Term
| What drugs are classified as sulfonylureas? |
|
Definition
Glipizide
Glyburide
Glimepiride |
|
|
Term
| What is the drug class of repaglinide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the drug class of nateglinide? |
|
Definition
| D-phenylalanine derivative |
|
|
Term
| MOA of sulfonylureas, repaglinide, and nateglinide? |
|
Definition
Secretagogues
Block K+ channels in beta cells --> depolarization --> influx of Ca++ --> release of stored insulin |
|
|
Term
| Which sulfonylurea may cause flushing w/ alcohol ingestion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which sulfonylurea should be avoided in pts w/ renal impairment and why? |
|
Definition
| Glyburide- renally excreted active metabolites |
|
|
Term
| For which sulfonylurea does food delay absorption? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antidiabetic drug class can cause atypical fractures? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which TZD can lower triglycerides and raise HDL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the incretin hormones? |
|
Definition
Gut hormones released in response to
oral glucose
Principal hormones:
• GLP-1
• Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide(GIP) |
|
|
Term
| What enzyme rapidly degrades GLP-1 and is a target for antidiabetic therapy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What suffix is common for GLP-1 agonists? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What suffix is common for DPP-4 inhibitors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Common suffix for SGLT2 inhibitors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which SGLT2 inhibitor is associated with increased breast and bladder cancer risk? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is used to calculate CrCl in peds: Cockcroft-Gault or Schwartz equation? |
|
Definition
| Schwartz (C-G is for adults) |
|
|
Term
| why should lidocaine be avoided as topical analgesic for teething pain? |
|
Definition
| BBW: can cause cardiac abnormalities, seizures |
|
|
Term
| Why should topical benzocaine be avoided in infants? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why should tetracyclines be avoided in children/pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| Tooth discoloration/tissue hyperpigmentation |
|
|
Term
| Negative effects of protein-bound medications in neonates? |
|
Definition
| Replace bilirubin bound to albumin --> hyperbilirubinemia --> can go to brain and cause kernicterus |
|
|
Term
| Examples of common protein-bound meds to avoid in neonates? |
|
Definition
| Ceftriaxone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (bactrim) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Progressive encephalopathy; can lead to seizures
Caution in use of salicylates such as ASA in children w/ viral infections |
|
|
Term
| What is first and second line therapy for acute OM and community-acquired pneumonia in peds? |
|
Definition
Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin-clavulanate |
|
|
Term
| MOA of clavulanate in augmentin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Major adverse effect of clavulanate K+? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indication for bactrim in peds? |
|
Definition
| Soft-tissue infections, UTI |
|
|
Term
| Adverse effect of bactrim? |
|
Definition
|
|
