Term
| Non-lipid risk factor for coronary heart disease |
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Definition
| Obesity, cigarette smoking, hypertension and lack of exercise |
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Term
| Three major types of lipids |
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Definition
| Cholesterol, cholesterol esters, triglycerides |
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Term
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Definition
| waxy, fat-like, ring-structured chemical, component cell membranes, used for synthesis of sex hormones, bile salts and vitamin D |
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Term
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Definition
| Fats packaged for transport |
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Term
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Definition
| Chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoproteins |
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Term
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Definition
| Largest of lipoproteins, formed in intestine, carry triglycerides of dietary origin |
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Term
| Very low density lipoproteins |
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Definition
| Secreted by liver and carry triglycerides to body issues |
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Term
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Definition
| Bad, taken up by macrophages, increase fatty deposits |
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Term
| High density lipoproteins |
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Definition
| Good,transports cholesterole away from arteries to liver where cholesterol biotransformed into bile acids and excreted |
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Term
| Secondary Hyperlipoporteinemias |
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Definition
| Complications of diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism or chronic ingestion large amounts of alcohol |
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Term
| Primary Hyperlipoproteinemias |
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Definition
| From inherited single-gene defect inherited |
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Term
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Definition
Large, insoluble, positively charged resin, binds to bile acids, prevents reabsorption
Enhanced uptake LDL from blood |
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Term
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Definition
Treatment hypertriglyceridemia
Decreases VLDL by breakdown of triglycerides and decreased secretion of VLDL by liver |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibits secretion of VLDL from liver
Increasing levels of HDL |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibit enzyme (HMG-CoA) which catalyzes rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis
More LDL removed from blood by liver |
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Term
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Definition
| Selective inhibitor of intestinal absorption of cholesterol and plant sterols |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure in mm of mercury during systole (heart contracting) |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure in mm of mercury between contractions (diastole) |
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Term
| Factors control blood pressure |
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Definition
Volume of fluid in blood vessels
Resistance to blood flow in circulation
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system |
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Term
| Treatment of Hypertension |
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Definition
Diuretics
Decrease sympathetic nervous system activity
Vasodilators
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
Calcium channel blocker |
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Term
| Thiazide (Hydrochlorothiazide) |
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Definition
| Diuretic, decreases blood volime by enhancing salt and water excretion by kidney, lowers resistance of blood vessels |
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Term
| Beta blocker (Propranolol) |
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Definition
| Causes blockafe of beta-adrenergic receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| Block alpha-adrenergic receptors and lowers BP by dilating arterioles and veins |
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Term
| Adrenergic neuron blocker (Reserpine) |
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Definition
| Binds and destroys storage vesicles in adrenergic neurons, depletes of catecholamine, BP decreases |
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Term
| Centrally acting (clonidine) |
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Definition
| Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in brain stem (decreased sympathetic nervous system, reduced resistance of blood vessels, decreased BP) |
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Term
| Vasodilators (hydralazine) |
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Definition
| Direct relaxation of arterioles |
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Term
| Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (captopril) |
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Definition
| Acts on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone to inhibit conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II |
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Term
| Calcium channel blocker (nifedipine) |
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Definition
| Decreases amount of calcium reaching sites in cells of vascular smooth muscle, relaxation of arterioles |
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