Term
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Definition
| movement of an organism, results in detectable change in the environment |
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Term
| class of operant behavior |
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Definition
| defined by consequences, topography may be different but the payoff is the same |
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Definition
| a class of behavior that occurs because of the consequences of that class of behaviors in the past |
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Term
| alternate terms for operant |
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Definition
| behavior, behavior class; response, response class; action |
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Term
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Definition
| a change in the environment that takes place soon after a behavior and alters the future probability of that behavior |
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Term
| factors which influence effectiveness of consequences |
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Definition
| genetic endowment (species differences, differences within species), learning history, recent events |
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Term
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Definition
| a stimulus presented (added) following a behavior which makes it more likely to occur under similar circumstances in the future |
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Term
| benefits to positive reinforcement |
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Definition
effective
people like having their behavior changed this way
people like the individuals who positively reinforce them
if children receive enough positive reinforcement for good behavior, problem behaviors often decrease |
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Term
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Definition
| doesn't necessarily reinforce the target behavior; rather influences it |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when reinforcement "accidentally" follows a behavior that did not produce the reinforcement |
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Term
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Definition
| the response, itself, produces the reinforcement (independent of another person delivering it, ex - wiggling your leg during a boring lecture to stay awake) |
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Term
| unconditioned/primary reinforcers |
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Definition
| due to heredity/evolution, do not require any learning history. Examples - food, water, oxygen, warmth, sexual stim., human touch |
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Term
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Definition
| neutral stimuli that begin to function as reinforcers as a result of being paired with other reinforcers (stickers, tokens) |
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Term
| generalized conditioned reinforcers |
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Definition
| a type of conditioned reinforcer that has been paired with MANY conditioned and unconditioned reinforcers, doesn't depend on a specific EO (ex. money) |
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Term
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Definition
| access to high-frequency behaviors is contingent on the occurrence of low-requency behavior, resulting in an increased probability of the low-frequency behavior occurring (after you eat your veggies, you can have ice cream.) |
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