Term
|
Definition
| process of finding out who the listeners are and adapting the speech to their needs and interests. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a person to whom a sender communicates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a person who initiates communication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pathways through which messages are cummunicated between sender and receiver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of sending and receiving verbal and nonverbal messages to create shared meaning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Guides for what is appropriate in a situation based on place, time, occasion, and cultural context |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the particular context whithin which communication occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| attaching meanings to symbols |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| putting ideas into symbols |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| our principles about what is right and wrong, moral and immoral, honest or dishonest, fair or unfair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tendency to assume one's own cultural values and beliefs are better than the values and beliefs of other groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the appeal of speaker credibility, in the sense of competence and character |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any distraction that originates in the communication situation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those messages that listeners send back to a speaker about the clarity and acceptability of the speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the listeners goals, knowledge, experience, values, and attitudes through which the message is filtered |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| communication between two people about general information |
|
|
Term
| Interactive model of communication |
|
Definition
| accounts for the feedback receivers return to senders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anything that acts as a barrier to the communicatioin of a message |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any distraction that originates in the thoughts of the sender or receiver |
|
|
Term
| Interpersonal communication |
|
Definition
| communication between two people who have a relationship |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a preferred way of receiving, organizing, and interpreting information |
|
|
Term
| Linear model of communication |
|
Definition
| conceives of communication as a one way process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ignore or render illegitimate the expriences and values of some people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the mediated process whereby messages are transmitted to large publics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any signal sent by one person and interpreted by another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those messges we send using nonlinguistic means |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oRAL REFERENCES TO THE ORIGINAL SOURE OF PARTICULAR INFORMATION AT THE POINT OF PRESENTING IT DURNIG THE SPEECH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| presenting another person's ideas as one's own |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of sending messges to large audiences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a sustained formal presentation made by a speaker to an audience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sharing of personal information that is not generally known by others |
|
|
Term
| Small group communication |
|
Definition
| when three to twenty people meet to perform a task, reach a common goal, share ideas, or engage in a social experience |
|
|
Term
| Transactional model of communication |
|
Definition
| concept of communication as a complex, multifaceted, adn interactive process of creating a shared meaning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intrapersonal communication |
|
Definition
| communicating with yourself |
|
|
Term
| Linear model of communication |
|
Definition
| a speaker sends a message to a listener who receives the message |
|
|
Term
| Audience-based communication apprehension |
|
Definition
| a tendency to feel anxious about communicating with a certain person or group of people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unrealistic negative statements about oneself resultig in judging one's public speaking experience harshly, even if the experience goes well |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process to help a person systematically rebuild thoughts about public speaking |
|
|
Term
| Communication apprehension |
|
Definition
| the fear or anxiety associated with the real or anticipated communication with others |
|
|
Term
| Communication Orientation |
|
Definition
| approaching a public speech as a message one are trying to get across to listeners rather than as a performance |
|
|
Term
| Context-based communication apprehension |
|
Definition
| a tendency to feel anxious about communication in a particular setting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| beliefs that project harm onto events that are not harmful |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a learned response arising from watching the behaviors and reactions of those whom we admire |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| approaching a public speech as a performer, in which a perfect speech must be delivered flawlessly to a hypercritical audience |
|
|
Term
| Progressive muscle relaxation therapy |
|
Definition
| when one sysematically tenses and releases certain muscle groups while focusing on what a relaxed state feels like |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a learning process in which the responses one gets shape future expectations and behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those thoughts that go through our minds about our perceived success or failure in particular situations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those thoughts that go through our minds about our perceived success or failure in particular situations |
|
|
Term
| Situational communication apprehension |
|
Definition
| a short lived feeling of anziety that occurs during a specific encounter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a systematic methos of breaking the speechmaking process into specific skills that canbe mastered first in isolation and then together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process of learning to fit within the rules of a society |
|
|
Term
| Systematic Desensitization |
|
Definition
| a series of techniques focused around progressive relaxation, visualization, and participation |
|
|
Term
| Traitlike communication apprehension |
|
Definition
| a tendency to feel anxious about speaking in most situations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| material in the introduction that grabs listeners attention and relates to the topic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| considering who the audience members are and tailoring the message to their interests, dsires, and needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the variety of different pieces of evidence used to explain the main points |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a final statement that reinforces the main ideas, provides closure to the speech, and ties back to the introduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the actual ideas in the speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the way speakers communicate messages orally and visually through their voice, face, and body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the level of detail of the evidence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any information that clarifies, explains, or in some way adds breadth or depth to the topic (also called the supporting material) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| looking at the audience during the presentation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a typed outline, which labels and applies all macrostructural elements of teh speech, using complete sentences and a complete reference list |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to inform, to persuade, or to entertain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| announces the topic and provides a brief road map of how the apeaker will proceed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a statement that reveals how and why the ideas offered might benefit listeners |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the general framework for ideas in a speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a brief statement in the conclusion that reminds listeners of the main points |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| language and style choices one makes to convey ideas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a rough draft of a speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a statement in the introduction that alerts listeners to the main points of the speech |
|
|
Term
| Speaker credibility statement |
|
Definition
| one or more sentences indicating what makes the speaker an authority on the topic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a brief outline used solely as a memory aid while presenting the actual speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what the speaker hopes to accomlish in the speach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the overall framework used to organize content |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a reiteration of the thesis statement in the conclusion, usually offered in past tense |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a one-sentence summary of the speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a word or phrase that shows the relationship between two main points and lets the audience know the speaker has completed one main point and is moving on to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| listening for enjoyment through the works and experiences of others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| associated with something smoeone hears |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| listening for understanding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| criticism in which comments are specific, are about the speech rather than the speaker, are accompanied by a rationale, and are phrased as personal opinions using "I" language |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| listening that includes hearing, understanding, evaluating, and assigning worth to a message |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| listening "between the lines" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| listening to support, help, and empathize with the speaker |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the act of speaking distinctly and clearly: how crisply vowel and consonant sounds are formed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Impression formation and management |
|
Definition
| tendency to prejudge a speaker based on manner and appearance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| multidimensional psychological process of receiving, attending to, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken or nonverbal messages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wandering thoughts that occur while listening to a message |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| distractions associated with body aches, pains, and feelings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a four-step process for understanding the dynamics of critical listening |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| distractions associated with something someone sees |
|
|
