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| Two theories on the sources of water |
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Definition
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Definition
condensation of rain
Water vapor released by outgassing
Condensed as rain (20 million years)
Accumulated in ocean basin
About 4 million years ago |
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| striking earth, earth so hot ice would melt |
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Definition
• 70.8% of earth is covered by water
97% in SW of oceans and seas
2% FW Lakes/Rivers
1% snow/ice glaciers
0.00057% atmospheric water |
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Definition
| an atom or molecule where the total # of e is not equal to the total # of p, giving it a net + or – electrical charge |
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Definition
| electrons are gained or lost |
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| intermolecular bond of H with an electronegative atom |
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Definition
polar/dipole: + on one end – on other
105 degree angle
universal solvent
hydrogen bonds between hydrogen and oxygen molecules
stronger covalent bonds within molecule |
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| when water molecules stick to each other (makes beading) |
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Definition
| h bonds that is responsible for water molecules to stick/adhere to solids |
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Definition
| bonding of hydrogen give water/ice pale blue color, vibration of molecules absorbs a small amount of red light, leaving more blue for us to see |
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Definition
Total amount of solid (inorganic) material dissolved in water
Ratio of the mass of dissolved substances to the add of the water sample
Does not include fine particles in suspension |
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Definition
| +.2 micron (used to be .7) |
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Term
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Definition
| - .2 micron (used to be .7) |
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Term
| Principle of Constant Proportion |
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Definition
| the major dissolved constituents responsible for the salinity of seawater occur nearly everywhere in the ocean in exact same proportions, regardless of salinity |
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Term
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Definition
| 1.80655 multiplied by chlorinity |
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Term
| How material moves to ocean |
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Definition
Rain dissolves rocks
Dissolved compounds (ions) accumulate in ocean basins
Estuary: where fresh water meets ocean
Ocean salinity based on balance between input and output of ions |
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Term
| to change water from liquid, solid, or gas you have to... |
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Definition
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| energy produced by random vibration of atoms and molecules, how many/how rapidly |
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records how rapidly they are vibrating (input/removal of heat)
Water boils: 212 F, 100 C
Water freezes: 32 F 0F |
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| friction, chemical reactions, radioactive, burning |
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| the amount of heat (energy) required to raise temperature of one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius |
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Definition
| the amount of hear required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree centigrade |
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the substance can absorb or lose large quantities of heat with only a small change in temperature
example: water |
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