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| Who is most closely associated with classical conditioning? |
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| Learning that is an involuntary response that is strengthened or weakened depending on its favorable or unfavorable consequence is most closely associated with |
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| an aptitude test measures |
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Definition
| ability and predicted success in an area of interest |
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| a researcher stops people at the mall and asks them questions about their attitudes toward gun control. which research technique is this? |
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| which research method involves watching behaviors as they occur, without intervening or altering the behaviors in any way? |
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| which of these is the best example of premack principle? |
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Definition
| first you complete your homework then you can play |
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Term
| learning a pattern of a phone number is descriptive of |
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Term
| what is a representative sample |
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Definition
| a sample selected to reflect the characteristics of a population of interest |
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Term
| joe and cara are agents for a complaney that owns apartment buildings. joe gets a commission each time he rents three aparatments. cara recieves a salary each week regardless of the number of apartments she rents. joe is on a _____ schedule and cara is on a ______ schedule of reinforcment. |
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Definition
| fixed ratio, fixed-interval |
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Term
| which memory system provides a very brief image of all the stimuli present at a particular moment? |
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Term
| the personal sense of belonging, belief of having influence on anothers conduct or emotional state and a conviction that your very prescence affects the outcomes of the lives of others whether in a family, community or organization in scientitifically being researched and it called |
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| what name was given to John B Watson's approach to psychology |
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| the psychological concept defined as indiciduals ability to handle stress properly adjust to new and difficult situations, while maintaining or strengthening their ability to compensate for disappointment and keep positive outlook for the future is best described as |
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Term
| what is an event of stimulus that makes the behavior it follows more likely to occur? |
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| a person who has lived all her life in new york city would probably find life in the country _____, according to the ____ theory of motivation |
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Term
| which group of correlation coefficents is presented from the highest in magnititude to the lowest in magnititude |
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Term
| what type of stimuli did hermann ebbinghaus use in his memory research? |
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| hermann ebbinghaus found that memory is best immeditaley after we learn information, and we gradually forget more as time passes. what name is given to this observation? |
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Definition
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Term
| which is the correct sequence of events in classical conditioning? |
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Definition
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Term
| which schedule of reinforcment depends on the number of response the organism makes? |
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Definition
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Term
| what do we call the variable an experimenter maniulates in order to determine its effects in an experiment? |
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Term
| an individuals tendecy to maintain internal stability or comfort levels is called |
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Term
| which situation best illustrates the placebo effect? |
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Definition
| you drink a nonalcoholic drink and become intoxicated because you think it contains alcohol |
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Term
| what was the unconditioned stimulus in the case of little albert? |
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Term
| at a resturant you order the following items: you favorite dish and your favorite appetizer. later you become nauseated. what is likely to happen in the future as a result of this experience? |
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Definition
| you will not assocaited nausea with either of these items |
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Term
| what process is exhibited by an animal that learns to respond differently to two different stimuli |
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Definition
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Term
| which example represents a positive correlation |
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Definition
| the more days you miss the more points you lose |
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Term
| when you were first learning to make your bed your parents told you you did a good job when you got the bedspread pulled up, even though the bed was still messy. for the next week they showed you how to make it a bit neater each time the bed was made. what operant conditioning prodecdure did your parents use? |
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Term
| drives serve to activate responses that are aimed at reducing the drive, thereby returning the body to a more normal state called |
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Term
| how long does information remain in short term memory? |
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Term
| according to abraham maslow developing one's full potential to its fullest extent results in |
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Term
| a researcher is investigating the effects of meditation on stress levels. identify the independent and dependent variables in this experiment |
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Definition
| the independent variable is amount of stress and the dependent is meditation |
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Term
| which memory storage system seems to last indefinitley |
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Term
| a child learning to recite the alphabet is an example of |
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Term
| when ivan pavlov presented meat powser, the dog salivated. the meat powder was the _____ and salivatoin was the _______ |
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Term
| according to abraham maslows hierarchy, which needs must be met first? |
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Term
| a grandmother gives her grandchild a cookie because the child cleaned her room. what is the cookie in the example? |
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| a clincical psychologist wants to understand the behavior of hyperactive children. he decided to focus on jenny, a six year old who has shown signs of hyperactivity. which research method is the psychologist using? |
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Definition
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Term
| testing that is not sensitive to cultural differences found in those being studied are considered to be |
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Definition
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Term
| if you recieve reinforcment based on the number of responses you make, but the number of required responses changes each time, your behavior is reinforced on a ____ schedule |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the system or process by which the products or results of learning are stored for future use? |
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Term
| noam chornsky and other linguists that believe that the desire to communicate is innate are described as |
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Definition
| nativist learning theorists |
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Term
| according to garnders theory of multiple intelligence, and individual that excels at understanding their own eomotions has a high |
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Definition
| intrapersonal intelligence |
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Term
| learning to connect the color red with the verbal label is an example of |
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Definition
| paired associate learning |
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Term
| which term best describes a relatively permanent change in behavior or the potential to make a response that occurs as a result of experience? |
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Definition
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Term
| in which type of conditioning is the learners behavior important in bringing about the learning? |
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Definition
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Term
| mary was bitten by a dog, now she fears the dog that bit her as well as other dogs. what aspect of classical conditioning is illustrated in what happened to mary? |
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Definition
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Term
| ginny has become fearful of snakes when she was bitten as a girl. however she has been around a number of snakes since then and no longer fears them, what classical conditioning process appears to be at work? |
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Definition
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Term
| which of these is the best analogy for the process of chunking? |
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Definition
| memorizing a telephone number |
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Term
| the ability to apply thought concepts in understanding the real world utilizing skills and resources and properly employing action within the environment describes |
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Term
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Definition
| vygotsky's view of the cognitive growth in an individuals experience |
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Term
| when ainsworth studied attachment behavior in babies, how did she find securely attached babies acted in strange situations? |
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Definition
| the were panic stricken if mother left |
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Term
| one of the purposes of the creatoin of the disgnostic and statistical manual of the mental disorders was to |
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Definition
| allow psychotherapists to collaborate and communicate intelligently |
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Term
| what is an intense reciprocal relationship between a child and an adult? |
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Definition
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Term
| that baby;s sex is determined at conception by |
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Definition
| a chromosome contributed by the father |
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Term
| in what type of research design are the same participants repetedly observed or tested? |
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Definition
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Term
| paul thinks everyone notices that his hair would not comb right this morning. he knows the girls in the corner are laughing about it. paul is demostrating a phenomenon called |
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Definition
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Term
| maria is 39 years old and pregnant. because her chances of having a with (blank) are then average. she may consider undergoing (blank) |
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Definition
| down syndrome, amniocentesis |
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Term
| harry and harlow raised monkeys with wire mesh mothers that provided nourshment, and with a soft cloth covered "mothers" that provided no nourshment. what did these baby monnkeys do when they were frightened? |
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Definition
| the ran to the soft cloth covered mother |
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Term
| what term designated a specific amount of time during development when certain damageor processes can or should take place? |
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Definition
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Term
| finding that T only attaches to A and C to G is relevant to |
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Definition
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Term
| out of mind out of sight is a good summary of the view of a child who has not yet mastered |
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Definition
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Term
| which of erik eriksons psychocosial crisis revolves around whether the child can depend on the primary care giver? |
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Definition
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Term
| john believes he is better than everyone else, what personality disorder is this? |
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Definition
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Term
| what term designates biological, chemical, or physical agents that can cause birth defects? |
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Definition
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Term
| during which stage does an organism develop major organ systems? |
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Definition
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Term
| your little sister picks up objects, feels every part of them, and then puts them in her mouth. what stage of jean piagets model of congnitive development does this behavior suggest? |
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Definition
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Term
| how would you elicit the rooting reflex in your newborn niece |
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Definition
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Term
| what term designates the developing human between the 2nd and 9th weeks after fertilization? |
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Definition
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Term
| juan wants to show off his daughter to his friends so he slips his fingers into her hair and lifts her up. which reflex is his daughter demostrating? |
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Definition
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Term
| an individual able to make a strong personal commitments to other people has successfully resolved eriks psychosocial crisis of |
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Definition
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Term
| dr.smith believes people who are very aggresive have become so because of their life experiences. dr jones believes people are more or less agressive from birth because of genetic factors. what issue in devlopmental psychology is heightened by their disagreement? |
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Definition
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Term
| which of the following birth defects is not caused by a teratogen |
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Definition
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Term
| the assemblage of a set of enduring characteristics or traits that produces a consistent pattern of behavior is identified as |
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Definition
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Term
| what are longstanding patterns of maladaptive behavior that are usually evident during adolescence and are highly resistant to treatment |
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Term
| every year the psychology department asks its faculty to describe their specialties so students will have career planning information. dr.jonas is a lifespan developmental psychologist. when he is asked for a title for his presenatation, which of the following is he most likely to use? |
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Definition
| from zygote to late adulthood |
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Term
| ted is sitting in the campus center when he is suddenly overcome by an intense fear that he had never experienced before. his body seems to be racing out of control and he wonders if he is having a heart attack, ted's symtpoms would be called |
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Definition
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Term
| don is a psychiatrist in private practice. when you look on his office wall you will find evidence that he earned which degree |
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Definition
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Term
| Which list has jean piaget's stages of cognitive devlopment in correct sequence |
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Definition
| sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational. |
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Term
| when someone accidentaly slams the kitchen door, andrea flings out her arms and legs then brings them close to her body. which reflex is this newborn exhibting? |
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Definition
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Term
| sigmund freud proposed that his patients disorders resulted most often from psychological conflicts related to |
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Definition
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Term
| chris is visiting her physician for a routine prenatal care, she is in her 15th week of pregnancy. what term would he doctor use to describe the developing human |
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Definition
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Term
| what term to psychologists use to describe a stable pattern of thinking, feeling, and behaving that distinguishes one person from another |
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Definition
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Term
| which individual is in middle adult hood?/ |
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Definition
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Term
| according to erik erikson personlity is molded by the way we deal with a series of ___ that occur as we grow older. |
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Definition
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Term
| the primary preventable in-utero cause of mental retardation is |
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Definition
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Term
| axis 1 disgnosis identifies a ___ while axis 2 refers to a possible ____ |
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Definition
| clinical disorder, personality disorder |
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Term
| the sex chromosomes of females are ___ and males they are ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the study of the physical, cognitve, and psycholosocial changes that occur throughtout the life span? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the one cell structure that forms when a sperm and an egg unite? |
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Definition
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Term
| what would you do to elicit a babinski reflex in an infant |
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Definition
| stroke the bottom of a babys foot |
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Term
| according to lev vygotsky, which of these is a key factor in a child's cognitive development. |
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Definition
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Term
| a doctor examined a baby just a few days old and found that he has a small head, flat midface, and heart defects. what substance taken by the mother during pregnancy is likely responsible for these problems? |
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Definition
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Term
| which people have an elevated risk for developing tay-sachs disease |
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Definition
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Term
| what did john b watons consider to be the most important factor influencing development? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are common consequences to a child if the mother smoked during pregnancy? |
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Definition
| lower birth weight and hyperactivitey |
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Term
| which of the following sets of units is arranged in order from largest to smallest? |
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Definition
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Term
| throughts and beliefs hold the key to understanding psychological disorders according to |
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Definition
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Term
| which of these is the most accurate defintion of puberty |
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Definition
| time when individuals reach full sexual maturity |
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Term
| what field combines psychology and biology to investigate the influence of heredity and environment on behavior? |
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Definition
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