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Definition
| warm material rises and cold sinks creating a cycle |
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Definition
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| thick and less dense (lighter) |
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| The layers of the earth include... |
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Definition
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| The inner core of the earth is... |
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Definition
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| the outer core of the earth is... |
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Definition
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| The name of the person who described the supercontinent is... |
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Definition
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| Scientists use these to learn about earth's interior |
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Definition
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| The name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago |
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Term
| What is a divergent plate boundary? |
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Definition
| this is where tectonic plates are separating |
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Term
| What is a convergent plate boundary? |
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Definition
| This is where tectonic plates are coming together/colliding. |
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Term
| What is a transform plate boundary? |
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Definition
| this is where tectonic plates are sliding past each other |
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Term
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Definition
| the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle |
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Term
| Convection currents in the ______ cause the tectonic plates of the ______ to move |
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Definition
first answer = mantle
second answer = crust |
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Term
| What is the Theory of Plate Tectonics? |
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Definition
| It explains what causes both earthquakes and volcanoes |
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Term
| An earthquake is caused by ... |
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Definition
| the sudden release of energy |
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Term
| What is Continental Drift? |
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Definition
| The movement of the continents due to the tectonic plates very slowly floating on the magma |
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Term
| Most earthquakes occur near... |
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Definition
| the edges of Earth's tectonic plates |
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Term
| When one plate is forced under another this is called a .... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the type of scientist who studies earthquakes? |
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Definition
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Term
| List 3 pieces of evidence to support the theory of continental drift |
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Definition
1. close fit of continental coastlines
2. similar fossils on different continents
3. matching of glacial grooves on different continents |
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Term
| What is a mid ocean ridge? |
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Definition
| a long, seismically active submarine ridge system situated in the middle of an ocean basin and marking the site of the upwelling of magma associated with seafloor spreading. An example is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. |
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Term
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Definition
| a transverse or longitudinal earthquake wave that travels through the interior of the earth |
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Definition
| A seismic wave that travels across the surface of the Earth as opposed to through it. Surface waves usually have larger amplitudes and longer wavelengths than body waves, and they travel more slowly than body waves do. |
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Definition
| a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust. |
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Definition
| the science that deals with the earth's physical structure and substance, its history, and the processes that act on it. |
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Term
| What is a mid ocean trench? |
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Definition
| Oceanic crust is formed at an oceanic ridge, while the lithosphere is subducted back into the asthenosphere at trenches. The oceanic trenches are hemispheric-scale long but narrow topographic depressions of the sea floor. They are also the deepest parts of the ocean floor. |
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Term
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Definition
| The region of the interior of the Earth between the core (on its inner surface) and the crust (on its outer) |
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Term
| What is the Earth's core? |
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Definition
| Earth's outer core is a liquid layer about 2,266 km (1,408 mi) thick composed of iron and nickel that lies above Earth's solid inner core and below its mantle. |
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Term
| Describe the Earth's crust. |
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Definition
| The crust is divided into two types: oceanic crust and continental crust. Oceanic crust, found under the ocean floor, is made of dense rocks such as basalt. It is about 7 kilometers (4 miles) thick. Continental crust, found under land masses, is made of less dense rocks such as granite. Its thickness varies between 10 and 75 kilometers (6 to 47 miles). |
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Term
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Definition
| the molten, fluid rock that issues from a volcano or volcanic vent |
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Definition
| molten material beneath or within the earth's crust, from which igneous rock is formed. |
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Term
| What are the two main categories of seismic waves? |
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Definition
| body waves and surface waves |
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Term
| What is the name of the device that measures earth seismic movement |
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Definition
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| What forms when two continental tectonic plates collide? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake |
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Term
| What are the two sub-categories of body waves? |
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Definition
| primary (or p) waves and secondary (or s)waves |
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Term
| What is the Richter scale? |
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Definition
| a numerical scale for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake on the basis of seismograph oscillations |
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Term
| What is meant by an earthquakes magnitude? |
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Definition
| Magnitude is based on measurement of the maximum motion recorded by a seismograph |
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Term
| What is meant by earthquake intensity? |
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Definition
| Intensity is the severity of damage caused by an earthquake shaking. It is assessed using a descriptive scale |
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Term
| What does the Mercalli scale measure? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the Richter scale measure? |
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Definition
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