Term
| What is the prototype nonselective muscarinic antagonist? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| atropine is the prototype... |
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Definition
| nonselective muscarinic antagonist |
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Term
| Which antimuscarinics treat Parkinson's? |
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Definition
| benztropine, trihexyphenidyl |
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Term
| benztropine, trihexyphenidyl - used for what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which drug is used for motion sickness? |
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Definition
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Term
| scopolamine is used for... |
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Definition
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Term
| which drugs are used to produce mydriasis and cyclopeglia? |
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Definition
| atropine, homatropine, tropicamide |
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Term
| atropine, homatropine and tropicamide produce... |
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Definition
| mydriasis and cycloplegia |
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Term
| which drugs produce bronchodilation in asthma and COPD? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is ipratropium used for? |
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Definition
| bronchodilation in asthma and copd |
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Term
| Which drugs are used to reduce transient hypermotility of the GI tract? |
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Definition
| dicyclomine, methscopolamine |
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Term
| dicyclomine and methscopolamine are used for... |
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Definition
| transient GI hypermotility |
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Term
| Which drugs are used for cystitis, postop bladder spasm or stress incontinence? |
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Definition
| oxybutynin, dicyclomine, tolterodine |
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Term
| oxybutynin, tolterodine and dicyclomine are used for... |
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Definition
| postop bladder spasm, cystitis, stress incontinence |
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Term
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Definition
| block SLUD - salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation |
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Term
| mnemonic for anticholinergic tox? |
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Definition
| dry as a bone, red as a beet, mad as a hatter, hot as a hare, blind as a bat |
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Term
| Contraindications for anticholinergics? |
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Definition
| infants (fever), closed angle glaucoma, prostate problems |
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Term
| prototype ganglion blocker? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the limiting adverse effect of ganglion blockade that pts are usually unable to tolerate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is used for reversal of neuromuscular blockade? |
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Definition
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Term
| curare-related drugs are... |
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Definition
| nondepolarizing NMJ blockers |
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Term
| Which are the shorter acting nondepolarizing NMJ blockers? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which NMJ blocker is depolarizing? What does it cause, besides paralysis? |
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Definition
| succinylcholine, fasciculations during inductions and muscle pain after use |
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Term
| Which drug is used to treat toxicity from insecticides like parathion? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is pralidoxime used for? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name a motion sickness drug |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| what are the effects of scopolamine? |
|
Definition
| reduces vertigo, postop nausea |
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Term
| which drug reduces vertigo and postop nausea? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical applications of scopolamine? |
|
Definition
| prevention of motion sickness and postop nausea and vomiting |
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Term
| How is scopolamine given? Toxicity? |
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Definition
| transdermal patch for motion sickness, IM for postop nausea/vomiting. Tox: tachy, blurred vision, xerostomia, delirium. Interactions with other antimuscarinics |
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Term
| name some drugs used for GI disorders |
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Definition
| dicyclomine, hyoscyamine, glycopyrrolate |
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Term
| what are dicyclomine, hyoscyamine and glycopyrrolate used for? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| competitive antagonist at M3 |
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Term
| which drug is a competitive antagonist at M3 recepts? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the effects of dicyclomine? |
|
Definition
| reduces smooth muscle and secretory activity of gut |
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|
Term
| which drug reduces smooth muscle and secretory activity of the guy? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical applications for dicyclomine? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which drug is used for IBS and minor diarrhea? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How is dicyclomine given? Tox? |
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Definition
| oral and parenteral, Tox - tachy, confusion, urinary retention, ^ IOP, interactions with other antimuscarinics |
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Term
| How does hyoscyamine compare to dicyclomine? |
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Definition
| longer DOA (dicyclomine DOA -up to 6 hrs) |
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|
Term
| glycopyrrolate is similar to ... |
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Definition
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Term
| which drug is like dicyclomine but has a longer DOA? |
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Definition
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Term
| atropine, scopolamine, homatropine, cyclopentolate and tropicamide are used for what GENERAL application? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which anticholinergic drugs are used in ophthalmology? |
|
Definition
| atropine, scopolamine, homatropine, cyclopentolate, tropicamide |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| competitive antagonist at all M recepts |
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|
Term
| which drug is a competitive antagonist at all M recepts? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| effects of atropine used ophthalmologically? |
|
Definition
| mydriasis and cycloplegia |
|
|
Term
| applications of atropine (optho)? |
|
Definition
| retinal exam, prevention of synechiae after surgery |
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Term
| Which drug is used for retinal exam and prevention of synechiae after surgery? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ophtho - how is atropine given? DOA? Tox? |
|
Definition
| given as drops, 5-6d, ^ IOP, interactions with other antimuscarinics |
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|
Term
| ophtho - how does scopolamine compare to atropine? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ophtho - name a drug with a faster onset of action than atropine |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ophtho - how does homotropine compare to atropine? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| name an ophtho drug with a 12-24hr DOA |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ophtho - how does cyclopentolate compare to atropine? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ophtho - name a drug with a 3-5hr DOA |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ophtho - how does tropicamide compare to atropine? |
|
Definition
| much shorter DOA - 15-60min |
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|
Term
| ophtho - name a drug with a 15-60min DOA |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Name drugs used for respiratory purposes |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ipratropium and tiptropium are used for... |
|
Definition
| respiratory (asthma, COPD) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| competitive, nonselective antag at M recepts |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| reduce or prevent bronchospasm |
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|
Term
| which drug reduces or prevents bronchospasm? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical applications for ipratropium? |
|
Definition
| prevention and relief of acute episodes of bronchospasm |
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|
Term
| which drug is used for prevention and relief of acute episodes of bronchospasm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is ipratropium given? tox? |
|
Definition
| aerosol canister, up to qid, tox - cough, xerostomia |
|
|
Term
| how does tiotropium compare to ipratropium? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| name some drugs used for urinary problems |
|
Definition
| oxybutynin, darifenacin, solifenacin, tolterodine, trospium |
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|
Term
| oxybutynin, darifenacin, solifenacin, tolterodine, and trospium are used for... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nonselective muscarinic antag |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| reduce detrusor muscle tone and spasms |
|
|
Term
| which drug reduces detrusor muscle tone and spasms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical applications for oxybutynin? |
|
Definition
| urge incontinence, postop spasms |
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|
Term
| which drug is used for urge incontinence and postop bladder spasms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is oxybutynin given? tox? |
|
Definition
| oral, IV or patch - tox - tachy, constipation, ^ IOP, xerostomia, pruritis (patch) |
|
|
Term
| how do darifenacin, solifenacin and tolterodine compare to oxybutynin? |
|
Definition
| tertiary amines with somewhat greater selectivity for M3 receps |
|
|
Term
| What are the tertiary amine drugs with greater M3 affinity for M3 receptors compared to oxybutynin? |
|
Definition
| darifenacin, solifenacin and tolterodine |
|
|
Term
| how does trospium compare to oxybutynin? |
|
Definition
| quaternary amine with less CNS effect |
|
|
Term
| Which drug is a quaternary amine with less CNS effect compared to oxybutynin? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| effects of atropine in cholinergic poisoning? |
|
Definition
| blocks muscarinic excess at exocrine glands, heart and smooth muscle |
|
|
Term
| which drug blocks muscarinic excess at exocrine glands, heart and smooth muscle? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which drug is a mandatory antidote for severe cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is atropine given for cholinergic poisoning? |
|
Definition
| IV infusion until anti-cholinergic signs appear |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| very high affinity for phosphorus atom but does not enter CNS |
|
|
Term
| which drug has a very high affinity for the phosphorus atom of organophosphates, but does not enter the CNS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| regenerates active AchE, can relieve skeletal muscle end plate block |
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|
Term
| which drug regenerates active AchE and can relieve skeletal muscle end plate blockade? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which drug is the usual antidote for early stage (48 hr) cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical application for pralidoxime? |
|
Definition
| antidote for early stage (48 hr) cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning |
|
|
Term
| how is pralidoxime given? tox? |
|
Definition
| intravenous every 4-6 hr, can cause muscle weakness in overdose |
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