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| two means by which earth grew |
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| gravitational attraction & collision |
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| products of plate boundary |
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| continental drift, mts, open/close oceans |
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| lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere |
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| time before present; numerical |
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| spontaneous emission of particles from the nucleus at an exponential rate |
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| time for 1/2 remaining parents to change into stable daughters |
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| emission of alpha particles |
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| 2N+2P; atomic # goes down by 2; mass goes down by 4 |
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| emission of beta particles |
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| loss of an electron from 'splitting' a neutron; atomic goes up by 1; atomic mass remains the same |
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| determine # of half-lives that have passed from the parent:daughter ratio, multiply by length of half-life |
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| produced from N14 in upper atmosphere; captured neutrons produced by cosmic rays; found in living tissue; used to determine age |
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| 5,730 years to date geologically recent events |
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