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| one or more rhyming words within a line |
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| rhyming words at the ends of lines |
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words with sound similarity ex) seen, been |
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repetition of vowel sounds ex) mad as a hatter |
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repetition of final consonant sounds ex) odds and ends |
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repetition of accented vowel sounds and any succeeding consonant sound ex) sex, decks fertile, turtle |
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rhyming sounds involving only one syllable ex) sex, decks |
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rhyming sounds involving two or more syllables ex) turtle, fertile |
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| reference to history or previous literature |
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| Writer's or speaker's attitude toward the subject, reader, or himself |
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repetition of initial consonant sounds ex) rhyme or reason |
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| saying the opposite of what is meant |
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| bitter or cutting speech meant to hurt feelings |
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| Ridicule of human folly or vice with the purpose of bringing about change |
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| discrepancy between what is said and what the poem means |
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| discrepancy exists between actual circumstances and those that would seem appropriate |
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| narrative or description with a second meaning beneath the surface |
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apparent contradiction that is somehow true ex)damn with faint praise |
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| exaggeration in the service of truth |
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| saying less than is meant |
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| giving human characteristics to an animal, concept, or object |
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| addressing someone dead or absent or something nonhuman as if it were present and alive and could respond |
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| substitute some detail or quality of an experience for the experience itself |
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| something that means more that what it is |
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| way of saying something other than the ordinary way |
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| language using figures of speece |
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| means of comparing things that are essentially unlike |
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| dictionary meaning of a word |
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| The meaning beyond the actual meaning of a word |
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| the representation through language of sense experience |
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