Term
|
Definition
| stimulation of persons immune sys to produce immunity |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| protection by products produced animal or human and transfered to another human |
|
|
Term
| which vaccines provide life long immunity? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 examples of live attenuated vaccines: |
|
Definition
1,2,3: MMR
4. varicella
5. rotovirus |
|
|
Term
| which class of vaccines require boosters |
|
Definition
| inactivated & polysacharide vaccines |
|
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Term
| difference btwn polysaccharide and unconjugated polysaccharide vaccines: |
|
Definition
polysaccharid = just sugar moiety (unable to obtain booster)
unconjugated = sugar plus protein (able to obtain booster) |
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|
Term
| Corynebacterium diptheria: gram + or - |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| mechanism of diptheria toxin: |
|
Definition
| deterioration of myelin sheaths of CNS & PNS |
|
|
Term
| what are the 2 types of diptheria infections: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| key word: "dirty gray membrane" |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| respiratory diptheria: toxigenic or non-toxigenic diptheria? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| cutaneous diptheria: toxic or non-toxic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| person to person; phys and respiratory contact |
|
|
Term
| which is more severe, cutaneous or respiratory diptheria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical features of diptheria: |
|
Definition
sore throat
adherant gray membrane on tonsils
"bull neck" (severe dz) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| severe cases get anti-toxin & erythromycin |
|
|
Term
| anaerobic, spore forming, gram positive bacteria in soil & animal feces: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mechanism of tetani toxin: |
|
Definition
| interferes w neurotransmitter release to block inhibitor impulses |
|
|
Term
| incubation period for tetani: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 clinical features for tetanus: |
|
Definition
1. trismus(lock jaw)
2. dysphagia
3. muscle rigidity
4. spasms (3-4wks)
5. awake/PAIN |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tetanus immunoglobulin IV or IM
metronidazole IV
Diazapam
tetanus vaccine |
|
|
Term
| organism for whooping cough: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is B pertusis transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 stages of pertusis infection: |
|
Definition
1. catarrhal (rhinorrhea/cough/uri)
2. proximal (continuous cough w whoop)
3. convelescent (gradual resolution wks - months) |
|
|
Term
| children w cough >14 days consider |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
supportive care,
macrolides,
vaccine, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| direct contact w resp droplets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| erythromycin or azithromycin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx for 95% of polio patients: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 presentations of polio: |
|
Definition
1. asymptomatic
2. gastroenteritis
3. paralysis |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is measeles contagious? |
|
Definition
| 4d before, 4d after rash onset |
|
|
Term
| Key word: "Koplick spots" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rash beginning on scalp line that descends & lesions may become confluent: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 prodrome Sx for measles: |
|
Definition
1. increasing fever
2. coryza
3. cough
4. conjuctivitis
5. koplick spots |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| white spots in mouth, assoc w measles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
when was the last mumps outbreak?
contributing factors: |
|
Definition
| 2006: college campus, lack of MMR vaccination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is mumps contagious? |
|
Definition
| 1-7d before onset and 9d after |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| HA, Fatigue, salivary gland inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IgM within 5d of onset, swab for viral culture of affected salivary gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tylenol, cold/hot compress, avoid things that cause salivation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| direct contact with nasopharyngeal secretions and crosses placental barier |
|
|
Term
| when is Rubella contagious? |
|
Definition
| 7d before and 5-7d after onset of rash |
|
|
Term
| infants with RUbella and CRS can shed the virus for up to: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rubella clinical stages:3 |
|
Definition
1. prodrome = low grade fever
2. lymphadenopathy in second week
3. maculopapilar rash 14-17d after exposure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. tylenol/IBP for pain
2. cold/hot compress
3. avoid fruit juice,acidic foods |
|
|
Term
| type of bacteria: Strep pneumoniae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the leading cause for bacterial meningitis in patients <5yo? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| transmission of S. pneumo: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 clinical syndromes of pneumococcal infections: |
|
Definition
1. pneumonia
2. bacteremia
3. meningitis |
|
|
Term
| 5 S/Sx of pneumococcal pneumonia: |
|
Definition
1. abrupt onset
2. Fever/chills
3. pleuritic CP
4. productive cough
5. dyspnea/tachypnea/hypoxia |
|
|
Term
| what is a common bacterial complication of influenza & measles: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type of bacteria: nisseria meningitidis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where on the body does nisseria meningitidis colonize? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| two classes of infection that make up 43% and 47% of Nisseria meiningitidis infections respectively: |
|
Definition
47% meningitis
43% bacteremia |
|
|
Term
| Fever, petechial/purpuric rash, hypotension, multiorgan failure: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. culture
2. Gram stain
3. Antigen detection in CSF or serum |
|
|
Term
| ABx for nisseria meningitidis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| primary infection of varicella zoster results in: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| recurrent infection from varicella zoster results in: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| transmission of varicella zoster: |
|
Definition
1. respiratory droplet
2. fluid from pox vesicle |
|
|
Term
| when are pregnant women at risk for congenital varicella syndrome? |
|
Definition
| first 20weeks of pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| varicella zoster clinical findings: |
|
Definition
1. mild fever
2. rhinorrhea
3. pruitic vesicular rash on head mostly on trunk |
|
|
Term
| transmission of rotavirus: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is rotavirus season? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| after you've had rotavirus can you be infected agian? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical findings for rotavirus: |
|
Definition
1. vomitting
2. watery diarrhea
3. Fever
4. Abd pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stool specimen rapid antigen detection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| self limited 3-8 days, prevent dehydration |
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