Term
| 2 Main areas of problems in radiographer confidence |
|
Definition
1- communication skills
2- immobilization techniques |
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Term
| 2 parents are usually dealt with: |
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Definition
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Term
| Dealing with Agitated Parent |
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Definition
-fear may be cause of agitation
-remain calm
-speaking in a soothing voice
-introduce yourself and escort to private area (avoids upsetting others in waiting room)
-listen to concern without interruption
-provide explanation and comfort |
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Term
| Parent participation is usually better when both or one parent helps? |
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Definition
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Term
| Employing Distraction Techniques with the Child |
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Definition
-ask about school, sports, siblings, pets, etc.
-become familiar with popular cartoons, tv, music, etc.
-knowledge of their world builds rapport |
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Term
| Immediate praise needed for children between the ages of: |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
-greet pt. and parent with a warm smile
-talk to child at their eye level
-introduce yourself and confirm you have correct pt.
-state briefly what you are going to do
-suggest child come with you to help with some pictures
-use sincere praise; immediate praise (ages 3-7)
-employ distractions |
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|
Term
Age Specific Needs
(Infant - 6 months): |
|
Definition
| warmth, security, & nourishment |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-Do not distinguish among caregivers
-startled by loud stimuli
-comforted by pacifier and familiar objects |
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|
Term
Age Specific Needs
(6 months - 2 yrs): |
|
Definition
| fearful of pain, separation from parents, limitations in movement |
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|
Term
|
Definition
-usually require most assertive immobilization techniques
-parental participation helpful |
|
|
Term
Age Specific Needs
(2-4 yrs):
|
|
Definition
| Very curious, enjoy fantasy & games |
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|
Term
|
Definition
-cooperate readily if treated like a game
-respond to praise |
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|
Term
Age Specific Needs
(5 years): |
|
Definition
-confident children respond well and with advanced maturity
-scared children will cling to parent and act much younger |
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Term
Age Specific Needs
(6-8 yrs): |
|
Definition
| ideal age for inexperienced radiographers |
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|
Term
|
Definition
-eager to please
-easy to communicate with
-very modest |
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|
Term
Age Specific Needs
(Preteens & Adolescents): |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-need clear explanation and questions answered
-sensitive issues arise due to possibility of pregnancy, since menstruation onset varies
-if possible, female radiographer should inquire about menstruation with this age group |
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Term
| Special Needs Patients Over Age 8: |
|
Definition
| Child seeks autonomy & independence |
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Term
| Premature infant greatest danger: |
|
Definition
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Term
| To reduce risk of hypothermia with a premature infant you should: |
|
Definition
| examine infants in warmer or isolette when possible |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| as a result of spina bifida=cleft in neural arches of vertebra |
|
|
Term
myelomeningocele
(definition) |
|
Definition
| congenital defect characterized by cystic protrusion of the meninges, spinal cord tissue & fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital defect consisting of herniation covered in a thin, membranous sac of peritoneum containing bowel and perhaps liver |
|
|
Term
Gastroschisis
(definition) |
|
Definition
| similar condition as omphalocele, but herniation occurs lateral to umbilicus and the bowel is not covered by the sac |
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Term
| Epiglottitis is treated as an: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Epiglottitis
(definition) |
|
Definition
| one of the most common causes of acute upper airway obstruction in children |
|
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Term
| Epiglottitis is usually caused by: |
|
Definition
Haemophilus infuenzae
-perform single lateral image w/out moving patient's head or neck |
|
|
Term
| Peak incidence of Epiglottitis is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
(definition) |
|
Definition
| "brittle bone" disease, or OI |
|
|
Term
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta is prone to: |
|
Definition
spontaneous fractures or fractures that occur with minimal trauma
-technical factors need to be reduced |
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|
Term
|
Definition
described as "the involvement of physical injury, sexual abuse, or deprivation of nutrition, care, or affection in circumstances which indicated that injury or deprivation may not be accidental or have occurred through neglect"
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|
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Term
| Radiographer should report suspicion to: |
|
Definition
| radiologist or attending physician |
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|
Term
|
Definition
-should never be a traumatic, torturous event for child
-should never cause harm
-good communication strategies required
-most important consideration to eliminating motion |
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Term
| Newborn-3 yr old Chest Exam |
|
Definition
-good inspiratory image required for accurate diagnosis
-place child in Pigg-O-Stat using appropriate sleeve size |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-place patient in seated position or stand as normal
-for lateral, arms raised with head held between them |
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Term
| Hip Exam is most often ordered to assess: |
|
Definition
-Legg-Clave-Perthes disease (avascular necrosis)
-congenital hip dislocation
-nonspecific hip pain |
|
|
Term
| True/False: A diaper on an infant must NOT be removed for a Hip Exam |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Both sides of the Hip are examined for: |
|
Definition
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Term
| During a skull exam on patients 3 years old and younger, immobilize by using the _________ technique |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A skull exam on a ped.'s patient generally requires a ______ of CR angle by ______ degrees. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Limb Exams on a Newborn - 2 yrs old |
|
Definition
-presents greatest challenge
-requires modified "bunny" wrapping technique
-plexiglas and bookend used to immobilize limb of interest
-velcro band used for safety |
|
|
Term
Limb exams for Preschoolers
|
|
Definition
-best examined seated in parent's lap
-if parent unable to assist, immobilize child as described for younger children |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Pigg-O-Stat useful for infants to young children
-For supine patient, immobilize as described for hip and pelvis |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Octagonal immobilizer or modified "bunny" wrap are useful for younger children |
|
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Term
| Bone Age is used to evaluate: |
|
Definition
| degree of skeletal maturation |
|
|
Term
| Bone Age becomes a concern: |
|
Definition
| If child's development is well behind or well advanced of peers |
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Term
| Bone Age standard exam is: |
|
Definition
| AP projection of Left Hand and wrist |
|
|
Term
| Bone Age exams of 1-2 yr olds often include |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Foreign Bodies: Aspirated |
|
Definition
| common cause of respiratory distress in children between 6 months & 3 yrs of age |
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|
Term
| Many times object aspirated is _________, requiring esophageal studies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lateral soft tissue neck exam can be used for |
|
Definition
| Foreign bodies: aspirated |
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|
Term
Foreign Bodies: aspirated
PA chest is taken on inspiration and expiration to check if: |
|
Definition
| object is lodged in bronchus |
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Term
| Lateral chest is also taken in a foreign bodies: aspiration situation to: |
|
Definition
| see location of foreign body |
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