Term
| Drugs that work on protein synthesis are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the different classes of antibiotics |
|
Definition
-sulfonamides
-PCNs
-cephalosporins
-carbapenems
-monobactams
-tetracyclines
-macrolides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibit growth of susceptible bacteria, leads to eventual bacterial death |
|
|
Term
| If bacteria maintains staining it is considered |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If bacteria loses its staining it is considered |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aerobic bacteria thrive in what type of environment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or false: Anaerobic bacteria can grow in an environment without any oxygen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which immunocomprimised patients get viral infections most often? |
|
Definition
| cancer patients, AIDs patients, transplant patients |
|
|
Term
| Antiviral agents are used to treat |
|
Definition
| infections caused by viruses other than HIV |
|
|
Term
| Antiretroviral agents are used to treat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acyclovir belongs to which category of drugs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 prototypes of Acyclovir |
|
Definition
| -acyclovir (Zovirax) -famcyclovir (Famvir) -valacyclovir (Valtrex) |
|
|
Term
| Famcyclovir and valacyclovir are both |
|
Definition
| prodrugs (need to metabolized by liver first to work) |
|
|
Term
| What drug is most commonly used to treat genital herpes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Topical acyclovir prototypes |
|
Definition
-penciclovir (denavir)
-docosanol (abreva-OTC)
-Trifluridine opthalmic (viroptic)
-viderabine (vira-A) |
|
|
Term
| Can a patient develop resistance to acyclovir? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| phlebitis, reversible nephrotoxicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Topical acyclovir may cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which acyclovir prototypes only treat cytomegalovirus (CMV)? |
|
Definition
ganciclovir (cytovene)
fascarnet (foscavir)
cidofovir (vistide) |
|
|
Term
| Drugs used to treat CMV are given |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Foscarnet (used to treat CMV) can also be used for |
|
Definition
| herpetic infections that are resistant to acyclovir |
|
|
Term
| What is the most commonly used drug to treat CMV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ganciclovir: heme side effects |
|
Definition
| thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia, bone marrow suppression, anemia |
|
|
Term
| Ganciclovir: GI side effects |
|
Definition
| nausea, liver dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| Ganciclovir: CNS side effects |
|
Definition
| confusion, reproductive toxicity |
|
|
Term
| True or false: ganciclovir can cause rash |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False: ganciclovir can cause fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Foscarnet and cidofovir can cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When does protection begin after flu vaccination? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long does protection last after the flu vaccine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There is a small risk for what syndrome after getting the flu vaccine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a patient with an acute febrile illness should not get the flu vaccine until they recover, what is considered febrile? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What allergy prevents you from getting the flu vaccine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prophylaxis for peptic ulcers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NSAID induced peptic ulcers tx |
|
Definition
| PPI's, H2 receptor blockers, discontinue NSAIDS if possible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| change to 5-6 small meals per day, prevents pH fluctuations |
|
|
Term
| Why are a min of two abx used to treat h. pylori? |
|
Definition
| to decrease chance of developing resistance |
|
|
Term
| Drugs of choice to treat h. pylori |
|
Definition
| amoxicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline, metronidazole, tinidazole, bismuth compounds |
|
|
Term
| Guidelines for managing h. pylori |
|
Definition
-at least 2 abx, preferably 3
-antisecretory agent (PPI, H2 antagonist) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anti-ulcer/anti-secretory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-ranitidine
-cimetidine
-famotidine
-nizatidine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which H2 antagonist has significant side effects? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cimetidine side effects: CNS |
|
Definition
| confusion, lethargy, hallucinations, excitation |
|
|
Term
| cimetidine side effects: CV |
|
Definition
| dysrhythmias and hypotension when given IV |
|
|
Term
| cimetidine side effects: resp |
|
Definition
| increased risk for pneumonia |
|
|
Term
| cimetidine side effects: heme |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cimetidine side effects: GU |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cimetidine can not be taken concurrently with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cimetidine inhibits liver metabolism of |
|
Definition
| warfarin, phenytoin, theophylline, lidocaine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Common side effects of PPI's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| long term use of omeprazole (prilosec) may cause |
|
Definition
| gastric cancer, hip fracture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-almuinum/calcium (maalox)
-magnesium
-calcium carbonate (TUMS) |
|
|
Term
| Aluminum/Calcium (maalox) side effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Calcium carbonate (TUMS) side effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Should antacids be used for a long period of time? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antacids increase absorption of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antacids decrease absorption of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antacids increase excretion of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antacids decrease excretion of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pts with HTN or HF should use what type of antacids? |
|
Definition
| low sodium- riopan, maalox, mylanta II |
|
|
Term
| Medications are given how many hours after giving an antacid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What should antacids be administered with? |
|
Definition
| 8oz of water to enhance absorption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sulcrafate (carafate) is given |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sulcrafate creates a barrier for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common side effect of sulcrafate (carafate)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sulcrafate inhibits the absorption of |
|
Definition
| warfarin, dig, phenytoin, theophylline, fluoroquinoline abx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Misoprostol (cytotec) is given |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Misoprostol prevents gastric ulcers caused by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abd cramping, diarrhea, spotting/amenorrhea in women |
|
|
Term
| antiemetics are given to suppress |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antiemetic drugs, 3 sites of action |
|
Definition
| GI tract, inner ear, cerebral cortex |
|
|
Term
| antiemetics that target GI |
|
Definition
-prokinetic drugs
-serotonin blockers |
|
|
Term
| antiemetics that target inner ear |
|
Definition
-anticholinergic
-antihistamines
-neuroleptics
-prokinetic drugs |
|
|
Term
| antiemetics that target cerebral cortex |
|
Definition
-THC
-corticosteroids
-benzodiazapenes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| scopolamine is primarily used to treat |
|
Definition
| motion sickness, secretions prior to surgery |
|
|
Term
| Meclizine (antivert) is an |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if scopolamine is a patch, where should it be applied? |
|
Definition
| hairless area behind the ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| motion sickness, vertigo, rhinitis, sedation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ondansetron is the generic name for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Zofran treats nausea associated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| substance p/neukinin 1 antagonists |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aprepitant (emend) has adverse effects when combined with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drug is usually given before chemo? And which is usually given after? |
|
Definition
| lorazepam (ativan) before, Ondansetron(zofran) after |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| parkinson's like symptoms, anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, urinary retention), hypotension, sedation |
|
|
Term
| Halperidol (Haldol) acts similar to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is ECG monitoring necessary for those on Haldol? |
|
Definition
| haldol can cause prolonged QT interval and fatal dysrhythmias |
|
|
Term
| metoclopramide (Relgan) can cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what drugs are considered both antihistamines and anticholinergics? |
|
Definition
dimenhydrinate (dramamine)
meclizine (antivert)
cyclizine (Marezine) |
|
|
Term
| most anti-emetics cause severe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antiemetics mixed with alcohol can cause severe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anti-emetic agents are given how long before the chemo therapy agent? |
|
Definition
| 30 min-3 hours before the chemo is administered |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-bismuth subsalicylate (pepto)
-kaolin pectin, activated charcoal (kaopectate) |
|
|
Term
| which anticholinergics treat diarrhea? |
|
Definition
-belladona alkaloids (donnatol)
-atropine
-hyoscyamine |
|
|
Term
| what happens when adsorbants are given with anti-coags? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anatacids decrease the effects of |
|
Definition
| anticholinergics used to treat diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| adsorbents decrease the absorption of |
|
Definition
| quinidine, dig, clindamycin, hypoglycemic agents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
children under 16
teens with chicken pox
BC REYE'S SYNDROME |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-alosetron (lotronex) W ONLY!
-amitiza
-zelnorm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-constipation dominent only
-full bowel prep prior to starting |
|
|
Term
| -diol's are used to dissolve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what drugs treat seizures? |
|
Definition
-barbituates (i.e. phenobarbitol)
-valproates (i.e. depakote)
-hydantoins (i.e. phenytoin)
-new AED's (i.e. gabapentin)
-imostilbenes (i.e. carbamezapine)
-succinimides
-levetiracetam (Keppra)
-topiramate (Topamax) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-phenobarbital
-phenytoin
-topiramate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| oxcarbazepine (Trileptal reacts with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Insulin lispro (Humalog)
Insulin aspart (NovoLog)
Insuline glulisine (Apidra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| regular insulin (humulin r, novolin r) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| NPH (humulin n, novolin n) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Insulin detemir (Levemir)
Insulin glargine (Lantus) |
|
|
Term
| rapid acting insulin onset |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| short acting insulin onset |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| intermediate insulin onset |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| long acting insulin onset |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| oral antidiabetic agents end in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Metformin (Glucophage) is taken with meals to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| oral antidiabetic agents are usually taken |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Alpha-glucosidase (acarbose, miglitol) inhibitors are with the first bite of each main meal |
|
Definition
| with the first bite of each main meal |
|
|
Term
| thyroid replacement drugs for hypothyroidism |
|
Definition
levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl)
liothyronine (Cytomel)
liotrix (Thyrolar)
Thyroid |
|
|
Term
| thyroid replacment drugs react with |
|
Definition
Oral anticoagulants
Digitalis glycosides
Cholestyramine
Patients with diabetes may need to increase their doses of hypoglycemic agents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-thionamides (methamizole, PTU-propylthiouracil)
-iodine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hyperthyroidism
graves disease |
|
|
Term
| thyroid drugs should be taken in the am to decrease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when on antithyroids the pt should avoid food high in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of overdose of thyroid hormones include cold intolerance, depression, edema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the higher the bleeding tendencies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aspirin can also be used as an |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| corticosteroids used to treat resp inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-advair
-symbicort
(think -erol) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ACE inhibitors most common side effect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nicotinic acid (niacin) treats |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
starts w
-chole
-chol
think cholesterol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -ines (ex: dobutamine, dopamine) |
|
|
Term
| how to treat digoxin toxicity |
|
Definition
| digibind- aka digoxin immune fab |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
