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Definition
| psychic energy invested in an image |
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| differences in personality from one person to another person |
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| intrapersonal functioning |
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Definition
| psychological processes that take place within the person |
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| sets of orienting assumptions about reality, which provide guidelines for what kinds of ideas to use to create theories |
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| the quality of requiring few assumptions; simplicity |
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| a dynamic organization, in the person, of psychophysical systems that create the person's characteristic patterns of behavior, thoughts and feelings. |
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| an abstract statement that summarizes a set of principles pertaining to a class of events. |
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| an in-depth study of one individual. |
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| a relationship such that variation in one dimension produces variation in another. |
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Definition
| an association that is large enough to have some practical importance. |
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Definition
| a relationship in which two variables or dimensions covary when measured repeatedly. |
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| a numeric index of the degree of correlation between two variables. |
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Definition
| the variable measured as the out-come of an experiment; the "effect" in a cause-effect relation. |
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Definition
| statistics used to describe or characterize some group. |
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Definition
| the holding constant of variables that are not being manipulated. |
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Definition
| the method in which one variable is manipulated to test for causal influence on another variable. |
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Term
| experimental personality research |
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Definition
| a study involving a personality factor and an experimental factor. |
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Term
| generality (generalizability) |
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Definition
| the degree to which a conclusion applies to many people. |
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Term
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Definition
| the variable manipulated in an experiment, tested as the "cause" in a cause-effect relation. |
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Term
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Definition
| statistics used to judge the likelihood that a relationship exists between variables. |
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Definition
| a finding in which the effect of one prediction variable differs, depending on the level of another predictor variable. |
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Term
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Definition
| a finding in which the effect of one predictor variable is independent of other variables. |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of the whole person, as opposed to studying only one aspect of the person. |
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Term
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Definition
| an association being large enough to have practical importance. |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of putting people randomly into groups of an experiment so that their characteristics balance out across groups. |
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Term
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Definition
| an effect being unlikely to have occurred by chance, and thus being believable as real. |
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Term
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Definition
| the possibility that an unmeasured variable caused variations in both of two correlated variables. |
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Term
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Definition
| a dimension along which two or more variations exist. |
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Term
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Definition
| the response set of tending to agree, to say "yes" in response to any question. |
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Term
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Definition
| the measuring of personality. |
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Term
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Definition
| the accuracy with which a measure reflects the underlying concept. |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree to which a measure relates to other characteristics that are conceptually similar to what it's supposed to assess. |
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Term
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Definition
| the developing of a test by seeing which items distinguish between groups. |
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Definition
| the degree to which the measure correlates with a separate criterion of the same concept. |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree to which a scale does not measure unintended qualities. |
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Term
| empirical approach (to scale development) |
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Definition
| the use of data instead of theory to decide what should go into the measure. |
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Term
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Definition
| random influences incorporated in measurements. |
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Term
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Definition
| the scale "looking" as if it measures what it's supposed to measure. |
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Term
| internal reliability or internal consistency |
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Definition
| the agreement among responses made to the items of a measure. |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree of agreement between observers of the same events. |
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Term
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Definition
| a personality test measuring several aspects of personality on distinct subscales. |
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Definition
| a measure that incorporates no interpretation. |
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Term
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Definition
| an assessment in which someone else produces information on the person being assessed. |
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Definition
| the defining of a concept by the concrete events through which it is measured or manipulated. |
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Definition
| the degree to which the measure predicts other variables it should predict. |
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| rational approach (to scale development) |
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Definition
| the use of a theory to decide what you want to measure, then deciding how to measure it. |
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Definition
| consistency across repeated measurements. |
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Definition
| a biased orientation to answering. |
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Definition
| an assessment in which people make ratings pertaining to themselves. |
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Definition
| the response set or style of tending to portray oneself favorably. |
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Term
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Definition
| one way of assessing internal consistency among responses to items of a measure. |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure incorporating personal interpretation. |
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Term
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Definition
| the stability of measurements across time. |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure's "truthfulness," or the degree to which it actually measures what it is intended to measure. |
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