Term
| This hormone decreases GnRH secretion and so decreases spermatogenesis and ovulation ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If estrogens are combined with P-450 inducers like Rifampin, then effect is ? |
|
Definition
| Decreased contraceptive efficacy |
|
|
Term
| Tamoxifen and Raloxifene are what type of drugs ? |
|
Definition
| SERMs (selective estrogen receptor modulators) |
|
|
Term
| Absolute contraindications to estrogen use ? |
|
Definition
1) History of thromboembolism
2) Breast and endometrial cancer
3) Pregnancy
4) Liver disease |
|
|
Term
| What drug is an antagonist at breast but agonist at bone ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drug is an estrogen receptor antagonist at all tissues, and used in trt of breast cancer in tamoxifen resistant pts ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
L A E
Letrozole
Anastrozole
Exemestane (an irreversible aromatase inhibitor) |
|
|
Term
| What drug is an estrogen antagonist in hypothalamus and in anterior pituitary, and use trt infertility ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
RU 486 (Mifepristone)
Danazol |
|
|
Term
| Use of RU 486 (Mifepristone) ? |
|
Definition
Is a comopetitive inhibitor of progesterone and glucocorticoid receptors
Used as an abortifacient, usually given with PG-E or PG-F to increase myometrial contraction |
|
|
Term
| Danazol had what adverse effects ? |
|
Definition
| Hepatitis - abnormal liver function tests |
|
|
Term
| What enzyme converts testosterone to digydroxytestosterone ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Excessive use of androgens can cause ? |
|
Definition
| Feminization (gynecomastia, testicular shrinkage, infertility) due to conversion of exogenous testosterone to estrogen |
|
|
Term
| Exs of androgen receptor antagonists ? |
|
Definition
F B N
Flutamide
Bicalutamide
Nilutamide |
|
|
Term
| Adverse effect of Finasteride ? |
|
Definition
| Gynecomastia and impotence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Trts advanced prostate cancer that is resistant to 1st line drugs and
trts Cushing's disease |
|
|
Term
| Two exs of GnRH agonists ? |
|
Definition
L G
Leuprolide
Gonadorelin
Continuous dose (not pulsatile dose) will produce reversible medical castration |
|
|
Term
| Trts BPH and male pattern baldness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Queen Anne's sign (thinning of hair in lateral third of eye brow) indicates what ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 classes of drugs useful in hyperthyroidism ? |
|
Definition
T I B
Thioamides (Propythiouracil and Methimazole, are goitrogens)
Iodine and Iodide salts (Lugol solution and potassium iodide)
Beta blocker (propanolol) |
|
|
Term
| Why can Methimazole not be used to treat thyroid storm ? |
|
Definition
| It does not inhibit 5'-deiodinase in conversion of T4 to T3 |
|
|
Term
| Only medical therapy that produces permanent reduction in thyroid activity ? |
|
Definition
Radioactive iodine (131 I)
Adverse effect is hypothyroidism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prednisone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, beclomethasone, etc... |
|
|
Term
| Two corticosteroid inhibitors ? |
|
Definition
| Mifepristone and Spironolactone |
|
|
Term
| Cortisol (hydrocortisone) method of action ? |
|
Definition
| Affects transcription and translation of DNA |
|
|
Term
| Some other effects of cortisol ? |
|
Definition
CNS effects, increased intracranial pressure, suppression of ACTH and other hormones, cause peptic ulcers
increase RBCs and platelets
renal function is impaired
development of fetal lungs |
|
|
Term
| Two synthetic glucocorticoids that can be given via aerosol ? |
|
Definition
Beclomethasone
Triamcinolone |
|
|
Term
| Which 2 drugs give you anti-inflammatory effects but not Na+ or K+ effects (salt-retaining effects) ? |
|
Definition
Triamcinolone
Dexamethasone |
|
|
Term
| Which 2 drugs give you high salt-retaining effects but no anti-inflammatory effects ? |
|
Definition
Fludrocortisone
Aldosterone |
|
|
Term
| What drug is used to stimulate lung maturation in fetus ? |
|
Definition
| IM steroids, usually dexamethasone |
|
|
Term
| What drug can be given to trt pregnant women with Cushing's ? |
|
Definition
Metyrapone
Adverse effects:
salt and water retention
hirsutism
transient dizziness
GI disturbanecs |
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