Term
| 3 rapid acting insulin analogs ? |
|
Definition
L A G
Insulin Lispro
Insulin Aspart
Insulin Glulisine |
|
|
Term
| Ex of short-acting insulin ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ex of long-acting insulins ? |
|
Definition
Insulin Glargine
Insulin Detemir
These two insulins have no peak |
|
|
Term
| What is name of protein added to intermediate insulin (NPH) ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Trt severe hypoglycemia
2) Radiology of the bowel
3) Beta-blocker poisoning |
|
|
Term
| 3 drugs other than insulin that cause hypoglycemia ? |
|
Definition
E S B
Ethanol
Beta-blockers
Salicyclates |
|
|
Term
| Name 2 first generation sulfonylureas ? |
|
Definition
Tolbutamide
Chlorpropamide |
|
|
Term
| Adverse effects of Chlorpropamide ? |
|
Definition
Hypoglycemia
Hyperemic flush with alcohol ingestion
SIADH |
|
|
Term
| 3 exs of second generation sulfonylureas ? |
|
Definition
G G G
Glyburide
Glipizide
Glimepiride |
|
|
Term
| Sulfonylureas and Meglitinides have what same mechanism of action ? |
|
Definition
| Stimulate insulin release by binding to SUR1 and inhibiting ATP-sensitive K+ channel |
|
|
Term
| Which Meglitinide is more likely to cause hypoglycemia as an adverse effect ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Only Biguanide to trt diabetes Type 2 ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Exs of 2 Thiazolidinediones ?
and adverse effects ? |
|
Definition
Pioglitazone
Rosiglitazone
Cause fluid retention, weight gain, and edema
Cause or exacerbate CHF in some patients |
|
|
Term
| Which anti-diabetes drug class can cause frequent GI effects like bloating ? |
|
Definition
| Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors |
|
|
Term
| Which anti-diabetes drug can cause lactic acidosis and impair B12 absorption ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 effects of parathyroid hormone secretion ? |
|
Definition
Increase plasma calcium
Decrease plasma phosphate |
|
|
Term
| How does moderate and severe Mg affect PTH secretion ? |
|
Definition
Moderate decrease in Mg -> enhance PTH secretion
Severe decrease in Mg -> Decrease in PTH secretion |
|
|
Term
| PTH affects both osteoclasts and osteoblasts ? |
|
Definition
Yes, by activity on ligand RANKL, a TNF cytokine
High levels of PTH cause bone resorption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Is a monoclonal antibody and RANK ligand inhibitor and inhibits bone resorption. Used to trt osteoporosis.
Adverse effect is increased risk of infections |
|
|
Term
| What form of Vit D is used to treat psoriasis ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Overdose of Vit D causes ? |
|
Definition
| Hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia |
|
|
Term
| Another name for Vit D3 ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do Bisphosphonates work ? |
|
Definition
Decrease farnensyl pyrophosphate synthesis
Useful in trting osteoporosis, Paget's disease of bone, and malignancy associated with hypercalcemia
Exs are Alendronate, Pamidronate, Zoledronic acid, etc... |
|
|
Term
| Adverse effect of Bisphosphonates ? |
|
Definition
1) Erosive esophagitis, can be prevented by two easy ways
2) Decreased bone cell activity
3) Osteonecrosis of jaw and fractures |
|
|
Term
| What can be given as trt of htn in osteoporosis patient ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exs of MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors) ? |
|
Definition
P I T S
Phenelzine
Isocarboxazid
Tranylcypromine
Selegiline |
|
|
Term
| Adverse effects of MAOIs ? |
|
Definition
Drowsiness
Orthostatic hypotension
Blurred vision
Dry mouth Dysuria
Constipation
Also associated with SEROTONIN SYNDROME and CHESSE REACTION |
|
|
Term
| Cheese reaction occurs b/c ? |
|
Definition
Patients on MAO Inhibitor cannot degrade tyramine
Get release of catecholamines that cause tachycardia, htn, arrhythmias, seizures, stroke, etc... |
|
|
Term
| OTC cold preparations like psudoephedrine should not be given with what drugs ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Serotonin Syndrome is due to ? |
|
Definition
Any drug combination that increases serotonin but usually due to
MAOIs given with SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs or Meperidine |
|
|
Term
| Antipsychotic drugs block what receptors ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What pathway projects from hypothalamus to pituitary ? |
|
Definition
Tuberoinfundibular pathway
Dopamine released from here inhibits prolactin secretion |
|
|
Term
| Exs of 4 classical antipsychotics ? |
|
Definition
C F H T
Chlorpromazine
Fluphenazine
Haloperidol
Thioridazine |
|
|
Term
| MOA of classical antipsychotic drugs ? |
|
Definition
| Block D2 receptors in the mesolimbic pathway |
|
|
Term
| Which antipsychotics do not have antiemetic effects ? |
|
Definition
| Aripiprazole and Thioridazine |
|
|
Term
| Trt for tardive dyskinesia ? |
|
Definition
Clozapine
Diazepam may help |
|
|
Term
| Drugs to trt neurolpetic malignant syndrome (NMS)? |
|
Definition
| Dantrolene and Bromocriptine |
|
|
Term
| What antipsychotic can cause agranulocytosis ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antipsychotic causes retinal deposits ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 antipsychotics show cardiac toxicity by prolonging QTc ? |
|
Definition
| Thioridazine and Ziprasidone |
|
|
Term
| Most prescribed antipsychotic in USA ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antipsychotic is Category B ? |
|
Definition
|
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