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| 1876 Source Criticism, The New Documentary hypothesis: JEDP model. Restated the Documentary Hypothesis in its classical form upon an evolutionary basis and popularized it. Modern versions are based on it. |
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| 1504-1450 BC Thutmose III succeeded king Hapshetsut and he was so angry at her interference with his installment that he ordered her images throughout the land defaced. |
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| 1504-1483 BC. According to the 18th dynasty hypothesis, it has been suggested that she was the wife of Thutmose II, and she was Moses step-mother.After Thutmose II died, Hatshepsut kept Thutmose III, Thutmose II’S son off the throne, perhaps in hopes Moses would succeed instead. In the meantime Hatshepsut ruled Egypt, not as queen, but as king. |
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| Succeeded Amenhotep II to the throne. He was not Amenhotep II’s first born. |
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| Chronology-The Bible writers collected some of the stories about the children of Israel and placed them in a continuous sequence, which has caused some people to think the Bible has recorded a complete history, when in fact Moses and the other Bible writers have only provided a redemptive history of their lives |
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| (1949, 1972) Main pusher of tradition criticism, stresses the history behind the literary and pre-literary stages. |
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| Dream Stele of Thutmose IV is located between the paws of the Sphinx.It tells how Thutmose IV did not expect to become king, but did. This makes sense if he was not the first born. Claims he was awarded the throne for removing sand from around the sphinx |
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| Main protagonist of form criticism. The bible is folktales, myths and legends |
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| 1531-1518 BC Father of Hashepsut |
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Text used to come to Short Sojourn (based on LXX) conclusion,
965/6 BC = 480 yrs to Exodus = 1445 BC |
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| the central theme of the genealogies, like that of biblical theology itself, is connected with the covenant… an overall unifying organizational principle or “center” (German Mitte). |
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| (covenant and genealogy) the basic function of the genealogies is the biological succession, zera is a collective noun and seen as plural for God’s people. Ultimately, a single seed reaches us in terms of the messiah. An extension of the toledot formula outside of Genesis takes the family up to David and many others to the Messiah |
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| The day of atonement. The pinnacle of the chiasm of Leviticus and the Pentateuch! |
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| Linguistic pattern found in both prose and poetry, reversal or introversion of elements. Unifies composition. Argues for a single authorship |
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| Retrospective Recapitulation. Covenant reiterated |
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| Lev 11/: Holistic view of mankind |
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| Joshua, Judges, 1-2 Samuel, and 1-2 Kings |
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| Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel and the Minor Prophets. |
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| The Psalms and the wisdom Literature: Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Solomon, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, 1-2 Chronicles. |
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| 1453-1418, Son of Thutmose III, was placed on the throne along with his father as co-regent in 1453 BC. The first born son of Thutmose’s reign. Amenhotep II was off on a campaign in Syria in 1450 BC, at the time of his father’s death. Perhaps the Exodus. Since amenhotep II was not a first born, he himself was not affected by the plague of death. |
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| pieces of “money” (not real money, but an “old measure of weight” of something considered valuable) is used only 3 times in the Bible (Gen 33:19; Job 42:11: Josh 24:32) in the early books |
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| Proto-Sinaitic inscriptions |
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| also known as Proto-Canaanite, was the first consonantal alphabet. Even a quick and cursory glance at its inventory of signs makes it very apparent of this script's Egyptian origin. |
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| Emphasis on the word kipper “to make atonement” and the Day of Atonement as the focal point of the chiastic structure of the Pentateuch indicate a major emphasis on the plan of redemption |
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| Defilement by association |
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| What is clean becomes common or ritually defiled (Mark 7, Acts 10) |
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| There is a chiastic structure to the Pentateuch with the Day of Atonement in Leviticus 16 falling at the focal point in the structure |
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Cemetery where two silver amulets were found containing a section of the priestly Benediction (Num 6:24-25)
this archaeological find indicates that this part of the biblical text was well known before the destruction of the Temple, after which the priestly code was theoretically written. |
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Sworn agreement between two parties where no blood relationship exists:
Parity- between two equals
Suzeranty - between two non-equals |
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Linear: Traces only one line of descent from a living member to a single ancestor in the past
Segmented: expresses more than one line of descent from a single ancestor to two or more living members |
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| Originator of the Documentary Hypothesis |
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| The meaning of the acronymns JEDP |
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J: Yahwist
E: Elohist
D: Deuteronomist
P: Priestly |
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H = Heiligkeit or Holiness Code (Ezekiel)
L = Lei or Lay source (in contrast to Priestly source)
B = Bundesbuch or Covenant Book (Exod 20-23) |
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| What are the major sections of the Hebrew Bible? |
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Torah: The law
Nebiim: The prophets
Ketubim: The writings |
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| Who was the Pharaoh of the death decree? |
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| Who was the Pharaoh who lost his son in the 10th plague? |
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| Who was the Pharaoh ofthe Exodus? |
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| Biblical site name updates |
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Names were updated for the time frame of the audience reading the text.
Examples:
Gen 14:14 Dan site or person did not exist at this time
The original name od the site was Leshem or Laish (Josh. 19:47, Judg. 18:7, 14, 27) but has been updated by a later scribe in order for later readers of the Pentateuch to know where the exact place was in their time. |
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| The relationship between the Bible and history |
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The authors of the OT and the NT didn’t write as historians though there is a certainly history in the Bible
The Bible is a redemptive history book. |
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| Based on the grace of the suzerain who would protect the vassal if the obligations on their part were met. Covenant between two non-equals…two variations |
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| Covenant between equals, based on obligations of each party. Ex. Two kings |
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| General and Special Revelation |
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General: Through nature within and without!
Special: Through God’s disclosure |
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| The meaning of the word salvation |
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| deliverance from all that interferes with the enjoyment of God’s blessings. |
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| General tendency of Pentateuchal Law and its relationship to other ancient law codes |
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| are both similarities and differences between biblical and non-biblical laws. When not the same, the biblical versions appear to be more rigorous but at the same time more equitable than the other. |
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| Basis for ethical demand of not eating unclean foods |
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| God’s previous salvation, and this is the motivation for all moral and ethical demands, in this case (Lev 11:45) for not eating unclean foods |
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| Meaning of the word Pentateuch |
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| The word is a combo Greek word. Pente, five. Teuxos, a case for carrying scrolls and later for the scrolls, themselves. Hence the 5 scrolls, referring to the practice of the dividing large treatises into practical subdivisions (sep. books). |
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| Names of the Hebrew books of the Pentateuch |
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Beresit: in the beginning, LXX geneseos, generations, Genesis
Shemot: the names, LXX exodus, exit,
departure, exodus.
Wayyikra: and he called. LXX Leviticon, levites, Leviticus.
Bemidbar: in the wilderness. LXX apismoi, Numbers: Numbers
Debarim: The words. LXX deutoronomion, second law giving, Deuteronomy |
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| Conditional and unconditional elements of the covenant |
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| There are actually two sides of the covenant, one emphasizing promissory aspects such as if the covenants w/ Abraham and David, the other focusing on conditions and stipulations (the Mosaic covenant in Ex. 20-24). Neither lack promises or stipulations. There is actually one covenant of grace between God and his people, both conditional and unconditional elements characterize the covenant relationship |
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