
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| the physiological state of being engaged with the environment. |
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| The most alert states of human consciousness, during which individuals actively focus their efforts toward a goal. |
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| States of consciousness that require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities. |
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| subconscious processing that leads to a solution to a problem after a break from conscious thought about the problem. |
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| According to Freud, a reservoir of unacceptabe wishes, feelings, and thoughts that are beyond conscious awareness; Freud's interpretation viewed the unconscious as a storehouse for vile thoughts. |
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| A natural state of rest for the body and mind that involves the reversible loss of consciousness. |
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| Periodic physiological fluctuations in the body, such as the rise and fall of hormones and accelerated and decelerated cycles of brain activity, that can influence behavior. |
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| Daily behavioral or physiological cycles. Daily circadian rhythms involve the sleep/wake cycle, body temperature, blood pressure, and blood sugar level. |
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| A small brain structure that uses input from the retina to synchronize its own rhythm with the daily cycle of light and dark; the mechanism by which the body monitors the chance from day to night. |
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| Frightening dream that awakens a dreamer from REM sleep. |
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| sudden arousal from sleep and intense fear. |
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| overpowering urge to sleep |
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| sleep disorder in which individuals stop breathing because the windpipe fails to open or because brain processes involved in respiration fail to work properly. |
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| Sudden Infant Death Syndrome |
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| death of infant while sleeping under 1 year old. |
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| dreams surface content, which contains dream symbols that disguise the dream's true meaning. |
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| Dreams hidden content, its unconscious--and true--meaning? |
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| Cognitive Theory of Dreaming |
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| Theory proposing that we can understand dreaming by applying the same cognitive concepts we use in studying the waking mind; rests on the idea that dreams are essentially subconscious cognitive processing involving information and memory. |
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| Activation-synthesis of Dreaming |
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| Theory that dreaming occurs when the cerebral cortex synthesizes neural signals generated from activity in the lower part of the brain and that dreams result from the brain's attempts to find logic in random brain activity that occurs during sleep. |
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| Drugs that act on the nervous system to alter consciousness, modify perception, and change mood. |
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| The need to take increasing amounts of a drug to get the same effect. |
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| The physiological need for a drug that causes unpleasant withdrawal symptoms such as physical pain and a craving for the drug when it is discontinued. |
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| Psychological Independence |
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| The strong desire to repeat the use of a drug for emotional reasons, such as a feeling of well-being and reduction of stress. |
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| Either a physical or a psychological dependence, or both, on a drug. |
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| Psychoactive drugs that slow down mental and physical activity. |
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| A disorder that involves long-term, repeated, uncontrolled, compulsive, and excessive use of alcoholic beverages and that impairs the drinker's health and social relationships. |
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| Depressant drugs, such as Nembutal and Seconal, that decrease central nervous system activity. |
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| Depressant Drugs, such as Valium and Xanax, that reduce anxiety and induce relaxation. |
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| Opium and its derivatives, narcotic drugs that depress activity in the central nervous system and eliminate pain. |
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| Psychoactive drugs that increase the central nervous system's activity. The most widely used stimulants are caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine. |
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| Also called psychedelics, psychoactive drugs that modify a person's perceptual experiences and produce visual images that are not real. |
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| An altered state of consciousness or a psychological state of altered attention and expectation in which the individual is unusually receptive to suggestions. |
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| Divided Consciousness View Of Hypnosis |
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| Hilgard's view that hypnosis involves a splitting of consciousness into two separate components, one of which follows the hypnotist's commands and the other of which acts as a "hidden observer". |
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| Social Cognitive Behavior View of Hypnosis |
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| Theory that hypnosis is a normal state in which the hypnotized person behaves the way he or she believes that a hypnotized person should behave. |
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