Term
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Definition
| Applied to skin or mucous membranes to desensitize skin prior to applying deeper local anesthetic (surface numbing) |
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Term
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Definition
| Injecting anesthetics deeper into the tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| Injecting local anesthetic into nerves to block conduction of pain. |
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Term
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Definition
| causes vasoconstriction to keep anesthetic in area longer |
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Term
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Definition
decreases the burn when used with lidocaine
- neutralizes acidic environment of infection
- anesthesia works better because of change in pH |
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Term
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Definition
| class of local anesthesia that is used as as topical or injectable (benzocaine, procaine, cocaine) |
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Term
| bezocaine, procaine, cocaine |
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Definition
| three types of ester local anesthetics |
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Term
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Definition
Replaced esters as they have less side effects and longer duration of action
(Lidocaine, prilocaine, ropivacaine) |
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Term
| Lidocaine, prilocaine, ropivacaine |
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Definition
| three examples of amide local anesthetics |
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Term
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Definition
| to ↓ apprehension, ↓ post operative pain, lessening induction/anesthetic doses with smoother recovery period |
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Term
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Definition
| opiod/barbituate used for preop sedation |
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Term
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Definition
| opoid/barbituate given pre and post op for pain relief |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs given to decrease N/V and relax skeletal muscles (Droperidal - Inapsine) |
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Term
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Definition
| two examples of dopamine blockers |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs given to decrease post-op N/V (Phenergan or Promethazine) |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs given to relax skeletal muscles (Anectine – succinylcholine ) |
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Term
| Anectine – succinylcholine |
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Definition
| two examples of neuromuscular blockers |
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Term
| hydroxyzine(Vistaril) lorazepam(Ativan) |
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Definition
| two preop drugs that make patient feel relaxed and then become sedated |
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Term
| drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness, ataxia |
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Definition
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Term
| retrograde amnesia, unsteadiness, drowsiness, abdominal discomfort |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| method of administration for Visteral |
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Term
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Definition
Stops almost all activity in the brain
Causes total analgesia
Causes LOC, amnesia, and paralyzation |
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Term
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Definition
general anesthesia route used for shorter, quicker procedures
When combined with inhalation requires lower doses of inhaled meds witch decrease side effects |
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Term
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Definition
| general anesthesia route used for longer, in-depth procedures |
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Term
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Definition
| general anesthesia route used for hemorrhoids |
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Term
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Definition
route for Barbiturates:
Pentothal, Etomidate, propofol |
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Term
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Definition
route for Benzodiazepines:
Valium, Ativan, Versed |
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Term
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Definition
route for Opioids:
Fentanyl, sufentanil citrate, alfentanil hydrochloride |
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Term
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Definition
| route for Desflurane, enflurane, halothane, isoflurane, nitrous oxide |
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Term
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Definition
| needed to carry pain message in nervous system at spinal cord to brain |
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Term
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Definition
| are small, protein molecules that are natural painkiller produced by cells in your nervous system and other parts of your body. |
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Term
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Definition
| natural painkiller an endogenous opioid derived from the prohormone prodynorphin. It is a neuroactive peptide with potent analgesic effects |
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Term
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Definition
natural painkiller that is a pentapeptide involved in regulating nociception in the body
- internally derived and bind to the body's opioid receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| Pain meds from poppy plant (synthetic, natural) |
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Term
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Definition
| Morphine like drug, produces analgesia & CNS depression |
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Term
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Definition
| Prevent effects of opioids/reverses them |
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Term
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Definition
| act on peripheral level to decrease pain |
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Term
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Definition
| act on CNS to decrease pain |
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Term
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Definition
| with opiod use, if respirations drop below ___ notify MD - may need Narcan |
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Term
COX-2 inhibitors
Ibuprofen & ibuprofen-like (nonsalicylates)
Salicylates
Centrally acting agents |
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Definition
| 4 sub-categories of NSAIDS |
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Term
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Definition
| analgesic that should be given with food, milk, or antacids to decrease harmful GI affects |
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Term
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Definition
| do not use _____ when on NSAIDS |
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Term
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Definition
| inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, has greater anti-inflammatory effects, prolongs bleeding time |
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Term
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Definition
Derived from acetyl salicylic acid
Useful in pain management due to analgesic,
antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects |
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Term
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Definition
| should not be used w/ Hepatic or renal disease, pregnancy and lactation, pre-existing hypo- prothrombinemia, vitamin K deficiency, peptic ulcer, GI irritations, mild diabetes, gout |
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Term
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Definition
| migraine medication that is prescribed when tryptans are not effective |
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Term
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Definition
| a dangerous side effect of glucocorticosteroids is that they can elevate ______ ________ |
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Term
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Definition
| which generation of anti-histimines causes the side-effect of sedation |
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Term
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Definition
| Acetaminophen AKA: Non-salicylates is also known as |
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Term
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Definition
| used to treat acute tylenol overdose to prevent liver damage |
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Term
| Respiratory alkalosis, hemorrhage, confusion, asterixis (flapping tremor), pulm. edema, convulsions, tetany, shock, coma, fever, renal and resp. failure |
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Definition
| signs of very high ASA levels |
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Term
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Definition
| two types of drugs used to stop a migraine in progress |
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Term
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blocker
Antidepressant
antiseizure |
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Definition
| 4 types of drugs to prevent migraines from occuring |
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Term
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Definition
| seratonin stimulator used to stop a migraine |
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Term
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Definition
| three triptan antimigraine medications |
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Term
Physical dependency
Tachycardia/palpitations
MI
Hypotension
Stimulates serotonin
Use cautiously in those with cardiac disease, hypertension, diabetes |
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Definition
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Term
| Migergot, Migranal, or Methergine |
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Definition
| three examples of ergotamines (ergot alkalies) |
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Term
Physical dependency
Tachycardia/palpitations
MI
Hypotension
Stimulates serotonin
Use cautiously in those with cardiac disease, hypertension, diabetes |
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Definition
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Term
N/V
Weakness in legs, muscles
Pain/tingling/numbness in fingers & toes
Angina-like pain
Tachycardia |
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Definition
| side effects of Ergotamines |
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Term
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Definition
| Sub q sumatriptan (imitrex) ends H/A in ____________ |
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Term
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Definition
| antimigraine medications may be repeated after ____, but no more than ___ times per day |
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Term
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Definition
| ergot antimigraines are pregnancy category __ |
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Term
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Definition
| a rare but serious condition that causes swelling in the liver and brain |
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Term
| as confusion, seizures and loss of consciousness |
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Definition
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