Term
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Definition
•INFLAMMATION OF GINGIVAL TISSUES
•NO CLINICAL ATTACHMENT LOSS
•NO BONE LOSS |
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Term
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Definition
•CLINICAL ATTACHMENT LOSS
•DESTRUCTION OF GINGIVAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE FOLLOWED BY APICAL MIGRATION OF THE JE
•BONE LOSS |
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Term
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Definition
| •INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GINGIVITIS |
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Term
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Definition
| •INFLUENCES PERIODONTITIS |
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Term
| THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS AND THE IMMUNE PROCESS HAPPEN ______________ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
•THOSE NORMALLY FOUND IN THE BODY
•NEEDED TO FIGHT OFF INFECTION
•RESPONSIBLE FOR BOTH HOST DEFENSE AND TISSUE DESTRUCTION |
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Term
| EXAMPLES OF HOST CELLS ARE: |
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Definition
•MACROPHAGES
•LYPHOCYTES
•PMNs (NEUTROPHILS) |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE 3 MODELS OF DISEASE ACTIVITY? |
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Definition
•CONTINUOUS
•RANDOM
•ASYNCHRONOUS MULTIPLE BURST |
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Term
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Definition
| •SLOW AND CONSTANT PROCESS THROUGHOUT AGING |
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Term
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Definition
•AKA: EPISODIC RANDOM BURST THEORY
•SHORT BURST OF ACTIVITY FOLLOWED BY REMISSION
•SITE SPECIFIC*** |
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Term
| ASYNCHRONOUS MULTIPLE BURST THEORY |
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Definition
•ACTIVITY OCCURS DURING A LIMITED TIME PERIOD FOLLOWED BY REMISSION
•CAN RECUR |
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Term
| PERIODONTITIS DOES NOT DEVELOP UNLESS ____________ EXISTED PREVIOUSLY |
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Definition
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Term
| IN ORDER FOR GINGIVITIS TO PROGRESS INTO PERIODONTITIS, WHAT THINGS HAVE TO BE PRESENT? |
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Definition
•A DECREASE IN THE NUMBER OF GOOD BACTERIA
•A CRITICAL MASS OF BAD BACTERIA
•A CONDUCTIVE (OR FAVORABLE) ENVIRONMENT TO CAUSE DISEASE
•A SUSCEPTIBLE HOST THAT REACTS TO THE PATHOGENS |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE EARLY COLONIZERS? |
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Definition
•GRAM (+) FACULTATIVE BACTERIA (CAN LIVE WITH OR WITHOUT OXYGEN)
-STREPTOCOCCI AND ACTINOMYCES |
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Term
| WHAT TYPES OF BACTERIA ARE ASSOCIATED WITH PERIODONTITIS? |
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Definition
•PORPHYRROMONAS GINGIVALIS
•FUSOBACTERIUM NUCLEATUM
•EIKENELLA CORRODENS
•AA
•PREVOTELLA INTERMEDIA |
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Term
| BACTERIA RELEASE ____________ THAT ARE __________ TO CELLS AND TISSUES |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE 2 MOST COMMON EXAMPLES OF BY-PRODUCTS? |
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Definition
•AMMONIA (TOXIC TO MOST CELLS)
•HYDROGEN SULFIDE (INCREASES EPITHELIAL PERMEABILITY TO LET ANTIGENS IN) |
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Term
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Definition
| •BREAKS DOWN CEMENTING SUBSTANCES BETWEEN CELLS, MAKING WIDER INTERCELLULAR SPACES, INCREASING PERMEABILITY |
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Term
| MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES |
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Definition
•MMPs
•BREAK DOWN INTRACELLULAR MATRIX |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE ORAL DEFENSE MECHANISMS OF THE SUPRAGINGIVAL ENVIRONMENT? |
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Definition
•SALIVA
•ORAL EPITHELIUM
•SHEDDING OF EPITHELIAL CELLS |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE ORAL DEFENSE MECHANISMS OF THE GINGIVAL CREVICE? |
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Definition
| •GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID (WHICH COMES FROM THE BLOOD VESSELS IN THE LP) |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE ORAL DEFENSE MECHANISMS OF THE GINGIVAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE (LP)? |
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Definition
| •LOCATION OF THE INFLAMMATORY/IMMUNE CELLS |
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Term
| WHY IS KERATINIZED EPITHELIUM GOOD? |
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Definition
| •IT PREVENTS BACTERIA AND BY-PRODUCTS FROM ENTERING THE UNDERLYING TISSUES |
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Term
| THE INFLAMMATORY AND IMMUNE RESPONSE WORKS TOGETHER TO: |
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Definition
•ELIMINATE BACTERIA
•LIMIT FURTHER TISSUE DESTRUCTION
•BEGIN HEALING PHASE |
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Term
|
Definition
•NONSPECIFIC REACTION TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF INVADING BACTERIA
•IF INEFFECTIVE, CHRONIC INFLAMMATION CAN OCCUR
•CAN BE GOOD OR BAD |
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Term
| MICROSCOPIC MILD INFLAMMATORY REACTION CONSISTS OF: |
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Definition
| •PMNs IN THE JE MOVE INTO THE GINGIVAL CREVICE FROM THE LP |
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Term
| ALL BLOOD VESSELS ARE LOCATED IN THE _________ NOT THE ___________ |
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Definition
| •LAMINA PROPRIA NOT THE EPITHELIUM |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE STAGES OF THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS? |
|
Definition
•BIOFILM AT GINGIVAL MARGIN FORMS
•INFLAMMATION STARTS
•GINGIVAL TISSUES REACT TO BACTERIA AFTER 72 HOURS
•ACUTE INFLAMMATION
•FIRST INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IS VASCULAR - RESULTING IN CHANGING IN THE LAMINA PROPRIA |
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Term
| IS EPITHELIUM VASCULAR OR AVASCULAR? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| WHAT IS THE FIRST RESPONSE IN THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS? |
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Definition
| •VASODILATION OF BLOOD VESSELS IN THE LAMINA PROPRIA RESULTING IN INCREASED PERMEABILITY |
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Term
|
Definition
•FOUND IN CELL MEMBRANES
•INVOLVED IN VASODILATION
•CAUSE PAIN AND BONE LOSE |
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Term
|
Definition
•RELEASED FROM MAST CELLS
•CAUSES INCREASED PERMEABILITY OF BLOOD VESSELS |
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Term
| THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS CAUSES ___________ GCF FLOW |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
•FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE
•PHAGOCYTIC CELL
•LIVE ONLY 5 DAYS OUTSIDE OF BONE MARROW |
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Term
|
Definition
•THE "OTHER" PHAGOCYTIC CELL
•IN BLOOD, IT'S CALLED A MONOCYTE
•REMAIN IN CONNECTIVE TISSUE FOR MONTHS
•PRODUCE AND SECRETE CYTOKINES
•CAUSE DAMAGE TO HOST TISSUE |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE MAJOR CYTOKINES RELEASED BY MACROPHAGES? |
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Definition
•INTERLEUKIN-1 (IL-1)
•TNF |
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Term
|
Definition
| •ANTIBODIES THAT BIND TO THE SURFACE OF BACTERIA AND COAT IT SO THEY ARE MORE EASILY IDENTIFIED BY PMNs AND MACROPHAGES AND SWALLOWED |
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Term
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Definition
•GROUP OF PLASMA PROTEINS THAT DESTROY ANTIGENS AND ATTRACT PMNs
•ACTIVATED WHEN ANTIBODIES BIND TO ANTIGENS (CLASSIC)
•CAN ALSO BE ACTIVATED BY ENDOTOXINS |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF IMMUNE RESPONSE? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| IF THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE CANNOT ELIMINATE THE ANTIGENS EFFECTIVELY: |
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Definition
| •THE IMMUNE RESPONSE COMES INTO PLAY |
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Term
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Definition
•MACROPHAGES PRESENT ANTIGENS TO B-CELLS OR B-CELLS RECOGNIZE THE ANTIGENS
•B-CELLS TRANSFORM INTO PLASMA AND MEMORY CELLS
•PLASMA CELLS SECRETE ANTIBODIES |
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Term
| DURING THE IMMUNE RESPONSE, ______________ AND ________________ CAUSE BONE RESORPTION |
|
Definition
•CYTOKINES
•PROSTAGLANDINS |
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Term
| HUMORAL IMMUNITY IS TRIGGERED DURING ___________ AND ACTIVATED WHEN _______________ |
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Definition
•BACTERIAL INFECTIONS (PERIODONTAL DISEASE)
•THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IS INADEQUATE |
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Term
| THE MAJOR CELLS IN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM ARE: |
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Definition
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Term
| DURING IMMUNE RESPONSE, THE LYMPHOCYTES ORIGINATE IN THE ____________ |
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Definition
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Term
| THE 3 TYPES OF LYMPHOCYTES INVOLVED IN IMMUNE RESPONSE ARE: |
|
Definition
•B CELLS (MEDIATORS OF HUMORAL IMMUNITY)
•T CELLS (MEDIATORS OF CELLULAR IMMUNITY)
•NK CELLS |
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Term
| DURING HUMORAL IMMUNITY, B LYMPHOCYTES ARE TRANSFORMED INTO ____________ |
|
Definition
| •PLASMA CELLS, WHICH MAKE ANTIBODIES |
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Term
| DURING HUMORAL IMMUNITY, WHICH ANTIBODY PRODOMINATES? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| ______________ ARE FOUND IN THE LAMINA PROPRIA AT SITES WITH PERIODONTITIS |
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Definition
| •B CELLS (IN 90% OF CASES) |
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Term
|
Definition
| •EFFECTIVE AGAINST VIRUSES (HIV), FUNGI, AND CANCERS |
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Term
| DURING CELLULAR IMMUNITY, ____ CELLS MIGRATE FROM _________ INTO _________ AND __________ |
|
Definition
•T-CELLS
•BLOOD
•GINGIVAL TISSUES AND LYMPH NODES |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE 2 SUBSETS OF T-CELLS? |
|
Definition
•HELPER T-CELLS (CD4)
•SUPPRESSOR T-CELLS (CD8) |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE ROLE OF CD8 T-CELLS? |
|
Definition
| •TO MONITOR ALL OF THE CELLS OF THE BODY AND KILL FOREIGN ANTIGENS |
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Term
|
Definition
•AKA: KILLER CELLS
•HELP KEEP VIRUS-INFECTED OR MALIGNANT CELLS IN CHECK |
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|
Term
| MICROSCOPIC MILD INFLAMMATORY REACTION CONSISTS OF: |
|
Definition
| •PMNs IN THE JE MOVE INTO THE GINGIVAL CREVICE FROM THE LP |
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