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| traced the activities of several generations of families believed to have an especially large number of criminal members |
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| somatotype school: who developed it? what is it? |
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| William Sheldon; criminals manifest distinct physiques that make them susceptible to particular types of delinquent behavior. |
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| well developed muscles and an athletic appearance; activfe aggressive; sometimes violent; mostlikely to become criminals |
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| helavey builds slow moving; lethargic behavior; unlikely to commit violent crime and willing to engage in less strenuous criminal activities. |
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| tall thin and less social and more intellectual than other types |
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| The work of Lombroso is considered today as historical curiosity or scientific fact? |
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| Wrote "Sociobiology" and stressed that biological and genetic conditions affect how social behaviors are learned and perceived |
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| coming to the aid of others with motivations by the belief that their actions will be reciprocated and that their gene survival capability will enhance. |
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| focus on basic human behavior and drives; both personal traits and environmental factors; not concerned with legal definitions of crime |
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| Disadvantaged inner-city areas have relatively few kids who become delinquents and even fewer mature into adult criminals. T or F |
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| not all humans are born with equal potential to learn and achieve. |
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| What do trait theorists think chronic offenders suffer from? |
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| biological/psychological condition or trait that renders them incapable of resisting social pressures and problems |
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| learning can take place only when physical changes occur in the brain according to what theorists? |
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| Biosocial trait theorists |
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| Instinct; chemical and mineral, diet, sugar intake and hormonal influences are a part of what theory? |
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| Diets high in sugar and carbohydrates have been linked to aggression and violence. T or F |
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| Wrote Moral Sense and concluded that hormones, enzymes and neurotransmitters may be the key to understanding human behavior. |
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| Hypoglycemia has been linked to antisocial behavior and violence. True or False |
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| the part of the brain that controls sympathetic feelings toward others; androgens are here. |
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| neocortex left hemisphere |
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| how do hormones affect behavior |
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| seek greater levels of environmental stimulation; tolerate more punishment; increasing impulsivity; emotional volatility and antisocial emotions. |
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| First popularized link between aggressive behavior and pms |
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| EEG measures in hertz the activity of what part of the brain? |
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| lack of attention; impulsivity and hyperactivity |
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| 3 percent of us children have it. mostly boys. most common reason chldren are referred to mental health clinics. Marked by poor school work etc.. |
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| Abnormal levels of these 5 neurotransmitters is linked to aggression. |
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| dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, monoamine oxidase and GABA |
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| prenatal exposure to androgens will result in what ? |
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| brain structure that is less sensitive to environmental imputs; takes more to thrill |
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| Antipsychotics like Haldol, Stelazine, Prolixin and Risperdal help control levels of neurotransmitters to reduce violence. these are called |
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| Chemical restraints or chemical straitjackets |
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| Arousal Theory; what is it? who's is it? |
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| Some people are built differently and brain needs more thrill for arousal; Jack Katz |
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| The Richard Speck case brought researchers' attention to looking for what basis of crime? |
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| Factors other than genetic to prove sibling behavior similarity |
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| 1. similar socila and economic factors at home; 2. shared interests; 3. imitate older sibling; 4. deviant forces other to commit acts; 5. may develop similar types of friends |
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| Genetic predispositions and early experiences make some people susceptible to deviant behavior which is transmitted by the presence of antisocial siblings |
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| "Race, Evolution and Behavior"; modern humans migrated from africa to europe and asia. bigger brains less sex drive. Name this theory |
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| Rushtons theory of Race and Evolution |
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| Rushton's singular focus was on what? Critics got him for this |
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| reproductive drives on continuum; R reproduce rapidly; K slowler; men R women K. Name this theory |
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| Genes that incline ppl toward extremely low parental involvement.men use stealth to gain sexual enterance. |
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| warned that attractive young dumb girls like cheater-type males. these will breed more cheater-type males who are antisocial and sexually aggressive. |
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major promis is that crime is a funcion of diet, vitamin intake, hormonal imbalance or food allergies.
strengthsexplain irrational violence. shows how the environment interacts with personal traits to influence behavior |
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| social learning 4 factors contribute to violent and/or aggressive behavior |
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| event that heightens arousal; aggressive skills; expected outcomes; consistency of behaveior with values. |
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| What 4 things do "scripts" teach children? |
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| how to interpret; what to expect; how they should react and what the outcome of the interaction should be |
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