Term
| In the pancreas, beta cells produce... |
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Definition
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Term
| In the pancreas, delta cells produce... |
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Definition
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Term
The major regulators of blood glucose...
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Definition
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Term
| Insulin main release stimulus |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| promote storage of glucose (increase in glucose uptake (GLUT 4) and glycogen synthesis) |
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Term
| What types of cells do require and don't require insulin for glucose uptake? |
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Definition
only muscle and fat cells depend on insulin
liver, brain, and red blood cells do not |
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Term
| Glucagon release stimulus |
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Definition
| hunger (=low blood sugar) |
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Term
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Definition
Group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar
Elevated levels of glucose (hyperglycemia) lead to spillage of glucose into the urine
Diabetes mellitus means "sweet urine" |
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Term
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Definition
=insulin-dependent diabetes=juvenile onset diabetes
caused by destruction of B cells
Absolutely dependent on insulin replacement |
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Term
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Definition
=insulin-dependent diabetes=adult onset diabetes
caused by target cell resistance to insulin (InsR decreased, signaling defect)
mostly obsese patients
Obesity appears to reduce the number of insulin receptors
can be treated with oral hypoglycemic drugs |
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Term
| Short term complications of diabetes |
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Definition
Hyperglycemia
Ketoacidosis |
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Term
| Long term complications of diabetes |
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Definition
Disruptions in blood flow->cardiovascular complications->amputations
Microvascular disease: blood flow to microvasculature lowered (kidney, eye)
Retinopathy-blindess
Nephropathy-primary cause of morbidity and mortality
Neuropathy-nerve damage
Erectile dysfunction |
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