Term
| what is the general order for tx htn 12 |
|
Definition
thiazide diruetic
ACE inhibitor / ARB
CCB
BB
other: renin inhibitor, ALD receptor antagonist, a1 adrenergic blocker, a2 agonist, peripherial adrenergic blockers, non-specific adrenergic blockers, vasodilators |
|
|
Term
| what is the general order for tx of CHF 10 |
|
Definition
ACEI/ARB
BB: metaprolol, bisprolol
Non-specific BB: carvedilol
amlodipiine
hydralazine
inotropic: B agonist, phosphodiesterase inhibitor, nesiritide, digitalis |
|
|
Term
| explain the theatment of eldelry of AA with HTN 2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| explain the TX of HTN post MI 2 |
|
Definition
24h: ACEI
maintain: ARB, BB |
|
|
Term
| explain the TX of HTN in pt with renal failure 1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| explain TX of HTN in pt with DM 1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| explain TX of HTN in pregnant pt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| explain TX of HTN in pt with renal HTN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is #1 and #2 choice for acute HTN |
|
Definition
1. sodium nutroprusside
2. non-specific adrenergic blockers (labelalol, carvedilol) |
|
|
Term
| explain TX of HTN in pt with asthma or peripherial vascular disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what HTN drugs can tx diabetic nephropathy 2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ther than HTN what can BB treat 4 |
|
Definition
hyperthyroid
migraine prophylaxia
glaucoma
cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Term
| other than HTN what can a1 adrenergic blocker tx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what than HTN what vasodilator has another use, what is it |
|
Definition
| minoxidil: topical male pattern baldness |
|
|
Term
| what drug do you use in CHF renal failure pt (#1 and #2) |
|
Definition
DOC: ACEI/ARB
2: hydralazine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chlorthalidone
hydrochlorothiazide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 ARN (ANGII receptor blocker) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 CCB, which can be used for CHF |
|
Definition
verapamil
diatiazem
amlodipine - CHF and HTN |
|
|
Term
| explain naming of BB, which can be used in CHF |
|
Definition
A-M B1 selective -olol
N-Z B1/2 non-selective -olol
metapropolol
bispropolol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 ALD receptor antagonist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prazosin
terazosin
doxazosin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1 peripherial adrenergic blocker |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 non-specific adrenergic blockers, which is used in CHF |
|
Definition
labetalol
carvedilol - CHF and HTN |
|
|
Term
| 4 vasodilators, which can be used for CHF |
|
Definition
hydralazine - CHF and HTN
minoxidil
Na nitroprusside
isorbide dinitrate |
|
|
Term
| 4 categories of inotropic drugs |
|
Definition
B adrenergic antagonist
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
nesiritide
digitalis |
|
|
Term
| 1 B adrenergic antagonist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 phosphodiesterase inhibitor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is nesiritide made of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
stops electrolyte transport causing Na/water excretion
decreases BV, CO and BO
increases urine output
urineoutput, CO, and BV return to normal in days but BP stays fixed due to vascular reactivity to NE and secreased structural resistance
overall: DECREASES PRELOAD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
stops conversion of ANGI to ANGII and bradyinin to inactive
causes vasodilation: inc preload and afterload
water/NA excretion: dec preload
prevents ALD cardiac remodel
stops renin feedback and renin builds up |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
stops ATI receptors so ANGII can't activate ALD or vasoconstrict
vasodilation: dec preload and afterload
water/Na excretion: dec preload
stops cardiac remodeling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
block L Ca channels in HEART MUSCLE slowing phase 4/0 at AV
decreases CO, increases PR, negative inotropic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blocks L Ca channel in VESSELS AND HEART causing vasodilation and dec CO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
block L Ca channels in VESSELS causing vasodilation
most likley to cause reflex tachycardia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
antagonize B1 on heart dec CO
antagonize B1 on JG decreasing renin
vasodilation
Na/water excretion
stops cardiac remodeling - some...
improves symptoms, exercise tolerance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low dose, build over 4-5 wks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
stops conversion of angiotensinogen to ANG I
vasodilation
Na/water excretion
stoms cardiac remodeling - some...
increased renin due to loss of neg feedback |
|
|
Term
| MOA ALD receptor antagonist |
|
Definition
K sparing diruetics (not awesome diruetics) block ALD which causes K wasting
cause Na/water excretion decreasing preload |
|
|
Term
| MOA a1 adrenergic blockers |
|
Definition
| block a1 on ARTERIOLES AND VEINS causing vasodilation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decrease sympathetic outflow from brainstem vasopressors (main regulator of Na retention) |
|
|
Term
| MOA peripherial adrenergic blockers |
|
Definition
blocks reuptake of NE/E causig depletion and decreased SNS
vasodilation, dec CO |
|
|
Term
| MOA non-specific adrenergic blockers |
|
Definition
block A1, B1, B2
decrease TPR without reflex tachycardia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| NO causes ARTERIOLE dilation (increases flow most) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opens K channels hypopolarizing, dilates ARTERIOLES |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| NO dilates VEINS AND ARTERIES |
|
|
Term
| administration Na nitroprusside |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| VENOdilator, decreases proload |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
B adrenergic antagonist: dobutamine, dopanine
pisphodiesterase inhibitor: inamirone, milrone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| antagonize B1 and increase CO |
|
|
Term
| administration dobutamine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| administration of dopamine and effect |
|
Definition
<2ug/kg: D1 vasodilate renal
2-5ug/kg: V1 inc CO
5015ug/kg: A1 vasoconstrict, inc TPR |
|
|
Term
| MOA phosphodiesterase inhibitor |
|
Definition
increase cAMP, phosphorlyates Ca channel
increases CO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vasodilate veins and arteries |
|
|
Term
| MOA digtaliz and digitoxin |
|
Definition
reversibly bind Na/K ATPase
chances Ca/Na channel
Ca comes in
increases CO
decreases SNS, TPR |
|
|
Term
| what is the difference between digitalis and digitoxin |
|
Definition
digitoxin: t1/2: 15d
digitalis: t1/2: 48h
toxin is more toxic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
K depletion (restrict Na intake)
increased glucose (don't DC if become diabetic) |
|
|
Term
| interactions thiazide diruetics, why |
|
Definition
| digitallis: messes with Na/K ATPase |
|
|
Term
| contraindications thiazide diruetics 3, why |
|
Definition
DM: increases glucose
chronic arrhythmia, acute MI: messes with K |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
catopril cough: due to brady build up
angioedema: face and mouth
teratogenic
acute renal failure |
|
|
Term
| why does ACEI cause acute renal failure |
|
Definition
| ANG II constricts efferent arteriole when renal perfusion is low (never use in bilateral renal artery stenosis) |
|
|
Term
| interactions/contraindications ACEI 2 |
|
Definition
never use with ARB
dont use in renal artery tenosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
teratogenic
acute renal failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
constipation
dizzy
naturitic |
|
|
Term
| interactions/contrindications of verpamil 3 |
|
Definition
no diruetic: its a naturitic
no CHF
no BB |
|
|
Term
| interactions/contrindications of dialtiazem 3 |
|
Definition
no diruetic: its a naturitic
no CHF
no BB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gingival hyperplasia
dizzy
reflex tachycardia |
|
|
Term
| contraindications amlodipine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inc LDL and TG
withdrawl: rebount HTN
hypotension
bradycardia
decreased lobido, lethargy
B2: bronchoconstriction, increases glucose |
|
|
Term
| contraindications to BB 2 |
|
Definition
| dont use non-selective in asthmatic or diabetic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
slight cough
angioedema
teratopenic |
|
|
Term
| SE ALD receptor antagonist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| contraindications to ALD receptor antagonist 2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how can you prevent hyperkalemia in ALD receptor antagonist |
|
Definition
| use in combo with ACRI/ARB |
|
|
Term
| SE a1 adrenergic blocker 2 |
|
Definition
postural HTN on 1st dose
dizzy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sedation
dry mouth
withdrawl: rebound HTN
hemolytic anemia - methyldopa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sedation
bradycardia
depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bronchoconstriction
arrhythmia (C blockade)
dec lobido |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lupus like in slow acetylators
reflex tachycardia |
|
|
Term
| SE Na nitroprusside, why 2 |
|
Definition
hypotension
metabolized to cyanide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anorexia, nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue, confusion, blurred yellow vision |
|
|
Term
| digitalis toxicity signs 8, why |
|
Definition
Ca overload increases automaticity causing DAD leading to ...
increased systole
tachycardia
PVC
fibrillation
complete block
VTac
VFib |
|
|
Term
| things that cause predisposition to digitalis toxicity 4 |
|
Definition
hypoklemia: arrhythmia
wuinidine and verapamil: displace it
diuretics: increase its binding |
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|
