Term
| What are the three levels of Prosody? |
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Definition
1. Intonation
2. Loudness
3. Tempo |
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Term
| What are the three levels of Paralinguistics? |
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Definition
1. Emotion
2. Voice quality
3. Speaking Style |
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Term
| The distribution of various levels of stress across a syllable chain |
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Definition
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Term
| The degree of prominence associated with a particular syllable. |
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Definition
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Term
| English is stress-timed and ____________ structured in relation to the stressed syllables in an utterance |
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Definition
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Term
| Rhythm is important to the understanding of speech because it.... |
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Definition
| helps to predict upcoming info. |
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Term
| Stress on a particular syllable in a word; contrasts a compound noun with a noun phrase. |
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Definition
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Term
| Vocal pitch falls across clauses or sentences. |
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Definition
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Term
| The pitch begins ____________ on the first words of a sentence. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pitch declination and Phrase-final lengthening helps listeners recognize... |
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Definition
| major syntactic groupings of words. |
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Term
| New information is spoken with a ____________ of the critical word and a higher fundamental frequency. |
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Definition
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Term
| Uses stress to mark a word, phrase, or clause that contradicts or contrasts with one that was previously started or implied in the discourse. |
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Definition
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Term
| Words receiving contrastive stress have a ____________ duration, a ____________ fundamental frequency, and a ____________ intensity. |
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Definition
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Term
| Denotes the regulation of fundamental frequency to produce contrasts; part of the phonemic structure used to distinguish words. |
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Definition
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Term
| Tempo includes ____________, ____________, and ____________. |
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Definition
Pause
Lengthening
Speaking Rate |
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Term
| ____________ affects tempo |
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Definition
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Term
| The assignment of meaning to words as they are heard. |
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Definition
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Term
| Used by infants in the babbling stages of development. |
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Definition
| Final syllable lengthening |
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Term
| T/F: As speaking rate increases, the durations of the components of speech necessarily get smaller. |
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Definition
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Term
| The perceived magnitude or strength of sound |
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Definition
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Term
| The reduction in the articulatory movements for a particular sound. |
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Definition
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Term
| ____________ can especially be produced at rapid speaking rates. |
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Definition
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Term
| Children use ____________ characteristics of a language before they master the ____________ aspects. |
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Definition
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Term
| Prosodic structure provides a structure for the.... |
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Definition
| phonetic interpretation of adult utterances. |
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Term
| The ____________ is necessary unit to describe stress patterns and the phonetic characteristics of larger units. |
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Definition
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Term
| Auditory "force" upon the ear. |
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Definition
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Term
| Has a loosely specified internal structure and an auditory impact in the flow of speech |
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Definition
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Term
| A syllable is made up of a ____________ and a ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| A rhyme is made up of a ____________ and a ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sonority is a ____________ feature meaning the sounds have degrees of sonority. |
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Definition
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Term
| ____________ are usually the sonorant crests because they are the most sonorant of all sounds. |
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Definition
| Vowels, but consonants can occur as crests. |
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Term
Anger-
Vocal Fundamental Frequency:
Vocal Intensity:
Tempo: |
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Definition
increase
increase
moderate increase |
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Term
Fear-
Vocal Fundamental Frequency:
Vocal Intensity:
Tempo: |
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Definition
moderate increase
moderate increase
moderate increase |
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Term
Grief/Sorrow/Depression
Vocal Fundamental Frequency:
Vocal Intensity:
Tempo: |
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Definition
Moderate decrease
moderate decrease
moderate decrease |
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Term
| Pause duration ____________ with the complexity of a communicative tasks. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pause are ____________ in explanations than in descriptions. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pause durations consistently ____________ under anxiety. |
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Definition
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Term
| Social Interaction variables that affect pauses are: (3) |
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Definition
1. The presence of an audience
2. the absence of an audience
3. audience sensitivity |
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Term
| T/F: Individuals adjust their style to communicative setting |
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Definition
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Term
| The kind of speech that is used in a deliberate attempt to increase intelligibility or understanding |
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Definition
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Term
| The production of sound is influenced by other sounds around it. |
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Definition
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Term
| Diacritic marks are used in ____________ transcription. |
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Definition
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Term
| Represent a brief sound that precedes the main symbol in a transcription. |
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Definition
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Term
| Fronting applies to place of ____________ articulation. |
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Definition
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