Term
| What type of kidney stones are AKA magnesium ammonium phosphate stones? |
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Definition
| Struvite- due to urease organisms (such as proteus) |
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Term
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Definition
| thiazide diuretics or calcium binders |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What type of stones only form in patients with chronic UTI? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of stone is radiolucent (invisible on KUB imaging)? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Alkalization of urine (Na bicarb) |
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Term
| What type of stone is due to an autosomal recessive genetic disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Hydration- 3L fluid intake daily. Lifelong tx |
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Term
| What genital lesions have a yellowish color? |
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Definition
| Fordyce spots- harmless enlarged sebaceous glands |
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Term
| Patient presents with multiple flat topped, pinhead-sized papules on the penis |
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Definition
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Term
| What skin lesion presents with the "four Ps"- Pruritic, purple, polygonal, papules or plaques? |
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Definition
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Term
| Clinical features of vulvar lichen planus? |
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Definition
| vulvar pain, burning, pruritus, soreness, or dyspareunia (sometimes with post-coital bleeding) |
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Term
| Treatment for vulvar lichen planus? |
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Definition
| Topical corticosteroids (clobetasol) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How does citrate relate to kidney stone formation? |
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Definition
| Citrate binds to calcium and makes it more soluble; thus, low citrate in the urine increases likelihood of developing stones |
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Term
| How is Mg related to stone formation? |
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Definition
| Mg binds to oxalate; low Mg in urine raises likelihood of calcium oxalate stone formation |
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Term
| What type of stones are hexagonal and flat? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of crystals are coffin-lid shaped? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of crystals are envelope-shaped? |
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Definition
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Term
| Medical options to prevent recurrent stones? |
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Definition
Potassium citrate
Thiazide diuretics
Allopurinol |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| First-line surgical tx in stones <1cm? |
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Definition
| Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) |
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Term
| Surgical tx in stones >2cm? |
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Definition
| Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) |
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Term
| Medical expulsive therapy to facilitate passage of stones? |
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Definition
| Alpha-blockers (e.g. tamsulosin) |
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Term
| MC type of stones in pregnancy? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Abatement of a fever indicated by decreased body temp |
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Term
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Definition
quick sepsis-related organ failure assessment:
2 or more of the following:
SBP < 100mmHg (low bp)
RR > 22 breaths/min (increased resp)
Glasgow coma scale <15 (altered mentation) |
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