Term
| antacids should not be taken with how many hours of other meds? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antacids decrease the absoprtion of other drugs, most importantly: |
|
Definition
| abx, digoxin, isoniazid, phenothiazine, quinidine, phentyoin |
|
|
Term
| antacids react with what to do what |
|
Definition
| react with gastric acid to produce neutral salts |
|
|
Term
| antacids with aluminum in them can cause |
|
Definition
| constipation. My pal al is constantly constipated. |
|
|
Term
| antacids with magnesium in them can cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DINE.. no wine, just DINE! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stress ulcers and reduce the occurrence of all uclers |
|
|
Term
| use caution with h2's in pts with.. |
|
Definition
| renal or hepatic dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| food slows the absorption of.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cimetidine passes the what and can cause what |
|
Definition
| blood brain barrier and cause cns side effects, confusion, agitation, psychosis |
|
|
Term
| with ranitidine, side effects are.. |
|
Definition
| uncommon, and does not cross BBB, as with cimetidine |
|
|
Term
| do not take h2's at the same time as.. |
|
Definition
| antacids, take them at least 1 hour before. |
|
|
Term
| you should take h2s at what time? |
|
Definition
| 6 pm for better suppression of nocturnal acid secretion |
|
|
Term
| pts with acid problems should avoid.. |
|
Definition
| caffeine, alcohol, harsh spices, chocolate and peppermint, stop smoking.. no ASA's or NSAIDS |
|
|
Term
| if pt is on cimetidine, and coumadin, dilatnin, lidociaine the pt should.. |
|
Definition
| reduce the dosages of these meds |
|
|
Term
| prilosec can be administered via.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acitve ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis and hypersecretory conditions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea |
|
|
Term
| abx used for h. pylori tx |
|
Definition
| amox, clarithromycin, bismuth compounds, tetracycline, metranidzole, tinidazole |
|
|
Term
| do not give anti-d's for patients.. |
|
Definition
| who are under 2, pregnant, elderly, and antibiotic associated colitis, or ulcerative colitis, or if pt has C. DIFF.- hep/ren disease, glaucoma, electrolyte imbalance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased production of gastrin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drowsiness, dizziness, consipation, dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention |
|
|
Term
| for pt taking anti-d's you should assess |
|
Definition
| cause of diarrhea, monitor stools, bowel sounds, vitals, and electrolytes, and narcotic drug history |
|
|
Term
| for pt taking anti-d's you should educate the clien tto.. |
|
Definition
| drink clear liquids, avoid OTC drugs and alcohol, notifiy provider if diarrhea persists longer than 2 days, high fever, BLOOD in stool, or acute abd pain |
|
|
Term
| difference between stimulant and emollient laxatives.. |
|
Definition
stim-increases persistalsis by directly effecting colonic smooth muscle
emollient- softens stools by increasing the water and fat penetration in intestines |
|
|
Term
| do not give laxatives to patients who are.. |
|
Definition
| having fecal impactions, intesinal/biliary obstruction, nausea vomiting, acute hep/appendicitis |
|
|
Term
| stimulant laxatives may cause.. |
|
Definition
| gastric irritation if taken with antacids, h2 blockers, and gastric proton pump inhibitors and milk |
|
|
Term
| emollient lax's may cause.. |
|
Definition
| toxicity if taken with mineral oil |
|
|
Term
| laxatives are given to post op patients to.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| emollients may take how long to take effect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| for laxatives.. report if.. |
|
Definition
| thirstiness, sxs of electrolyte imbalances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acts centrally by blocking the chemoreceptor trigger zone, this in turn acts on the vomiting center |
|
|
Term
| antiem's decrease the effects of.. |
|
Definition
| thiethylperazine- barbituates, antacids. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anticholinergic action- anticholingerics, antiparkison drugs and antidepressants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| zofran was first invented for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aluminum hydroxide antacids may increase.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| calcium carbonate antacids may.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vasodilation (pressure drop), increase cap perm, skin rash, bronchoconstriction, mucus secretion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secretion of gastric acid, act directly on parietal cells, to promote acid release |
|
|
Term
| histamine antagonists/antihistamines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bronchoconstriction, hypotension, edema, of the glottis, feeling of impending doom, larynx will start to swell shut |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1st and 2nd generation- highly sedating, 2nd generation- non drowsy |
|
|
Term
| promathazine and dimenhydrinate (dramamine) is used for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| you shouldnt give benadry with other.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| know difference between 1st and 2nd generation antihistamines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anti inflammatory (prednisone), bronchodilators (albuterol- beta 2 agonist) |
|
|
Term
| advantages of inhalation drug therapy |
|
Definition
| fewer systemic effects, effects enhanced, effects are faster |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| metered dose inhalers (MDI), dry powder inhaler (DPI), nebulizers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| minor effects when taken acutely, can be bad when used long term (adrenal suppression, osteoporis, hyperglycemia, and others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| provide symptomatic relief but do not alter the underlying disease (albuterol, salmeterol, terbutaline) relieve acute bronchospasm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lots of side fx, narrow therapeutic index, toxicity is related to theophyline levels- plasma drug levels, 10-20 mcg |
|
|
Term
| glucocorticoid/LABA combinations |
|
Definition
| advair/symbicort, for long term maintenance |
|
|
Term
| subq 1:10,000, iv 1:1000 dosing for epinephrine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| levalbuterol is what compared to reg albuterol |
|
Definition
| kinder, gentler- so its used more frequently with pedi and geri |
|
|
Term
| how long should you wait between puffs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which should go first Bronchdilator or nebulizer treatments |
|
Definition
| bronchdi's so steroid gets into lungs better |
|
|
Term
| BETA B's and BRONCHO D's should.. |
|
Definition
| not be used together bc they negate one another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| long acting beta adrenergic agonist- salmeterol and advair |
|
|
Term
| salmeterol and advair shoud not be used.. |
|
Definition
| IN AN EMERGENCY! hence the word long acting. |
|
|
Term
| what does theophyline do? |
|
Definition
| ORAL MED, long term control of asthma. causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, which results in bronchodilation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glucocorticoids (steroids!) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| methylxanthines- oral - long term asthma control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (long term use) leukotriene modifier- suppressing inflamm by suppressing bronchoconstirction, airway edema, and mucus production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increasing mucous secretion/cough production to decrease chest congestion by coughing out secretions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gi upset, drowsiness, allergic rash |
|
|
Term
| pt's taking expectorants should be advised to.. |
|
Definition
| drink water to promote liquefying secretions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benadryl, phenegran, dramamine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| block h1 receptors, suppress mucous secretions by their antcholinergic action |
|
|
Term
| remember that antihists have.. |
|
Definition
| anticholinergic effects, cant spit, cant shit, cant pee(toxicity) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cns depressants/alcohol cause additive cns depression |
|
|
Term
| spontaneous bacterial mutation |
|
Definition
| resistance to only one abx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bacteria trade dna and may cross bacterial species- esp gram negative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| metronidazole, vancomycin and fluid replacement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| weakening the cell wall, causing bacteria to take up extra water and rupture |
|
|
Term
| theres a correlation between pnc allergy and.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| example of a broad spectrum penicillin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diarrhea, rash- probiotics to decrease pooze |
|
|
Term
| pnc is still the first line for.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| beta-lactamase inhibitors are a subclass of.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pnc are never used alone, or at all with the tx of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rocephin can be given im/iv and may cause.. |
|
Definition
| pain upon injection, can cause oral/vaginal candidis, and diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| what causes redman's syndrome from infusing too quickly? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tetracycline is the go to for.. |
|
Definition
| the clap syph and gonorrhea! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emycin, erythramycin ALL mycins (except genta) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DI's because of the cyp450 thing- aed's, warfarin, antifungals, hiv meds, verpamil, theophylline |
|
|
Term
| cardio side fx of emycin.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| azithromycin is a ? and also known as ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vancomycin and clindamycin have no.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clindamycin is used for.. |
|
Definition
| serious strep infections, gangrene, MRSA- causes the most c dif colitis out of all abx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| class of drug!- used to treat VRE, serious MRSA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| headache, neuropathy, bone marrow suppresion(myelopathy) monitor CBC |
|
|
Term
| major aminogylcoside side fx |
|
Definition
| ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity |
|
|
Term
| sulfa drugs are used to treat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SJS, toxic epidermal necrosis (25% mortality rate), photosensitivity, hemolytic anemia- check the CBC |
|
|
Term
| sulfa drugs can cause what in urine |
|
Definition
| crystals in kidneys so PUSH FLUIDS |
|
|
Term
| you shouldnt give sulfa during what stage of pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| the last stage, or breastfeeding. can cause bilirubin deposits in baby's brain (kernicterus) |
|
|
Term
| the folate deficient shouldnt take.. |
|
Definition
| sulfa drugs- megaloblastic anemia - alcoholic, pg, frail ppls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| macrobid- uti's- treat and prevent, turns urine brown |
|
|
Term
| in order to take nitrofurantoin/macrobid pt must |
|
Definition
| have creatine clearance, so contraindicated in elderly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibits DNA enzyme in susceptible microorganisms, interferring with replication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what to abx are highly contraindicated during pregnacny |
|
Definition
| the two QT's- quinolones and tetracycline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| isoniazide (INH) is used to treat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rifampin is used to treat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| you should monitor what with rifampin.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rifampin has high di's with hiv meds which is bad because.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ethambutol is used to treat |
|
Definition
| TB- can cause optic neuritis- blurred vision/color changes, |
|
|
Term
| PZA pyrazinamide is used to treat.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are antivirals for hsv hzv safe during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| go to med for streptococcus pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| penicillins are used for..(5) |
|
Definition
| tx of pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis(viridans), and pharyngitis(pyrogenes) and syphylis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uti's, postop infection, pelvic infections, and meningitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| beta-lactam abx, destroy bacterial cell wall |
|
|
Term
| is alcohol ok while taking cephalosporins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| otoxicity, infusion reactions, thrombophlebitis |
|
|
Term
| abx that act on bacterial cell wall |
|
Definition
| CILLINS, CEPHS, and VANCO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| preventing protein sythesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chlamydias(westford), pneumonia(mycoplasma), lyme disease, ANTHRAX, h. pylori |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gi, tooth discoloration, sunburn more easily, suprainfection of the bowel- dizzy lightheaded with minocycline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| milk products, calcium, laxatives w/ Mg, and antacids.. decreases effectivnes off BIRTH CONTROL |
|
|
Term
| tetracycline should be taken.. |
|
Definition
| on an empty stomach - with a full glass of water. Mono and doxy can be taken with food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| erythromycin! azithromycin! |
|
|
Term
| macrolides are used for the tx of.. |
|
Definition
| chlamydia pertussis, legionnaire's, diptheria, mycoplasma pneumonia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| macrolides are highly contraindicated in pts with |
|
Definition
| pre-existing liver disease- antihistamines, asthma meds, AED, and anticoags (leads to toxicity of these drugs) |
|
|
Term
| gentamicin is the drug of choice against |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aminoglycoside (amino-acts on dna synthesis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| preventing the synthesis of folic acid- which is essential for the production of dna, rna, and proteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SJS- anemias- crystalluria- kernicturus- photsensitivity- |
|
|
Term
| sulfas can increase the effects of what drugs? |
|
Definition
| coumadin, dilantin, and sulfonyurea oral hypoglycemics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cipro is the med of choice for.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| side fx for fluoroquinolines/cipro |
|
Definition
| achilles tendon rupture, suprainfection(yeast) |
|
|
Term
| cipro shouldnt be given to.. |
|
Definition
| people under the age of 18 because of tendon rupture risk- unless they're being treated for e. coli, uti, or anthrax |
|
|
Term
| cipro may increase drug levels with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| metronidazole/flagyl is used to treat.. |
|
Definition
| parasitic infections/c. diff |
|
|
Term
| isoniazid is used to treat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| multiple med therapy is need for tb after.. |
|
Definition
| the latent period is over (6-9 months) a minimum of six months of tx is needed to get rid of active TB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| peripheral neuropathy (b6 deficiency), hepatotoxicity, |
|
|
Term
| what is pyrazinamide used to treat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rifampin is used to treat.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| discoloration of body fluids, hepatotoxicity, mild gi discomfort |
|
|
Term
| rifampin may decrease effectiveness of.. |
|
Definition
| warfarin, contraceptives, and hiv meds(increase dosage of hiv meds) |
|
|
Term
| INH and pyrazinamide taken together increases risk for.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| treat protozoal infections, c. diff, and prophylaxis in pts post op. |
|
|
