Term
| Name four functions of peripheral blood |
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Definition
1. Transport gases (O2, CO2)
2. Body temperature regulation
3. Delivers WBCs to target (sites of injury or infection)
4. Coagulation |
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Term
| In what way is blood (specialized CT) different than other CTs in composition? |
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Definition
| The ECM is more fluid than ECM of other CTs. |
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Term
| What are the cells and ECM of blood? |
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Definition
Cells: formed elements
ECM: plasma |
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Term
| What % of peripheral blood is hematocrit? Plasma? Buffy coat? |
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Definition
Hematocrit: 45%
Plasma: 55%
Buffy coat: 1% |
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Term
Compare amount of hematocrit between males and females
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Definition
Males: 40%-50%
Females: 35%-45% |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The primary plamsa protein |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
maintain colloid osmotic pressure
(osmotic pressure due to proteins in plasma) |
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Term
| Plasma-coagulation factors=?? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A clotting protein found in plasma, made by the liver |
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Term
| What are gamma globulins? |
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Definition
| They are made by plasma cells, and are globulins (antibodies) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where do all peripheral blood cells originate from? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| host defense and immunity |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Stains used to examine blood smears at light level |
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Definition
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|
Term
SIZE
- Erythrocytes
- neutrophils
- eosinophils
- basophils
- monocytes
- leukocytes
- platelets
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|
Definition
- 8-10 microns
- 12-14 microns
- 12 microns
- 12 microns
- 16-20 microns
- 8-10 microns
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Term
| What is the lifespan of erythrocytes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What can cause polycythemia in a healthy individual? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of the biconcave disk shape of RBCs |
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Definition
| This shape increases surface area for increased exposure of gases to hemoglobin |
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Term
| Where are erythrocytes removed from circulation? (3) |
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Definition
| In the spleen, liver and bone marrow |
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Term
| Where do erythrocytes exchange O2/CO2? |
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Definition
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Term
| What % of the population is Rh+ |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the contents of the buffy coat? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the concentration, per ml, of leukocytes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are WBCs transported? Where do they function? |
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Definition
| Transported in the blood stream. Function in the interstitial spaces |
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Term
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Definition
| This is the mechanism of WBCs exiting the blood vessel into the tissue. |
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Term
| What are the primary functions of WBCs? |
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Definition
| Response to injury and host defense |
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Term
| What are the two general types of WBCs? |
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Definition
| Granulocytes and agranulocytes |
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Term
| Name the three granulocytes |
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Definition
| Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils |
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Term
| Granulocytes are named for how their _________ __________ stain |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the two agranulocytes |
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Definition
| monocytes and lymphocytes |
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Term
| Name the two types of granules that all granulocytes have |
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Definition
| primary granules (lysosomes) and specific granules (secretory vesicles) |
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Term
| What is the most abundant of the granulocytes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name a distinguishing feature of a neutrophil |
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Definition
| Presence of a multilobed nuclei |
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Term
| Name the phagocytic granulocytes of WBCs |
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Definition
| neutrophils and eosinophils |
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Term
|
Definition
| Dead bacteria, necrotic tissue, dead neutrophils |
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|
Term
| Eosinophiles make up _____% of WBC count |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the nuclear profile of eosinophils? |
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Definition
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Term
| List 3 functions of eosinophils and which organelles are responsible |
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Definition
| Primary granules: reduce inflammation response and phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complex. Specific granules: destroy parasitic worms. Ewwwww |
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|
Term
| What does a eosinophil look like under EM |
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Definition
| Noticeable specific granules due to major basic protein internum. Looks like a cat's eye |
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Term
| What % of the WBC count are basophils? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What shape is the nucleus? |
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Definition
| S-shaped, but can rarely see it. |
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Term
| What is the function of basophils? |
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Definition
| Inflammatory response, hypersensitivity reasctions |
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Term
| What do the specific granules of basophils secrete? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do the secretory vesicles of basophils look like under EM? |
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Definition
| Large, dense electron rich |
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|
Term
| What type of secretion do basophils have? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Do agranulocytes have specific granules? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What does the nuclei of a monocyte often look like? |
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Definition
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Term
| Monocytes are ___-___% of WBC count |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the largest of the WBCs? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the function of a monocyte? |
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Definition
| Gives rise to marcophages |
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|
Term
| Which cells are antigen presenting cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| If lymphocytes are the second most numerous WBC, then what is the %? Guess. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the smallest of the WBCs? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is distinguishing about the nuclear profile of lymphocytes? |
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Definition
| Nucleus takes up most of the cytoplasm |
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|
Term
| What is the job of a lymphocyte? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Name two major types of lymphocytes |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Where are B-cells born and raised? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Where are T-cells born and raised? |
|
Definition
| Born in the bone marrow, raised in the thymus |
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|
Term
| What type of immunity do B-cells confer? |
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Definition
| Antibody-mediated immunity |
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Term
| What other cells do B-cell make? |
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Definition
| Plasma cells and memory B-cells |
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Term
| Are plasma cells constitutive or regulatory? |
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Definition
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Term
| T-cells confer _____ ________ immunity. |
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Definition
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Term
| At TEM what shape do platelets have? |
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Definition
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|
Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the life span of a platelet? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| They limit hemorrhage and stimulate inflammation |
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Term
| What are the three A's of platelet response? |
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Definition
| Activation, Adhesion, Aggregation |
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Term
| What cell do platelets come from? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are megakarayocytes found? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are demarcation channels? |
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Definition
| Found in megakaryocytes, these are specializations of the plasma membrane that "tear" off giving platelets |
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Term
| What is the primary site of hematopoiesis in the adult? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Where is the most common site for a bone marrow biopsy? |
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Definition
| Superior illiac crest (pelvis) |
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|
Term
| What are three red marrow functions? |
|
Definition
1. Produce/store cells.
2. Removal of aged cells from the blood
3. Recycling |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Resting red marrow with the potential to return to an active state. Fatty. |
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Term
| How is a bone marrow smear different to a peripheral blood smear? |
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Definition
| In a bone marrow smear there are lots of WBCs in different stages of maturation. In a peripheral blood smear there are mostly RBCs with a few mature WBCs |
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|
Term
| These are undifferentiated cells with mitotic activity (self replication). They often give rise to progenitor cells. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List in order from stem cells to mature cell. |
|
Definition
| Stem cell-->progenitor cell-->precursor cell-->mature cell |
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