Term
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Definition
| the number of years that an individual born in a particular year can expect to live, starting at any given age. |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of years of vigorous, healthy life an individual born in a particular year can expect |
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Term
| life expectancy crossover |
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Definition
| surviving members of low SES ethnic minority groups live longer than members of the white majority. |
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Term
| activities of daily living (ADLs) |
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Definition
| basic self-care tasks required to live on one's own, such as bathing, dressing, getting in and out of bed, etc. |
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Term
| instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) |
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Definition
| tasks necessary to conduct the business of daily life and also requiring some cognitive competence, such as telephoning, shopping, food preparation, housekeeping, and paying bills. |
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Term
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Definition
| the genetic limit to length of life for a person free of external risk factors. |
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Term
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Definition
| increase in old age, resulting in foggy vision and (without surgery) eventual blindness. |
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Term
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Definition
| happens when light-sensitive cells (macula), or the central region of the retina break down and central vision is blurred and eventually lost. |
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Term
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Definition
| immune system turns against normal body tissues. |
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Term
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Definition
| array of devices that permit people with disabilities to improve their functioning. |
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Term
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Definition
| a public health goal to have the average period of diminished vigor before death to decrease. |
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Term
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Definition
| genetically influenced declines that affect all members of our species and take place even in the context of overall good health. |
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Term
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Definition
| declines due to heredity defects and negative environmental influences, such as poor diet, lack of exercise, disease, substance abuse, environmental pollution, and psychological stress. |
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Term
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Definition
| weakened functioning of diverse organs and body systems, which profoundly interferes with everyday competence and leaves the older adult highly vulnerable in the face of an infection, extremely hot or cold weather, or an injury. |
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Term
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Definition
| the most common type, which involves deteriorating cartilage on the ends of bones and frequently used joints. |
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Term
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Definition
| involves the whole body. autoimmune response leads to an inflammation of connective tissue, particularly the membranes that line the joints, resulting in overall stiffness, inflammation, and aching. tissue in the cartilage tends to grow, damaging surrounding ligaments, muscles and bones. the result is deformed joints and often serious loss of mobility. |
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Term
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Definition
| a set of disorders occurring almost entirely in old age in which many aspects of thought and behavior are so impaired that everyday activities are disrupted. |
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Term
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Definition
| most common form of dementia in which structural and chemical brain deterioration is associated with gradual loss of many aspects of thought and behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| look like bundles of twisted threads that are the product of collapsed neural structures. |
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Term
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Definition
| outside neurons which are dense deposits of a deteriorated protein called amyloid, surrounded by clumps of dead nerve and glial cells |
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Term
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Definition
| a series of strokes leaves areas of dead brain cells, producing step-by-step degeneration of mental ability, with each step occurring abruptly. |
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Term
| selective optimization with compensation |
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Definition
| narrowing their goals, they select personally valued activities to optimize (maximize) returns from their diminishing energy. they find ways to compensate for their losses. |
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Term
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Definition
| memory without conscious awareness. |
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Term
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Definition
| difficulty creating and retrieving links between pieces of information. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| remembering to engage in planned actions in the future. |
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Term
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Definition
| expertise in the conduct and meaning of life. |
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Term
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Definition
| marked acceleration in deterioration of cognitive functioning prior to death. |
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