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Definition
| the retntion of info over time through proceses of encoding, storage, and retrieval |
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| the process by which info gets into memory storage |
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| the idea that encoding occurs on a continuum from shallow to deep, which deeper processing producing better memory |
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| extensiveness of processing at any given level of memory |
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| retention of info over time and the representation of info in memory |
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| The view that memory storage involves three seperate systems: sensory memory, short term memory, and long term memory |
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Definition
| info from the world that is held in its original form only for an instant, not much longer than a brief time it is exposed to the visual, auditory, and other senses |
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| a limitied capacity memory system in which info is retained for only as long as 30 seconds unless strategies are used to retain it longer |
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Definition
| a three part system that temporarily holds info as people perform cognitive tasks. Workign memory is a kind of metal "workbench" on which info is manipulated and assembled to help indivuduals perform other cognitive tasks |
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Definition
| a relatively permanent type of memory that stores huge amounts of info for a long time |
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Definition
| the conscious recollection of info, such as specific events and, at least in humans, info that can be verbally communicated |
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| the retention of info about the where, when, and what of life's happenings |
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| a person's knowledge about the world |
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| memory in which behavior is affected by prior experiance without that experiance being consciously recollected |
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| a type of implict memory process involving the activation of info that people already have in storage to help remember new info better and faster |
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| a preexisting mental concept or framework that helps people to organize and interpret info |
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Definition
| the theory that memory is stored throughout the brian in connections amoung neurons, several which may work together to process a single memory |
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| the meory process of taking info out of storage |
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Definition
| the tendency for items at the begining and at the end of a list to be recalled more readily than those in the middle |
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Definition
| a special form of episodic memory consisting of a persons recollections of his or her life experiances |
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Definition
| the memory of emotionally significant events that people often reall more accuratly and vividly than everyday events |
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Definition
| an act of forgetting something because it is so painful or anxiet-landen that remembering is is intolerable |
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Definition
| theory stating that people forget not because memories are lost from storage but because other info gets in the way of what they want to remember |
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Definition
| situation in which material that was learned earlier disrupts the recall of material learned later |
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Definition
| situation in which material learned later disrupts the retrieval of info learned earlier |
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Definition
| theory stating that when something new is learned, a neurichemical "memory trace" is formed, but over time this trace tends to disintegrate |
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| tip of the tounge phenomenon |
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Definition
| the "effortful retrieval" that occurs when people are confident that thye know something but cannot pull it out of memory |
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| remembering info about doing something in the future, including memory for intentions |
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| a memory disorder that affects the retention of new info and events |
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Definition
| a memory disorder that involves memory loss for a segment of the past but not for new events |
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Definition
| specific visual and/or verbal memory aids |
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Term
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Definition
| time frames of a fraction of a second to several seconds |
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Definition
| time frames up to 30 seconds |
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Definition
| time frames up to a lifetime |
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Term
| Atkinson-shiffrins theory of memory model |
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Definition
| sensory imputs to the sensory memory, then attention and rehearsal send info to short term memory, then storage to long term memory |
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Definition
| long segments of time measured in years and even decades |
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| extended composite spisodes measured in days, weeks, or months |
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| individual episodes measured in seconds, minutes, or hours |
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| first psychologist to conduct scientific research on forgetting |
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Definition
| attention, levels of processing, elaboration, and imagery |
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Definition
| sensory memory, short term memory, long term memory |
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| 5 special cases of retrieval |
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Definition
| autobiographical memory, emotional memory, memory for trauma, repressed memory, and eyewitness memory |
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Definition
| forgetting info that was never entered into long term memory |
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Term
| 4 reasons of retrieval failure |
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Definition
| interference theory, decay theory, motivated theory, amnesia |
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