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PMP Exam
PMP Flash Card
52
Management
Professional
02/18/2012
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Term
Processes
 Definition

Processes are composed of three elements:

Inputs

Tools

Techniques and

Outputs
Term
Process
 Definition
A set of inputs, tools, and techniques, used together to produce one or more specific outputs for the project.  There are 42 processes of project management which make up the core of the PMBOK Guide.  Each process is organized so that it belongs to one knowledge area and one process group
Term
Phases
 Definition
A group of project activities. Phases are separated by exit gates or kill points where someone who does not directly work with the project (the gatekeeper) evaluates the deliverable to determine whether the next phase is initiated.
Term
Project
 Definition

A temporary endevour used to create a unique product, service or result.

A temporary group of related tasked undertaken to create a unique product, service or result.
Term
Program
 Definition
a group of related projects, managed together, usually to realize some common efficiencies. Programs may also include ongoing operations, which individual projects do not have.
Term
Portfolio
 Definition
a group of projects intended to achieve a business result.  A portfolio usually refers to all the projects in an organization.
Term
Progressive Elaboration
 Definition
an interative approach where planning occurs in cycles rather than up front.  Projects which use progressive elaboration typically do some planning, some execution, some monitoring and controlling, and then repeat the cycle.
Term
Project Management
 Definition
using skills, knowledge, and resources to satisfy project requirements
Term
Historical Information
 Definition
any information from previous projects that has been archived by the performing organization.  Historical information can be used to evaluate future projects decisions.
Term
Baseline
 Definition
the original approved scope, cost, or schedule, plus all approved changes.  Baselines represent the approved plan, and they are especially usefore for measuring how actual results deviate from the plan.  It is importan to remember that baselines can, and typically do, change throughout the life of the projects as changes are approved.  Baseline typically apply to other measured areas such as performance and quality
Term
Lesson Learned
 Definition
the formally documented information the team has acquired during  execution of the project.  Lesson learned specifically focus on variances in the project and document how the team would plan or execute differently if they had a specific component of the project to perform again.
Term
System
 Definition
the rules, processes, procedures, people, and other elements that support an outcome or process.  Several systems are defined in project management, including the project management information system, the change control system and the work authorization system,
Term
Project Manager
 Definition
the role of the person ultimately responsible for the project.  The project manager has the authority to spend project budget and to assign project resources in order to realize the project's goals.
Term
Project Coordinator
 Definition
the project role that is weaker than a project manager is the authority.  A project coordinator can typically assign project resources but is not authorized to spend project funds.  When the role of project coordinator exist on a project, it is in the place of a project manager.  Project coordinator report to someone from senior management who has the ulimate responsiblity for the project.
Term
Project Expeditor
 Definition
the project role that some project responsibility but little organizational authority.  Project expeditors ensure that tasks are completed on time and that the project is progressing as planned; however, they cannot assign project resources or spend project funds.  Project expeditor report to someone from senior management who has ultimate responsibility for the project.
Term
Senior Management
 Definition
anyone more senior than the project manager that can be called on to resolve conflicts within the organization
Term
Functional Manager
 Definition
a manager of a department or functional group within an organization.  Functional manager are vital to most companies since thy have a deep expertise within a given area and perform the human resource management duties for the employees of their departments.  Project manager experience most of their conflicts with functional managers.
Term
Stakeholders
 Definition
individuals involve in the project or whose interest may be positively or negatively affected as a result of the execution or completion of the project.  They are identified as the most importan or influential one on the project
Term
Sponsor
 Definition
the person responsible for the funding the projects.  The sponsor is typically someone from senior management and may not be the same person as the customer.
Term
Project Office
 Definition
a department that can support project managers with methodologies, tools, training, etc., or even ultimately controll of the organization's project. Usually the project office serves in a supporting role, defining standards, providing best practices, and auditing project for conformance.
Term
Program Manager
 Definition
Program manager are responsible of the programs.  They are responsible for coordinating several projects at once in order to achieve a common goal.
Term
Types of Organizations
 Definition
  1. Functional organizations
  2. Projectized organizations
  3. Matrix Organizations
Term
Functional Organizations
 Definition
a very common type of organization that has strong (vertical) departments, organized around function or expertise.  In functional organization, the functional manager generally has more organizational power than the project manager, and the project management may struggle te receive significant support, recognition or authority.
Term
Projectized Organization
 Definition
an organizational structure that is arranged around the projects. In a projectized organization, the project manager also fills the role of functional manager for the project team, meaning that the human resources report directly to the project manager.  Projectized organizations give the project manage a great degree of control and authority; however, the control comes with more adminstrative responsibility that can reduce the project manager's ability to focus on the actual project.
Term
Matrix Organization
 Definition
an increasing popular organization that is a hybrid between a functional and a projectized organization.  A matrix organization provides a project manager with control over the projects, while preserving the functional manager's control over departments.  The project manager "borrows" resources from one or more department for a temporary project, while the functional manager performs administrative and human resource duties for the resources.
Term
Project Manager's Management Skills
 Definition
  • Leading
  • Communicating
  • Negotiating
  • Problem solving
  • Influencing 
Term
Project Life Cycle
 Definition
a group of project phases specified by an organization's project management methodology. The project life cycle is made up of all the project phases, viewed as a whole.  Project are divided into phases in order to create logical management and decision points.
Term
The Triple Constraint
 Definition
the intersection of scope, time and cost on a project.  The triple constraint emphasizes the one of these cannot change without affecting at least one of the other two.
Term
Project Management Methodology
 Definition
The PMBOK Guide does not describe a methodology.
Term
Work Authorization System
 Definition
Part of the overall project management information system (PMIS), the work authorization system is used to ensure that work gets performed at the right time and in the right sequence.  It may be an informal e-mail sent by the project manager to a functional manager, or a formal system to get an assigned resource released to complete scheduled work.
Term
Enterprise Environment Factors
 Definition
any factor outside the of the project's control that influences the project.  This could include organizational attitudes, culture, reporting relationships, government, the economy, laws, etc.
Term
Organizational Process Assets
 Definition
all historical information or knowledge that an organzation has at its disposal, which may be used to help future projects.  Examples of organizationl process assets woud include templates, forms, research results, work breakdown structures, quality standards, benchmarks, previous plans, contracts, etc.
Term
Project Management Plan
 Definition
the plan for how the project will be managed.  The project management plan is a formal, approved document composed of the other planning documents.  Once approved, the project management plan is place under control.  The project management plan is also known, more succinctly, as the project plan.
Term
Work Performance Information
 Definition
information on how the work is being performed, gathered during the executing processes.  Work performance information begins to flow as soon as the work is executed.  Among other things, it included the status of deliverables, how things are performing against cost and schedule goals, and how the product measures up against quality standards.
Term
Expert Judgment
 Definition
using knowledgeable groups or individuals to assit in project decisions. Expert judgment is a highly favored techinque within project management.
Term
Project Management Information System (PMIS)
 Definition
the system used to support management of the process.  It serves as a repository for information and a tool to help with communication and tracking.  The PMIS supports the project from beginning to end.
Term
Knowledge Areas
 Definition
  1. Integration Management
  2. Scope Management
  3. Time Management
  4. Cost Management
  5. Quality Management
  6. Human Resourcse Management
  7. Communication Management
  8. Risk Management
  9. Procurement Management 
Term
Process Group
 Definition
  1. Initiating
  2. Planning
  3. Executing
  4. Monitoring and Controlling
  5. Closing 
Term
Project Integration Management
 Definition
  1. Develop Project Charter
  2. Develop Management Plan
  3. Direct and Manage Project Execution
  4. Monitor and Control Project Work
  5. Perform Integrated Change Control
  6. Close Project or Phase 
Term
Project Scope Management
 Definition
  1. Collect Requirements
  2. Define Scope
  3. Create Work Breakdown (WBS)
  4. Verify Scope
  5. Control Scope 
Term
Project Time Management
 Definition
  1. Define Activities
  2. Sequence Activities
  3. Estimate Activity Resources
  4. Estimate Activity Durations
  5. Develop Schedule
  6. Control Schedule 
Term
Project Cost Management
 Definition
  1. Estimate Cost
  2. Determine Budge
  3. Control Costs 
Term
Plan Quality Management
 Definition
  1. Plan Quality
  2. Perform Quality Assurance
  3. Perform Quality Control 
Term
Project Human Resource Management
 Definition
  1. Develop Human Resource Plan
  2. Acquire Project Team
  3. Develop Project Team
  4. Manage Project Team 
Term
Project Communication Management
 Definition
  1. Identify Stakeholders
  2. Plan Communications
  3. Distribute Information
  4. Manage Stakeholders Expectations
  5. Report Performance 
Term
Project Risk Management
 Definition
  1. Plan Risk Management
  2. Identify Risk
  3. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
  4. Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
  5. Plan Risk Responses
  6. Monitor and Control Risks 
Term
Project Procurement Management
 Definition
  1. Plan Procurement
  2. Conduct Procurements
  3. Administer Procurements 
  4. Close Procurements
Term
Initating Proces Group
 Definition
  1. Develop Project Charter
  2. Identify Stakeholders 
Term
Planning Process Group
 Definition
  1. Develop Project Management Plan
  2. Collect Requirements
  3. Define Scope
  4. Create WBS
  5. Define Activities
  6. Sequence Activities
  7. Estimate Activity Resources
  8. Estimate Activity Duration
  9. Develop Schedule
  10. Estimate Cost
  11. Determine Budget
  12.  Plan Quality
  13. Develop Human Resource Plan
  14. Plan Communication
  15. Plan Risk Management
  16. Identify Risk
  17. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
  18. Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
  19. Plan Risk Response
  20. Plan Procurement
Term
Executing Process Group
 Definition
  1. Direct and Manage Project Execution
  2. Perform Quality Assurance
  3. Acquire Project Team
  4. Develop Project Team
  5. Manage Project Team
  6. Distribute Information
  7. Manage Stakeholder Expectations
  8. Conduct Procurement 
Term
Monitoring and Controlling Process Group
 Definition
  1. Monitor and Control Project Work
  2. Perform Integrated Change Control
  3. Verify Scope
  4. Control Scope
  5.  Control Schedule
  6. Control Costs
  7. Perform Quality Control
  8. Report Performance
  9. Monitor and Control Risks
  10. Administer Procurement
Term
Closing Process Group
 Definition
  1. Close Project or Phase
  2. Close Procurement 
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