Term
| In middle aged overweight subjects, an intervention was done to decrease weight, total fat intake, saturated fat intake, and increas fiber intake and exercise. The cumulative incidence of Diabetes in the intervention group was 11%, while it was 23% in the control group. Thus the risk of diabetes was decreased by 58% by changing lifestyle. |
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Definition
| type 2 diabetes can be prevented by changing lifestyles of high-risk subjects |
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Term
| Research comparing Atkins vs. conventional diet findings about weight loss: |
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Definition
| showed that Atkins diet subjects had lost significantly more weight at 3 months, and at 6 months, but by 12 months there was no difference in weight loss. |
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Term
| Improvements in TG and HDL were better with what diet? |
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Definition
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Term
| With which diet did insulin sensitivity increase and diastolic blood pressure decrease? |
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Definition
| both atkins and conventional diet |
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Term
| dietary adherence was poor for both groups |
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Definition
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Term
| LDL initially increased with the ___ diet at 3 months, but was back to normal by 12 months. |
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Definition
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Term
| weight watchers vs. self help study showed that people on weight watchers lost more weight than those in the self help group. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the source of weight loss while on the Atkin's diet? |
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Definition
The ratio of glucagon/insulin will determine if your body acts in the fasted or fed state.
- with Atkin's you have absense of insulin, so there is excess release of fatty acids from adipose tisssue even though the person is not starving
- these fatty acids get transported bound to albumin to the muscle and then to the mitochondria where they undergo beta oxidation and then enter into gluconeogenesis
- beta oxidation makes acetyl coA which combines with oxaloacetate so it can enter into TCA cycle
- if not enough oxaloacetate, the excess acetyl coA forms ketone bodies |
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Term
| Using the Framingham Points Scores to assess risk for coronary heart disease, any score below ___% is acceptable and the patient would not qualify for aggresive treatment. |
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Definition
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Term
| Women are protected to a degree from coronary heart disease, until ____, after this their risk is the same as men's risk. |
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Definition
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Term
| If anyone has 4 or more of the following parameters they are considered to have Metaabolic Syndrome: |
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Definition
- Abdominal obesity (men greater than 40 inches, women greater than 35 inches)
- triglycerides: greater than or equal to 150mg/dL
- HDL: less than 40 mg/dL for men, less than 50 mg/dL for women
- blood pressure greater than or equal to 135/85 mm Hg
- fasting glucose: greater than or equal to 110 mg/dL |
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Term
| If you have risk equivalent for CHD, your goal for LDL is: |
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Definition
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Term
| If you have two risk factors for CHD, your LDL goal is: |
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Definition
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Term
| If you have 0-1 risk factor for CHD, your LDL goal is: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main risk factor for developing CHD? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ages for increased risk for heart disease for males and females: |
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Definition
45 years old for men
55 years old for women |
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