Term
|
Definition
| 1st generation H1 antagonist; allergy relief; sleep aid |
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Term
|
Definition
| 2nd generation H1 antagonist; allergy relief |
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Term
|
Definition
| 2nd generation H1 antagonist; allergy relief |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| 2nd generation H1 antagonist; allergy relief |
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Term
|
Definition
| 2nd generation H1 antagonist; allergy relief |
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Term
|
Definition
| 2nd generation H1 antagonist; allergy relief |
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Term
| H1 antagonists (1 first gen, 5 second gen) |
|
Definition
1st gen: diphenhydramine (CNS side effects).
2nd gen: fexofenADINE, loratADINE, desloratADINE, levocetirizine, azelastin. |
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Term
|
Definition
| H2 antagonist; reduce gastric acid; INHIBITS P450 SYSTEM |
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Term
| Which H2 antagonist inhibits the P450 system? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| H2 antagonist; reduce gastric acid |
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Term
|
Definition
| H2 antagonist; reduce gastric acid |
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Term
|
Definition
| H2 antagonist; reduce gastric acid |
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Term
|
Definition
| CimetIDINE, ranitIDINE, nizatIDINE, famotIDINE |
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|
Term
| Which H1 antagonist has CNS side effects? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; bronchodilator; short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; bronchodilator; short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; bronchodilator; LONG-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; bronchodilator; xanthine; oral or IV (aminophylline); rarely used |
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Term
| Beta-2 agonists for asthma (3) |
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Definition
| Albuterol, salmeterol, terbutaline ("ASThma") |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; inhaled corticosteroid (ICS); HIGH potency |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; inhaled corticosteroid (ICS); HIGH potency |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; inhaled corticosteroid (ICS); LOW potency |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; inhaled corticosteroid (ICS); LOW potency |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inhaled corticosteroids (2 high potency, 2 low potency) |
|
Definition
High: FLUticaSONE, [B]udesonIDE.
Low: FLUnisolIDE, [B]eclomethaSONE.
"[B]ird FLU." "ONE is like prednisONE" |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; anti-inflammatory; prophylactic |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; anti-inflammatory; asthma prophylactic |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bronchodilator; muscarinic antagonist |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; bronchodilator + anti-inflam.; CysLTR1 antagonist |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; bronchodilator + anti-inflam.; CysLTR1 antagonist |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; bronchodilator + anti-inflam., 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asthma; anti-inflam.; anti-IgE antibodies |
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|
Term
| Anti-leukotrienes (2 receptor antagonists [LTRA's], 1 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor) |
|
Definition
LTRA's: MonteLUKAST, ZafirLUKAST
5-LO inhibitor: zileuton |
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|
Term
| Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) |
|
Definition
| Antiplatelet; irreversible COX inhibitor |
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Term
|
Definition
| Antiplatelet agent; metabolite = ADP receptor irreversible antagonist (platelet surface) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Antiplatelet; 1st GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonist; MOST POTENT; IV |
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Term
|
Definition
| Antiplatelet; SYNTHETIC PGI2; IV |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-platelet; PDE3 inhibitor (keeps cAMP alive); used for intermittent claudication |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hemostatic; plasminogen inhibitor |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hemostatic; heparin inhibitor |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-coagulant; RAPID via IV (hard to control) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-coagulant; oral; slower than heparin but has adverse drawbacks; metabolized by P450 |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-coagulant; LMWH (therefore, easier dosing). "rin" = heparin |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-coagulant; factor Xa inhibitor. "F_____x = [F]ondaparinu[X]; [F]actor [X]" |
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Term
|
Definition
| Thrombolytic ("clot buster"); recombinant tPA |
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Term
|
Definition
| Thrombolytic ("clot buster"); alternative to tPA |
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Term
|
Definition
| Thrombolytic ("clot buster"); alternative to tPA |
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|
Term
| Antiplatelets (3 oral, 2 IV) |
|
Definition
Oral: Aspirin, clopidogrel, cilostazol.
IV: Abciximab, epoprostenol (PGI2) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Tranexamic acid, protamine sulphate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
HepARIN, warfARIN, enoxApRIN, fondapARINux
("ARIN = without fibrin") |
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|
Term
| Thrombolytics ("clot busters") (3) |
|
Definition
| AlteplASE (tPA), streptoKINASE, uroKINASE |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; reduces cholesterol absorption |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; statin = HMG CoA reductase inhibitor |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; statin = HMG CoA reductase inhibitor |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; statin = HMG CoA reductase inhibitor |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; statin = HMG CoA reductase inhibitor |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; statin = HMG CoA reductase inhibitor |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; statin = HMG CoA reductase inhibitor |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; bile acid resin (USMLE artifact) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; bile acid resin (USMLE artifact) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; ONLY bile acid resin that anyone uses; ↓LDL |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; fibrate = PPAR-α agonist |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; fibrate = PPAR-α agonist |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; vitamin mega-dose; ↑↑HDL |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; vitamin mega-dose |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agents; still in trials; blocks transfer of cholesterol esters/TGs between lipoproteins |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; blocks cholesterol transporter in intestine |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipid lowering agent; drug combo; statin (endogenous) + cholesterol transporter inhibitor (exogenous) |
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|
Term
| Statins (good effects/side effects) |
|
Definition
| Good = ↓↓LDL, ↓TGs. Potential side effects = teratogenic, liver dz, myopathy (soreness to rhabdomyolysis), minor GI sx (cramps, constipation) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Best = COLEsevelam. Unimportant = CHOLEstyramine, COLEstipol |
|
|
Term
| Fibrates (2) (good effects) |
|
Definition
| GemFIBRozil, fenoFIBRATE. PPAR-α agonist = ↓↓VLDL, ↑HDL |
|
|
Term
| Glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) |
|
Definition
| Anti-anginal; vasodilator; organic nitrate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-anginal; vasodilator; organic nitrate |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-anginal; vasodilator; organic nitrate |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-anginal; Class IV Antiarrhythmic; VOCC antagonist |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-anginal; Class II Antiarrhythmic; nonspecific β-blocker |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-anginal; inhibits fatty acid oxidation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-anginal; Class II Antiarrhythmic; β1-antagonist |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Glyceryl trinitrate; isosorbide dinitrate; isosorbide mononitrate. VENOdilators |
|
|
Term
| Sympatholytics for angina (2) |
|
Definition
| Propanolol (nonspecific) and atenolol (β1-antagonist) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; vasodilator; ACE inhibitor |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; vasodilator; ACE inhibitor |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; vasodilator; ACE inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; vasodilator; Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; vasodilator (POTENT); IV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; vasodilator; acts directly on ARTERIOLES; never use alone! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; vasodilator AND diuretic; only use for ACUTE HF with dyspnea at rest |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; diuretic; oral or IV |
|
|
Term
| Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) |
|
Definition
| Heart failure; diuretic; thiazide |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; diuretic; aldosterone antagonist |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; diuretic; aldosterone antagonist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; sympatholytic; Antiarrhythmic; β1-blocker |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; sympatholytic; β1-blocker |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; sympatholytic; combined α/β blocker |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; inotrope; antiarrhythmic (AV block); inhibits Na/K channels; oral/IV |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Sympathomimetic; big increase in contractility with small increase in HR; IV |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Sympathomimetic (mostly dopaminergic but also β-agonist); IV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heart failure; phosphodiesterase inhibitor; IV |
|
|
Term
| RAAS inhibitors (3 ACE inhibitors, 1 ARB) |
|
Definition
ACE inhibitors: captoPRIL, enalaPRIL, lisinoPRIL.
ARB: Losartan |
|
|
Term
| Vasodilators for heart failure (3 ACE inhibitors, 1 ARB, 3 misc) |
|
Definition
ACE inhibitors (warning: potassium-sparing!): CaptoPRIL, enalaPRIL, lisinoPRIL. ACE inhibitors = ARTERIAL dilators.
ARB (not potassium-sparing): Losartan.
Others: Na Nitroprusside, hydralazine, nesiritide (doubles as diuretic). |
|
|
Term
| Diuretics for heart failure (2 aldosterone antagonists, 3 misc) |
|
Definition
| Aldosterone antagonists: SpironolactONE, eplerenONE (warning: potassium-sparing!). ("keeps you from going 'number one'") Misc: NesiritIDE (doubles as vasodilator), furosemIDE, hydrochlorothiazIDE |
|
|
Term
| Sympathomimetics for heart failure (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Class Ia antiarrhythmic. Good for a.fib./v.fib. COMBO due to multiple effects. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Class Ib antiarrhythmic. Great for v.fib. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Class II antiarrhythmic. Great for a.fib. and AV nodal re-entry. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Class II antiarrhythmic. Great for a.fib. and AV nodal re-entry. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Class III antiarrhythmic. Serious side effects = pulmonary fibrosis, liver toxicity, thyroid abnormalities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Class III antiarrhythmic. Fewer side effects than amiodarone, but weaker. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Class III antiarrhythmic. Fewer side effects than amiodarone, but weaker. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Antianginal; VOCC antagonist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Antianginal; Class IV antiarrhythmic; VOCC antagonist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Antiarrhythmic; diagnostic |
|
|
Term
| What are the four main targets of antiarrhythmic drugs? |
|
Definition
| Class I = sodium channels. Class II = β-activation. Class III = potassium channels. Class IV = calcium channels. ("NBKC") |
|
|
Term
| Which antiarrhythmic classes are supraventricular? Ventricular? |
|
Definition
| Supraventricular = II and IV. Ventricular = I and III. ("Even Stephen" = even numbers for Supra) |
|
|
Term
| What are the PRIMARY drugs to remember for each class of antiarrhythmic? |
|
Definition
| Class I = lidocaine. II = propanolol. III = sotalol, bretylium, amiodarone. IV = verapamil. ("3 for 3") |
|
|
Term
| What do organic nitrates dilate: arteries or veins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The first (and worst) statin. 80-fold increase in rhabdomyolysis. |
|
|
Term
| ACE Inhibitors: Contraindications/undesirable effects (hint: CAPTOPRIL) |
|
Definition
| Cough, Angioedema, Proteinuria, Taste changes, hypOtension, Pregnancy, Rash, Increased renin, Lower AngII (and thus, hyperkalemia) |
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