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| qualities and characteristics isolated as pure ideas; dealing with a subject in the abstract without practical purpose or intention |
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| extended metaphor where the objects and persons are equated with meanings lying outside the narrative itself (underlying meaning). |
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| The recurrence of initial consonant sounds. |
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A reference to some event, person, or place of literary or historical significance. |
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| aka richness; doubtful or obscure. |
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a metrical foot consisting of two unaccented syllables followed by an accented syllable. uu/ |
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| characterized by a flatness and falling off in intensity |
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| The recurring of initial vowel sounds. |
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The general pervasive (spreading) feeling which may be said to condition the treatment of the subj of any literary work; rhythm and imagery. |
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| The author's way of regarding his materials, especially as it reflects his understanding and interpretation of them. |
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| a song that tells a story. |
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| one of the divisions of a poem and is usually in the form of a song. the four-line stanza, known as a quatrain, most often found in the folk ballad. This form consists of alternating four- and three-stress lines. Usually only the second and fourth lines rhyme (an abcb pattern). |
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| Poetry that is written in unrhymed iambic pentameter. Shakespeare wrote most of his plays in blank verse. |
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| the main pause within a line of verse |
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| the peak of interest or intensity. |
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| An effect of compactness and intensity-->a result of its highly organized form. This concentration does not depend on logical succinctness. It depends on the functional relationships exisiting among a nunber of complex factors--rhythm, imagery, theme. |
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| an idea or meaning suggested by or associated with a word or thing. |
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| the repetition of consonant sounds at the ends of words or accented syllables. |
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| techniques and modes of treatment that are accepted by common agreement. |
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| two consecutive lines of verse rhyming together |
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a metrical foot consisting of an accented syllable followed by two unaccented syllables. /uu |
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| literal definition of a word. |
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| the choice of words in poetry, etc. |
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| two syllables rhyme. Ex. brightness/tightness |
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presents its materials concretely and thru action justifies the use of the term. |
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| The term is used loosely for any poem of subjective and meditative nature, but more specially for a poem of grief. |
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lines of verse in which both the grammatical structcure and the sense reach completion at the end of the line.
Ex: She ran into the street / Before she was hit by the car. |
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The continuation of a complete idea (a sentence or clause) from one line or couplet of a poem to the next line or couplet without a pause. Ex: "I think that I shall never see/A poem as lovely as a tree..." |
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| a long narrative poem dealing with persons of heroic proportions and actions of great significance. |
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pleasing/agreeable to the ear. |
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| the process of giving the information necessary for the understanding of an action (first part of a play.) |
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The line ends with an extra unstressed syllable, giving 11 syllables instead of 10. |
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two syllable rhyme consisting of stressed syllable followed by unstressed.
Ex: pleasure/leisure, longing/yearning. |
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not literal but metaphorical: language, tone, symbol. |
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How a poet concentrates and unifies various elements of a poem. |
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| the unit in which meter is counted. A foot consists of one stressed syllable and its one or more unstressed syllables. |
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organization of the rhythm of a poem. the discussion of the organization of other elements in relation to the total effect. |
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| Poetry composed of either rhymed or unrhymed lines that have no set meter |
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| two consecutive lines of iambic pentameter rhyming together |
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a metrical foot consisting of an unaccented syllable followed by an accented syllable. u/ |
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| Language that appeals to any sense or any combination of the senses. |
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result of the highly organized form of poetry; a meaningful relatoinship among all the factors involved in a poem. |
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| rhyme occurring within a line unit |
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| an ironical statement indicates a meaning contrary to the one it professes to give; an ironical event or situation is one in which there is a contrast b/w expectation and fulfillment. |
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| comparison without using "like" or "as" |
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| the arrangement of words in a rhythmical pattern of verse. |
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| a long narrative poem that lightly parodies or mimics the conventions of classical epic. |
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the person who perceives or experiences a thing and the thing perceived or experienced. |
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| A poem or stanza composed of eight lines. The term octave most often represents the first eight lines of a Petrarchan sonnet. |
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| An extended lyric poem with complex stanza forms involving a serious theme. |
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the use of words that imitate sounds. Ex: buzzing-->bees |
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| An eight-line stanza of poetry composed in iambic pentameter (a five foot line in which each foot consists of an unaccented syllable followed by an accented syllable), following the abababcc rhyme scheme. |
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| a statement which seems on the surface contradictory, but which involves an element of the truth. |
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| A pastoral is a literary composition on a rural theme, mainly shepherd life/characters. In a pastoral, characters and language of a courtly nature are often placed in a simple setting. |
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when an inanimate object performs something human-like. Ex: the stars danced across the sky. |
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| This convention stems from the love sonnets of hte Italian poet Petrarch. His sonnets represented his mistress as more than humanly beautiful, but cold and disdainful, and himself as completely abased before her. The imager is frequently elaborate and far-fetched. |
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| a stranza consisting of four lines |
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| ordinary, easily observable details, which give an impression of fidelity to the facts of ordinary life. |
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| variation in rhetorical terms used. |
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| The pattern of rhymes in a poem. The rhyme scheme is indicated by a different letter of the alphabet for each new rhyme of the stanza. |
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| movement with recurrent beat or stress |
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| A stanza of seven lines composed in iambic pentameter and rhymed ababbcc |
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| a literary movement in late 18th- and early 19th-century. an exciting and mysterious quality (as of a heroic time or adventure); impractical romantic ideals and attitudes |
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| when one line ends without a pause and continues into the next line for its meaning |
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| emotional response in excess of the occasion; emotional response not prepared for nor justified by the poem in question |
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| comparison using "like" or "as" |
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| occurs when the final consonant sounds are the same, but the vowels are different: green and gone, that and hit |
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A fourteen line poem, usually in iambic pentameter, with a varied rhyme scheme. The two main types of sonnet are the Petrarchan (or Italian) and the Shakespearean. Petrarchan- octave and sestet Shakespearean- 3 quatrains and a couplet |
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in classical metrics, a foot of two accented syllables. // |
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| a group of lines whose pattern is repeated throughout the poem |
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| arrangement/relationship among episodes, statements, scenes, and details of action. |
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| Based on personal feeling or interpretation; not objective. represents the response of a person, the poet, to an obj or to a body of objs |
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| a poet replacing one type of foot for another. |
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| Symbols are objects, characters, figures, sounds or colors used to represent abstract ideas or concepts. |
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| A three-line stanza. The rhyme scheme is: aba, bcb, cdc, ded, etc. |
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| The writer's attitude toward his readers and his subject; his mood or moral view. A writer can be formal, informal, playful, ironic, and especially, optimistic or pessimistic. |
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| 3 syllables rhyme. Ex. Pollution/solution |
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a metrical foot consisting of an accented syllable followed byan unaccented syllable. /u |
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| saying less than might be expected. |
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| establishing meaningful relationships among its apparently discordant elements--> might give a revelation or new insight. The poet ties together the items of ordinarily disordered experience into a new, and perhaps unsuspected, pattern. |
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monometer- one foot dimeter- two feet trimeter- three feet tetrameter- four feet pentameter- five feet hexameter- six feet (or alexandrine) heptameter- seven feet |
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| the rhymed syllables are the last syllables of the words in question, as in surmount and discount |
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