Term
| What hormone is suppressed less effectively in patients with ulcers? |
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Definition
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Term
| What regulates growth hormone synthesis? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What regulates growth hormone secretion? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an anti-angiogenesis factor |
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Term
| What is the effect of passive rectal distension? |
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Definition
| increases peristaltic waves and relaxes internal anal sphincter |
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Term
| What anesthetic agent can cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to the time spent in diastole as heart rate increases? |
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Definition
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Term
| What receptor is both voltage and ligand-gated? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do carotid sinus afferents lead? |
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Definition
| to CN IX, then to the nucleus of the solitary tract |
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Term
| How does nitrous oxide cause an erection? |
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Definition
| NO -> guanylate cyclase -> cGMP -> decrease in intracellular calcium -> smooth muscle relaxation |
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Term
| What is used to test for a gastrinoma? |
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Definition
| secretin (increases gastrin from a gastrinoma but not fromt he antrum) |
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Term
| If the GFR is constant, what is the concentration of inulin in the urine dependent upon? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cells make lysozyme? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cells make peroxidase? |
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Definition
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Term
| What senses tension on a muscle? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| K cells, in response to intraluminal glucose and fatty acids |
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Term
| What molecule is used to (approximately) measure renal blood flow? |
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Definition
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Term
| What senses slowly-adapting pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
| What senses pressure and is quickly-adapting? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone causes lower esophageal sphincter relaxation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What phase of sleep is characterized by bursts of sawtooth waves? |
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Definition
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Term
| From what nerve does the palmar cutaneous branch derive? |
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Definition
| median nerve - this part doesn't pass through the carpal tunnel |
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Term
| What two things do parietal cells secrete? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percentage of total body weight is water? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| When does the growth of spiral arteries occur? |
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Definition
| first 13-14 days of the menstrual cycle |
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Term
| What does it mean if the urinary sodium concentration is less than 20mEq/L? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does it mean if the urinary sodium concentration is greater than 40mEq/L and there is oliguria? |
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Definition
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Term
| What can inhibit the action of ADH on the collecting duct? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is in plasma that is not in serum? |
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Definition
| fibrinogen, factor II, factor V, factor VIII |
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Term
|
Definition
| I cells of duodenum and jejunum |
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Term
| What happens to oxygen use as blood flow to the kidney increases? |
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Definition
| increases because increased RPF leads to increased GFR, which means more work for the kidney |
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Term
| What reaction does ACTH stimulate? |
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Definition
| the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone (by cholesterol desmolase) |
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Term
| What parts of the brain get sensory information from both ears? |
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Definition
| inferior colliculus, lateral lemniscus, medial geniculate, superior olive |
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Term
| What steroid is made in the zona glomerulosa? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What steroid is made in the zona fasiculata? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What steroid is made in the zona reticularis? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What molecule on platelets binds to vWF? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Where is acetylcholine made in the brain? |
|
Definition
| basal nucleus of Meynert, medial septum, diagonal band complex, striatum |
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|
Term
| What's an average cardiac output? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What's a normal effective renal plasma flow? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the mean systemic filling pressure? |
|
Definition
| extent to which circulatory system is filled |
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|
Term
| What does it mean for an insulator to have a larger space constant? |
|
Definition
| increased passive spread of electrical flow, which translates into a faster action potential for neurons |
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|
Term
| What is the normal bone marrow myeloid:erythroid ratio? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What hormone is decreased in Addison's disease? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What regulates migrating myoelectric complexes in the intestines? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What can directly inhibit pancreatic insulin secretion? |
|
Definition
| alpha-2 receptor agonists |
|
|
Term
| What are GnRH, FSH, and LH levels post-menopause? |
|
Definition
| GnRH is high, LH is high, FSH is high, estrogen is low |
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|
Term
| What binds tissue factor in the extrinsic pathway? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Is adeonsine a vasodilator or vasoconstrictor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What transporter in the proximal tubule reabsorbs phosphate? |
|
Definition
| sodium-phosphate contransporter (resorbs 80%) |
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|
Term
| What cross-links fibrin to form a stronger clot? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What primarily controls ventillation rate? |
|
Definition
| CO2 acting on central chemoreceptors |
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|
Term
| What type of nerve are preganglionic autonomic fibers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of nerve are postganglionic autonomic fibers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What disease results from a defect in the neural network of the myenteric plexus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two agents can be used to measure total body water? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hormone can increase urinary sodium excretion? |
|
Definition
| atrial natriuretic factor |
|
|
Term
| What hormone does ischemic renal tissue secrete a lot of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What atrial wave occurs during isovolumentric relaxation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does erythropoietin stimulate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the air remaining after a passive expiration called? |
|
Definition
| functional reserve capacity |
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|
Term
| What two hormones are structurally related to glucagon? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Do levels of 2,3-BPG increase or decrease with decreased red blood cell glycolysis? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| When does crossing over occur in spermatogenesis? |
|
Definition
| during prophase I, meiosis of the primary spermatocyte |
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|
Term
| What hormone peaks at the end of the follicular phase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you calculate MCV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to the absorption of urea in the collecting duct when ADH increases? |
|
Definition
| increases to maintain high concentration gradient |
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Term
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Definition
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