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Definition
| is the initial cell formed when two sperm cells are joined by means of sexual reproduction |
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| A structure produced by plants containing the male sperm to be used in reproduction. |
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| reproductive organ of the gymnosperms |
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| the reproductive structure found in flowering plants |
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| An oval structure within an ovule of an angiosperm that contains the egg; where the embryo develops |
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| The two cells that became food for the baby plant |
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Definition
| An organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation; a multicellular eukaryote in its earliest stage of development |
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| An organism in the early stages of |
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Definition
| is the male reproductive organ of a flower. Its function is to produce haploid |
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| is the female organ that helps when reproducing and making more seeds |
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Definition
| makes pollen, the male sex organ in a flower. |
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Definition
| is the stalk of the anthers |
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Definition
| is part of the female reproductive system of some plants. It collects pollen for the plant or flower. |
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Definition
| is a tube that leads from the stigma to the ovary. It helps put the stigma high inside th flower so the bees can reach it. |
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| ovary protects and stores ovule; after fertilization the ovary swells and becomes the fruit. |
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| is the egg. A small structure in a seed plant that contains the embryo sac and develops into a seed after fertilization. |
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| helps attract insects and other pollinators |
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| characteristics of a flower likely to be pollinated by a bat |
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Definition
| glowing yellow or white flower; visible/open; nectar/female scent; blooms at night |
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| characteristics of a flower likely to be pollinated by a moth |
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Definition
| light colored flower; strong, sweet, nectar scent; blooms at night; provides nectar |
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| characteristics of a flower likely to be pollinated by a fly/carrion beetle |
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Definition
| flower with a scent of carcous; red/brown color; provides nothing |
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| characteristics of a flower likely to be pollinated by a bee |
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Definition
| flower that is blue or purple; with a scent of nectar |
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| characteristics of a flower likely to be pollinated by wind |
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Definition
| flower that is neutral/natural color; no scent; dangling shape |
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| characteristics of a flower likely to be pollinated by humming bird |
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Definition
| flower that is red; has no scent; and has a long tube shape |
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Term
| what do we mean when we say that animals pollinate and disperse seeds by accident? |
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Definition
| they do not realize what they're doing. the flower tricks their pollinators into helping them even if the pollinators do not intend to |
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Term
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Definition
| the seed is the object from which a new plant can grow |
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Definition
| the spreading of pollen from the male to the female part of a flower |
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Definition
| the sperm and egg joining to form a zygote |
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Definition
| the male reproductive cell |
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Definition
| when the stamen of the same flower can fertilize its own pistil |
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Definition
| when the pollen from the stamen of one flower fertilizes the pistil of a different flower |
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Term
| what is the difference between pollination and fertilization |
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Definition
| pollination is the spreading of pollen from the male to the female part of the flower and fertilization is the sperm and egg joining to form a zygote |
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| how can you tell if the flower has been successfully pollinated and fertilized? |
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Definition
| if the eggs develop into a seed and have a fruit |
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Term
| name an advantage for a plant to have a large seed |
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Definition
| there is lots of endosperm for the embryo |
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Term
| name an advantage for a plant to have a small seed |
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Definition
| the plant can make a lot of them disperse easily by the wind |
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| what are 6 threats to pollinators? |
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Definition
1) mites
2) habitat loss
3) pesticides
4) hunting bats
5) harsh winters
6) invasive species |
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Term
| what are 2 threats to dispersers? |
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Definition
1) hunting
2) loss of habitat |
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| what would encourage animals to specialize in the flowers they pollinate? |
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Definition
| they can count on a resource and they can do it without competition |
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| what are some resources a specialized could count on? |
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Definition
1) nectar
2) oils
3) perfume
4) edible pollen |
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| what are the pros of plants specializing in the pollinators they attract? |
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Definition
| more likely that the pollen will go to the same species and there will be less pollen wasted |
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| what are the cons of plants specializing in the pollinators they attract? |
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Definition
| if the pollinator declines/goes extinct then the plant will decline/go extinct too. |
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| what are the pros of plants that attract a variety of pollinators? |
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Definition
| if a pollinator declines/goes extinct then the plant is less likely to decline/go extinct too. |
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Term
| what are the cons of plants that attract a variety of pollinators |
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Definition
| pollinators are more likely to waste pollen and use the pollen on different species of flowers |
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Term
| what is the order of plant reproduction? |
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Definition
1) pollination
2) fertilization
3) seed dispersal |
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Term
| what happens to eggs after fertilization? |
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Definition
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| what happens to ovaries after fertilization? |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens to petals after fertilization? |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens to stamens after fertilization? |
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Definition
| stamens shrivel up but can stay on the fruit still |
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Term
| what happens to flowers after fertilization? |
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Definition
| flowers become fruit with seeds inside |
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