Term
| Ach: where are cell bodies? How long are axons? What is the Renshaw synapse? |
|
Definition
| cell bodies at all levels, short and long, Motoneuron-Renshaw synapse |
|
|
Term
| Ach binds which M recepts? What are they blocked by? |
|
Definition
M1 - blocked by pirenzepine and atropine
M2 - blocked by atropine |
|
|
Term
| M1: Excite or inhibit? How? |
|
Definition
| M1: excitatory - ^IP3 and DAG, dec K+ conductance |
|
|
Term
| M2: excite or inhibit? How? |
|
Definition
| M2: inhibitory - decrease cAMP, ^ K+ conductance |
|
|
Term
| Nicotinic recepts - excite or inhibit? How? |
|
Definition
| excite - ^ cation conductance |
|
|
Term
| Dopamine: where are the cell bodies? How long are the axons? |
|
Definition
| all levels, short, medium and long axons |
|
|
Term
| Which D receptor is inhibitory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| D1: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
|
Definition
| D1 - inhibitory, ^cAMP (weird), blocked by phenothiazines |
|
|
Term
| D2: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
|
Definition
D2: blocked by phenothiazines and haloperidol
presyn - inhibitory, dec Ca2+ conductance
postsyn - inhibitory, dec cAMP, ^K+ conductance |
|
|
Term
| Which D receptor increases cAMP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which D receptor is blocked by phenothiazines and haloperidol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Norepi: where are the cell bodies? Where do they project? |
|
Definition
| Norepi - pons and brain stem, project to all levels |
|
|
Term
| a1 and b1 receptors are ________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which adrenergic receptors are excitatory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which adrenergic receptors are inhibitory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a2 and b2 receptors are _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a1: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
|
Definition
| excite, ^IP3 and DAG, dec K+ conductance, blocked by prazosin |
|
|
Term
| which adrenoceptor uses IP3 and DAG? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does prazosin block? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a2: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
|
Definition
a2: inhibitory, ACTIVATED by clonidine
Presyn: dec Ca2+ conductance
Postsyn: dec cAMP, ^ K+ conductance |
|
|
Term
| which receptor does presyn inhibition by dec Ca2+ conductance and postsyn inhibition by dec cAMP and ^ K+ conductance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a2 and b1 both affect _____ and _____ (intracellular messenger, ion) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| b1: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
|
Definition
b1: excitatory, blocked by propranolol
^ cAMP, dec K+ conductance |
|
|
Term
| b2: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
|
Definition
| inhibitory, ? increase in electrogenic sodium pump, blocked by propranolol |
|
|
Term
| Which receptor may cause inhibition by increasing the electrogenic Na pump? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| norepi acts on which receptors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| serotonin: where are the cell bodies? where do they project? |
|
Definition
| pons and midbrain, project to all levels |
|
|
Term
| list the serotonin receptors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which 5-HT receptors are excitatory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which 5-HT receptors are inhibitory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which 5-HT receptors use cAMP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which 5-HT receptors use IP3 and DAG? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| name a partial agonist of 5-HT1a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the partial agonist of 5-HT1a? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5-HT1a: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
|
Definition
| inhibitory, ^ K+ conductance, buspirone is partial AGONIST |
|
|
Term
| Which drugs block 5-HT2a? |
|
Definition
| clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine |
|
|
Term
| clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine - they block which receptor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5-HT2: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
|
Definition
excitatory, ^IP3 and DAG, dec K+ conductance
clozapine, risperidone and olanzapine block it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5-HT3: excite or inhibit? how? What blocks it? |
|
Definition
| excitatory, ^ cation conductance, blocked by ondansetron |
|
|
Term
| 5-HT4: excite or inhibit? How? |
|
Definition
| 5-HT4: excitatory, ^ cAMP, dec K+ conductance |
|
|
Term
| GABA: where are the neurons? what are they involved with? |
|
Definition
| supraspinal interneurons, spinal interneurons involved with presynaptic inhibition |
|
|
Term
| GABA-a is facilitated by... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Benzos and zolpidem facilitate... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| GABA-b is activated by... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| GABA-a: excite or inhibit? how? |
|
Definition
| inhibitory, ^ Cl- conductance |
|
|
Term
| GABA-b: excite or inhibit? How? |
|
Definition
inhibitory
presyn: dec Ca2+ conductance
postsyn: ^ K+ conductance |
|
|
Term
| Glutamate and aspartate are involved with _____ neurons at all levels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which NTs are involved with relay neurons at all levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| phencyclidine, ketamine and memantine |
|
|
Term
| phencyclidine, ketamine and memantine - they block which receptor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NMDA - excite or inhibit? How? |
|
Definition
| excitatory, ^ Ca2+ or cation conductance |
|
|
Term
| There are metabotropic subtypes of aspartate and glutamate receptors. Are they inhibitory or excitatory? Presynaptic or postsynaptic? |
|
Definition
presyn: inhibitory
postsyn: excitatory |
|
|
Term
| glutamate and aspartate - metabotropic presynaptic receptors: excite or inhibit? How? |
|
Definition
| inhibitory, dec cAMP, dec Ca2+ conductance |
|
|
Term
| glutamate and aspartate - metabotropic postsynaptic receptors: inhibitory or excitatory? How? |
|
Definition
| excitatory, ^IP3 and DAG, dec K+ conductance |
|
|
Term
| Glycine - where are its neurons? |
|
Definition
| interneurons in spinal cord and brain stem |
|
|
Term
| Glycine: excite or inhibit? How? Blocked by? |
|
Definition
| inhibitory, ^ Cl-, blocked by strychnine |
|
|
Term
| Which receptor is blocked by strychnine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the three major subtypes of opioid receptors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are opioid receptors excitatory or inhibitory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do presynaptic opioid receptors work? |
|
Definition
| inhibitory, dec Ca2+, dec cAMP |
|
|
Term
| how do postsynaptic opioid receptors work? |
|
Definition
| inhibitory, dec K+, dec cAMP |
|
|
Term
| hierarchical systems - describe them and their NTs |
|
Definition
large myelinated, rapid conduction, excitatory: aspartate and glutamate
inhibitory: GABA and glycine |
|
|
Term
Which type of system does this describe: large myelinated, rapid conduction, excitatory: aspartate and glutamate
inhibitory: GABA and glycine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diffuse systems - describe them and their NTs |
|
Definition
broad distribution, fine branching axons, varicosities.
Amines or peptides: NE, dopamine, serotonin
Affect attention, appetite, emotional stress |
|
|
Term
which type of system does this describe: broad distribution, fine branching axons, varicosities.
Amines or peptides: NE, dopamine, serotonin
Affect attention, appetite, emotional stress |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With the exception of 5-HT___, all the serotonin recepts are metabotropic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fast IPSPs are blocked by ______ receptor antagonists, and slow IPSPs are blocked by ______ receptor antagonists |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is a mediator of slow EPSPs in neurons involved with nociceptive sensory pathways in the spinal cord and brain stem |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ are brain lipid derivatives that are synthesized and released postsynaptically after depolarization but travel backward presynaptically (retrograde) to decrease NT release |
|
Definition
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