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| the basic building blocks of the nervous system |
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| the cell body; contains the biochemical structures needed to keep the neuron alive. The nucleus in the cell body carries the genetic information that determines how the cell develop and functions. |
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| specialized receiving units like antennae that collect messages from neighboring neurons and send them to the cell body; emerging from the cell body |
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conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands; branches out at its end to form axon terminals |
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| axon branches out at its end to form a number of axon terminals, which may connect with dendrites from numerous neurons, making it possible for a single neuron to pass mesages to other neurons (50,000 other neurons!) |
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| Drugs work their way into bloodstream and carried through brain by network of capillaries that contain a blood-brain barrier-a special lining of tightly packed cells that lets vital nutrients pass through so neurons can function |
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drug that increases the activity of a neurotransmitter -enhance neurons' ability to synthesize, store, release neurotransmitters -bind w/ and stimulate postsynaptic receptor sites (or make it easier for neurotransmitters to stimulate sites) -make it harder for neurotransmitters to be deactivated, such as by inhibiting reuptake |
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| molecular structure like endorphins, bind to/activate receptor sites that recieve endorphins |
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| cause neuron to releas more |
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| A chemical released by a neuron so that this chemical can have an effect on adjacent neuron(s); single neuron can release numerous different types of neurotransmitter chemicals; different amts of each neurotransmitter substance might be released at different pts in time. In order for a neurotransmitter chem to exert its function, must interact with chemical receptors. |
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| endogenous neurochemicals |
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| How does the brain and nervous system organize psychological processes and behavior? |
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| detection, organization/integration, activation |
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| How do neurons send messages? |
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-synthesis of endogenous neurotransmitter -storage of e.n -release of e.n. -interaction between neurotransmitter & receptors in synapse- key event for action potential -reuptake of released neurotransmitter -metabolism of released neurotransmitter |
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