Term
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Definition
| Organisms such as plants, which make their own food. |
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Term
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Definition
| Organisms that obtain energy from the foods they consume. |
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Term
| ATP (adenosine triphosphate) |
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Definition
| One of the principal chemical compounds that living things us to store energy. |
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Term
| ADP (adenosine diphosphate) |
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Definition
| Has a structure similar to ATP but ADP has two phosphate groups instead of three. |
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Term
| RELEASING ENERGY FROM ATP |
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Definition
| The energy stored in ATP is released when ATP is converted into ADP and a phosphate group. Because a cell can add and subtract a third phosphate group, it has a way of storing and releasing energy as needed. ATP carries just enough energy to power a variety of cellular activities. |
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Term
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Definition
6CO2 + 6H2O Light C6 H12 O6 + 6O2
--------->
Chlorphyll |
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Term
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Definition
| Uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy sugars. |
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Term
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Definition
| the "THINGS" inside a chloroplast that absorbs sunlight, the plants principal pigment is chlorophyll. |
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Term
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Definition
| Saclike membranes that are arranged in stacks known as grana. The thylakoids contain clusters of chlorophyll and other pigments and protein known as photosystems that are able to capture the energy of sunlight |
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Term
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Definition
| Region outside the grana where the light INdependent reactions take place. |
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Term
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Definition
| uses no energy, substances move along a concentration gradient. |
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Term
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Definition
when a material moves from a high concentration to a low concentration.
4 types of active transport:
Endocytosis
phagocytosis
exocytosis
contracile vacoule |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of taking a material into the cell by means of infoldings or pockets of the cell membrane(proteins). |
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Term
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Definition
| extensions of the cytoplasm that surround and engulf large particles |
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Term
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Definition
| The membrane of the cell vacoule surrounding the material fuses with the cell membrane forcing contents out of the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| used to remove excess water from a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Solution that has higher concentration of solute then surrounding solution |
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Term
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Definition
| Solution that has a lower concentration of solute then surrounding solution. |
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Term
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Definition
two solution have same solute concentrations.
( ) |
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Term
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Definition
| When red blood cell is exposed to water it will burst. |
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Term
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Definition
| When plant cell exposed to water it will not explode because the cell wall prohibits it. |
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Term
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Definition
| Animal cell will loose water and shrink when it has to give off water. |
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Term
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Definition
| when plant cell has to give water and the cell membrane will seperate from the cell wall. |
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Term
| How is co2 obtained during photosythesis |
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Definition
| it is obtained through leaf openings called stomata |
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Term
| What are the pigments and what color do they suck in |
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Definition
Chloraphyll-Absorbs red and blue
Carotene-orange
xanthophyls- yellow |
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Term
| Explain what happens in light dependent reaction |
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Definition
| light is absorbed by pigments and H20 is needed and this yeilds 4 hydrogen ions an atp an nadph and a waste O2 |
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Term
| Cellular resperation equation |
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Definition
| O2 + C6 H12 O6 -----> Co2 H20 36Atp(including atp's from glycolysis) |
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Term
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Definition
| Partially breaks down glucose with using no oxygen. Occurs in cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| Partially breaks down glucose first then uses oxygen to fully break down glucose to realease all its energy. |
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Term
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Definition
-occurs in mammal muscle cells
-Turns pyrivic acid into lactic acid waste. |
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Term
| How to get some sed 36ATP |
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Definition
1. glycolysis occurs and produces net 2 atp
2. O2 is used to completly break down pyruvic acid. |
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Term
| What are the 3 things that the cell theory states? |
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Definition
-All living things are composed of cells.
-Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
-New cells are produced from existing cells. |
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Term
| Difference between prokaryotes and euaryotes |
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Definition
Prokaryotic are small and all bacteria are prokayotic cells
Eukaryotic cells are larger can be plant or animal, eukaryotic cells have organelles that perform cellular functions. |
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Term
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Definition
Contains genitic information
nucleolus is where ribosomes are produced
cromotin is in nucleus this is genitic information in the from of chromosomes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Enzymes in the golgi apparatus attach carbohydrates and lipids to proteins. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells----->Tissues------->Organs------>Organ systems |
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Term
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Definition
| cucumber things that play a role in cell division |
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Term
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Definition
| break down some sed waste in cell that have enzymes in them. |
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Term
| Endoplasmic Reticulam (rough and smooth) |
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Definition
smooth make lipids
rough makes proteins and has ribosomes on it. |
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