Term
| what does the CNS include |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the components of the peripherial nervous system |
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Definition
afferent: nerves going to CNS
efferent: nerves leaving CNS |
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Term
| what is the function of afferent nerves |
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Definition
carry information to CNS for processing
autonomic nervous system reflexes: baroreceptor, emotional |
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Term
| compare preganglionic and poste ganglinic neuron cell bodies and axons |
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Definition
pre: cell body in CNS, non myelinated
post: cell body in ganglia, non-myelinated, terminates in effector organ |
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Term
| function and nerve lay out of somatic NS |
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Definition
vountary control of sksletal muscle
one neuron, no ganglia |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary control of heart, vessels visceral organs, glands |
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Term
| what are the three types of input into the autonomic NS, explain where each comes from or is processed |
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Definition
afferent sign: travels to integrating center in hpothalamus, medulla, spinal cord
reflexes: dont involve processing (baroreceptor increases symp and decreases para to heart)
emotions; stimulate sympathetic and parasympathetic |
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Term
| where do sympathetic preganglionic fibers come from, where do they go |
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Definition
| T1-2, L1-5 synapse in sympathetic chain, post ganglionic extend to viscera |
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Term
| explain the wiring of the adrenal medulla |
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Definition
recieves sympathetic preganglionic fiber that does not synapse in sympathetic chain and has no postganglionic fiber
instead releases hormones (N/NE) into the blood |
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Term
| general function of sympathetic NS |
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Definition
continously active to maintain tone
functions as a unit
not essential for life
fight or flight |
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Term
| sympathetic effect on: heart, energy, blood, pupil, lungs, bladder, GU, salivation, GI, muscle |
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Definition
increases HR, BP
energy mobilization
blood to skin and organs decreased
dilation of skeletal muscle vessels
dilation of pupil
bronchi constriction
bronchiole dilation
detrusor relaxation
construction of trigone and sphinctor
thick salivation
decrease in gastric motility
uterus relaxation
ejaculation |
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Term
| where do parasympathetic NS fibers come from, where do they go |
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Definition
CN III, VII, IX, X, S2-4
synapse at ganglia near effector organ |
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Term
| general functions of parasympathetic NS |
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Definition
essential for life
effects specific effector organ
rest and digest |
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Term
| effect of parasympathetic on: eye, lung, bladder, GU, salivation, heart, GI |
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Definition
constrict iris constricts pupil
constriction of ciliary m. for near vision
constriction of bronchioles
contraction of detrusor
relaxing trigone and sphinctor
erection
watery salivation
decreased HR, CO
GI motility |
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Term
| what are the effects when an organ has parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation |
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Definition
parasympathetic predominates
sympathetic only predominates if it is the only innervator |
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Term
| where is sympathetic the only innervator |
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Definition
| blood vessels, adrenal medulla, pilomotor muscles, sweat glands |
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Term
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Definition
| ACh releasing NT binds to cholinergic receptor (Nm, Nn, M) |
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Term
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Definition
| NE releasing and NT binds to adrenergic receptor (a and B) |
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Term
| what are the two types of parasympathetic receptor/NT combinations, where are they located |
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Definition
preganglionic/postganglionic synapse: ACh/Nn
postganglionic/cardiac, smooth muscle, glands synapse: ACh/M |
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Term
| what are the 4 types of sympathetic receptor/NT combinations, where are they located |
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Definition
preganglionic/postganglionic: ACh/Nn
postganglionic/sweat gland synapse: ACh/M
postganglionic/cardiac M, smooth M, gland synapse: NE/a or B
postganglionic / renal vascular smooth muscle synapse: D/D1 (dopamine is precursor for NE, D1 is main periphery dopamine receptor) |
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Term
| what is the neuromumoral receptor/NT combination, where is it located |
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Definition
| preganglionic/adrenal medulla synapse: ACh/Nm causes release of E and NE into blood |
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Term
| what is the somatic receptor/NT synapse, where is it located |
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Definition
| somatic/skeletal muscle synapse: ACh/Nm |
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Term
| what are the three categories of chemical signalers |
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Definition
local
hormones
neurotransmitters |
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Term
| local signalers: 2 examples, down side |
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Definition
rapidly destoried or removad
histamine, prostaglandin |
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Term
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Definition
| travel in blood to effect broadly distributed target cells |
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Term
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Definition
| communication between neurons acts on specific cellular receptor |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
cholinergic neurons in sympathetic, parasympathetic, and adrenal medulla
iin all NMJ |
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Term
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Definition
adrenergic neurons, nerve transmission
E from adrenal medulla into blood and activates non-adrenergic receptors |
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