Term
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Definition
| don't supply energy; important cofactors in metabolic reactions i.e. the vitamins and minerals in our diet. |
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Term
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Definition
| enzymes of metabolism use these vitamins as coenzymes to help form active enzymes i.e. include the "8 B's," folic acid, biotin, pantothenic acid, and C (ascorbic acid). |
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Term
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Definition
| A, D, E, K - all other vitamins are water soluble. |
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Term
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Definition
| major mins require more than 100 mg/day (i.e. calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium) while trace require less than 100 mg/day (i.e. iron, zinc, iodine, chromium, selenium, fluoride, copper, manganese, molybdenum). |
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Term
| Calcium (relating to estrogen) |
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Definition
| since estrogen aids in bone calcium absorption and since bone density relates to menstrual regularity, the cessation of menstruation removes estrogen's protective effect on bone making young women more vulnerable to calcium loss and decreased bone mass. |
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Term
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Definition
| vitamin-like compounds shown to impart health benefits; found in fruits and vegetables and correspond to color. |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of a nutrient absorbed (that is usable by the body) compared to the amount ingested; absorption is effected by the other nutrients present. |
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Term
| Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) |
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Definition
| expanded system for determining the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) and other nutrient-based reference values. Reference values can be used in planning and assessing diets. |
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Term
| Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) |
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Definition
| nutrient intake estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a particular life-stage and gender group. |
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Term
| Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) |
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Definition
| average daily dietary intake level sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all healthy individuals in a particular life-stage and gender group. |
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Term
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Definition
| recommended intake level based on observed or experimentally determined approximations or estimates of nutrient intake by a group of healthy people assumed to be adequate; used when RDA cannot be found. |
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Term
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Definition
| energy, simple sugars, lipids = NO RDA, carbs = 130 g/day, protein = 0.8 g/kg of body weight. There are different nutrient RDAs for different age groups and genders. |
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Term
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Definition
| amount recommended for daily consumption, used on food labels to represent the % recommendation for the various nutrients. |
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Term
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Definition
| more than ~1000% of RDA; may develop rash or other problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| less than 70% of RDA; dry skin, anemia. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when 2 products are equal but marketers try to make one sound better than the other. |
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Term
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Definition
| foods containing less than 0.5 g fat/serving. |
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Term
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Definition
| contains less than 3 g fat/serving; deceiving due to small serving sizes. |
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Term
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Definition
| contains at least 1/3 less kcal or 50% less fat that the reference product. |
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Term
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Definition
| contains less than 5 kcal/serving or less than 40 kcal/serving. |
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