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| French anatomist who identified the part of the brain primarily associated with producing spoken language |
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| Physiologist who studied the autonomic nervous system, including "flight or fight" reactions; investigated homeostasis; and with bard, proposed the Cannon-Bard theory of emotions |
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| Demonstrated that simple learning behavior in sea snails (Aplysia) is associated with changes in neurotransmission |
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| Proposed a theory that emotion-producing stimuli generate physical reactions, which are in turn perceived as felt emotions |
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| Studied loss of normal fear and rage reactions in monkeys resulting from damage to temporal lobes; also studied the amygdala's role in emotions |
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| Russian neurologist who studied how brain damage leads to impairment in sensory, motor, and language functions |
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| Studied severe anterograde amnesia in H.M., a patient whose hippocampus and temporal lobes were removed surgically to control epilepsy. |
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| Demonstrated existence of pleasure center in the brain using "self-stimulation" studies in rats |
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| Canadian neurosurgeon who used electrodes and electrical stimulation techniques to "map" out different parts of the brain during surgery |
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| Proposed a theory of emotionality that holds that emotion are differentiated by their cognitive content, rather than by physiological responses |
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| Schachter, S. and Singer, J. |
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| English physiologist who first inferred the existence of the synapse |
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| Sperry, R. and Gazzaniga, M. |
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| German neurologist who identified the part of the brain primarily associated with understanding spoken language |
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