Term
| overall pathophysiological impact of pneumoconiosis? Symptoms? |
|
Definition
| pulmonary interstitial fibrosis resulting in infections, hypoxemia, ischemic necrosis, emphysema, and lung cancer |
|
|
Term
| Name 4 major causes of pneumoconioses |
|
Definition
| Silicon, asbestos, coal dust, beryllium |
|
|
Term
| most common pneumoconiosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sob while exercising, fever, bluish skin, fatigue |
|
|
Term
| manifestation time for acute, accelerated and chronic silicosis? |
|
Definition
less than 5 --> acute
5-10 years --> accelerated
greater than 10 is chronic |
|
|
Term
| xray findings in silicosis? |
|
Definition
| widespread consolidations and nodular opacities. Key differentiating factor. |
|
|
Term
| chronic silicosis (type II) is associated with increased risk of what? |
|
Definition
| cor pulmonale, infections, and lung cancer |
|
|
Term
| lung findings in asbestos |
|
Definition
| fibrosis of lung parenchyma and progressive restrictive lung function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exertional dyspnea, productive cough, rales. |
|
|
Term
| exacerbating factors of asbestosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Manifestations of asbestosis |
|
Definition
| pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer, mesothelioma, laryngeal and GI cancer |
|
|
Term
| time frame for developing mesothilioma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| xray findings for asbestosis? |
|
Definition
| pleural plaques and linear opacities**** differentiating |
|
|
Term
| difference between simple and progressive massive fibrosis coal workers pneumoconiosis? |
|
Definition
| siimple less than 1 cm nodules. |
|
|
Term
| hallmark of coal workers pneumoconiosis? |
|
Definition
| coal macules. pinhead sized collections of macrophages filled with coal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| none for simple. PMF --> progressive dyspnea, pulmonary HTN, and resp failure. most common symptom is chronic cough with sputum production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nodular opacities. Differentiate from silicosis via history |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is there a genetic link to berylliosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acute berylliosis looks like what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chronic berylliosis shows what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you confirm a diagnoses of berylliosis? |
|
Definition
| labrotory lymphoctye transformation test |
|
|
Term
| what is a treatment for berylliosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| whazt are 4 complications of thermal lung injuries? |
|
Definition
| immediate reaction, CO or Cyanide poisining, ARDS, and late onset pulmonary complications |
|
|
Term
| findings in smoke inhalation? |
|
Definition
| hyposemia, pulmonary edema, diffuse patchy infiltrates on CXR, infections, upper airway constriciton |
|
|
Term
| how to treat smoke inhalation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| slinical features of CO poisining? |
|
Definition
neurologic are most common: headache, confusion, visual changes
also, nausea and vomitting.
***Classic symptoms: CHERRY RED LIPS AND NAIL BEDS |
|
|
Term
| how do you make a diagnosis of CO poisining? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you treat CO poisining? |
|
Definition
| 100% O2 and hyperbaric therapy for serious cases |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common high altitude injury? |
|
Definition
| AMS (acute mountain sickness) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| headache, malaise, anorexia, and disturbed sleep, hyperventilation, impaired judgement |
|
|
Term
| what are the two types high altitude injury that are most serious and found above 9500 ft? |
|
Definition
HACE - cerebral edema (more serious)
HAPE - pulmonary edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| descend, O2 or increase fluids |
|
|
Term
| mechanism of dry drowning? |
|
Definition
| small volume aspiration causing laryngeal spasm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hyposemia, metabolic acidosis, cardiac arrythmias, hypoxic encephalopathies, renal insufficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| establish airway, high flow O2, 24 hour observation. survival occurs even after prolonged resuscitive efforts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| judged by neurologic status and pulmonary status. Hypothermic children have best chance. Not dead until warm and dead |
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