Term
| What were the results of the stanford prison experiment? |
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Definition
| Experiment ended in 6 Days. Prisoners suffered from mental break-downs, guards took their duties to the extreme. |
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Term
| What are three factors important to person perception? |
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Definition
Physical Appearance(what someone looks like)
Social Schema( general knowledge)
stereotypes (gender, race, etc) |
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Term
| What is the self-fulfilling prophecy? |
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Definition
| your expectations that cause you to behave an expected way |
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Term
| What are three examples of studies that illustrate the effects of SFP? |
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Definition
Telephone Study
Intellectual Bloomer Study
Littering Study |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is an external attribution? |
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Definition
attributions to the situation
High in Consistency(changes when casual event is present)
Distinctiveness(does change when casual event is not present)
Consensus(does casual event cause same reaction in others?) |
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Term
| What is an Internal Attribution? |
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Definition
attributions to the person
High Consistency (changes when casual event is present)
Low Distinctiveness and Consensus
(does not cause same reaction, does not change when casual event is not present) |
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Term
| What is the fundamental Attribution Error? |
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Definition
| tendency to overestimate the influence of internal personal factors and underestimate the role of situational factors (she tripped because she was clumsy, not because there was a bananna peel on the ground) |
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Term
| What is the self serving bias? |
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Definition
tendency to attribute own failure to external causes, and others failures to internal causes
(I got a D on the exam because the teacher did not do a good job, mary got a D because she doesnt study) |
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Term
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Definition
| positive or negative evalutations or beliefs that may affect behavior |
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Term
| What is the boring tastk study? |
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Definition
Boring Task Study
Participant completed boring task
Asked to tell next participant that
experiment was fun Paid either $1 or $20
Participant rates experiment
$1 participant rated exp. more fun |
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Term
| What was the Product Rating Study? |
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Definition
Product Rating Study
Women rated different products
Picked one of two closely rated ones
Re- rated products
Chosen product re-rated higher |
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Term
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Definition
Women initiated into group discussing sex
Initiation mild or severe
Sex discussion boring
n Severe initiates rated group higher
than mild initiates |
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Term
| How do attitudes and behavior interact?(Name two ways) |
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Definition
Cognitive Dissonance: tension when attitude and behavior doesnt match. To reduce tenstion, change attitude or behavior.
Self Perception Theory: infer own beliefs by infering owns behavior |
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Term
| What is social influence? |
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Definition
| the study of how the thoughts and feelings are affected by the presence of others |
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Term
| What is Social Facilitation? |
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Definition
| enhancement of performance when watched by others |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency to put out less effort when working in a group |
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Term
| What is social intereference? |
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Definition
| impairment of ones performance when others are watching |
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Term
| What is Bystander effect? |
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Definition
| reluctance to aid someone when others are present |
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Term
| What are three conditions necessary for bystander intervention? |
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Definition
Have to notice incident
Interpret as emergency
assume responsibility |
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Term
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Definition
| depersonalization resulting from being in a group, increases chances of destructive behavior |
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Term
| What is group polarization? |
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Definition
| when dominant p.o.v. becomes more extreme |
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Term
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Definition
| when the group encourages consensus, suppressing dissent |
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Term
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Definition
| when someone adjusts behavior to coincide with what the group is doing |
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Term
| What was Asch's Experiment |
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Definition
| Match Target line to 1 to 3...to see if people would change their answers according to what the others in the group did |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of compliance when responding to orders or authority figures |
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Term
| What was Milgrams experiment? |
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Definition
Milgram told people they were doing a study on learning. When the learner answered incorrectly the teacher was supposed to "shock" them.
Most people obeyed because they did not feel responsible, and were listening to authority figure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Characteristics that make us different or cause us to act consistently across situations |
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Term
| What is the person-situation debate? |
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Definition
Trait(person) says that behavior is a function of internal traits
Situationism: behavior is mostly a function of situation |
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Term
| What is the trait personality theory? |
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Definition
| How people differ or act consistently across situations |
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Term
| What are the BIG FIVE traits? |
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Definition
Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreableness
Neuroticism |
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Term
| What is an objective test? |
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Definition
| structured, few possible responses, purpose is clear, objectively scored |
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Term
| What is a subjective test? |
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Definition
| Unstructured, many asnwers, purpose unclear |
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Term
| What are the problems with trait theory? |
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Definition
Theory is based on self report
Answers "how much" now "how," or "why" |
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Term
| What is the problem with trait assessment? |
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Definition
people might answer questions to look good
personality might be consistent, but behavior is not |
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Term
| What is psychodynamic personality theory? |
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Definition
Freud
Behavior is governed by unconcious influences |
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Term
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Definition
| contents of awareness, those things that occupy the focus of ones current attention |
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Term
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Definition
| the part of the mind that contains all of the inactive but potentially accessible thoughts and memories |
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Term
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Definition
| The part of the mind that Freud believes houses all the memories, urges, and conflicts that are truly beyond awareness |
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Term
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Definition
| primitive unconscious part of personality governed mostly by sexual and aggressive drives(pleasure principle or immediate gratification) |
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Term
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Definition
uses reason and deliberation in deciding action
Reality principle, monitors real world, listens to ID and Superego |
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Term
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Definition
Internalization of societies values, standards and morals
Idealistic Principle:always act in proper ideal fashion as dictated by culture |
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Term
| What is psychodynamic therapy? |
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Definition
| to solve personality problems, people must solve their inner conflicts |
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Term
| What are three techniques uesd by psychodynamic therapists? |
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Definition
Free Association (free expression of thought and feeling)
Slips of tongue ( speech errors reflect thoughts not intended to be expressed)
Dream Analysis |
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