Term
| Cause of chest pain that presents as dull, heavy, crushing pain, is predictable w/exercise and is relieved by rest or NTG. No recent change in timing. |
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Definition
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Term
| sharp chest pain associated with respiration |
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Definition
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Term
| One characteristic of chest wall pain is that it becomes worse with _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are symptoms of myocardial infarction? |
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Definition
| Shortness of breath, dyspnea, tachypnea, choking, orthopnea (difficulty breathing while lying flat) |
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Term
| Equipment needed for a cardiovascular exam: (6) |
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Definition
B/P cuff
Watch with second hand
Stethoscope
Ruler
Quiet room
Tangential light source |
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Term
| After taking general survey and checking vital signs, what must you do before auscultating? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what three positions should you auscultate? |
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Definition
| supine, sitting, left lateral decubitus |
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Term
| you should palpate the carotids and temporal arteries and auscultate for _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 3 physiological events that could affect BP: |
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Definition
pregnancy
adrenaline rush
fainting or pain |
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Term
| When choosinng a BP cuff it should not be more than 2/3 the ______ of the ____ arm, and the ______ _______ should be 3/4ths the ____________ of the limb. |
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Definition
length
upper
bladder length
circumference |
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Term
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Definition
| systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure |
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Term
| When documenting respirations you should include: (4) |
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Definition
Rate
Depth
Regularity
Effort |
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Term
| _______ ______- when BP and pulse are taken supine and standing with at least 1 minute between measures. |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
inspection
palpation
auscultation
percussion
special exams |
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Term
| When palpating you are looking for signs of: (7) |
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Definition
Pulses
Tenderness
Pulsations
Vibrations
Deformities
Temperature
Edema |
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Term
| When inspecting you are looking for: (7) |
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Definition
Discomfort
Dyspnea
Deformity
Pulsations
Edema
Clubbing
Skin Discoloration |
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Term
| Three positions typically used in the cardiovascular exam: |
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Definition
Sitting erect & leaning forward
Laying supine (recumbent)
Left lateral decubitus position |
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Term
| In a patient with barrel chest, heart sounds will be _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between the arterial pulse and the apical impulse for the physical exam? |
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Definition
| difference is when feeling the arterial pulse you are feeling the blood pressure through the arteries and at the apical impulse you are feeling the muscle as it beats in the heart. |
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Term
| The Point of Maximal Intensity is located at the ______________________. |
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Definition
| left 5th intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line |
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Term
| The ______ _______ is found at the point of maximal intensity. |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ heart sound is associated with closure of ______ and tricuspid valves- marks the beginning of ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The aortic area of auscultation is found at the_____________________. |
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Definition
| Right 2nd intercostal space at the sternal border |
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Term
| The pulmonic area of auscultation is found at the __________________. |
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Definition
| Left 2nd intercostal space at the sternal border |
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Term
| The ________ area of auscultation is found at the 4th intercostal space on the left between the 2nd pulmonic and mitral areas of auscultation. |
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Definition
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Term
| The 2nd pulmonic area of auscultation is found at the __________________. |
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Definition
| 3rd intercostal space on the L at the sternal border |
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Term
| The ________ area of auscultation is found at the 5th intercostal space on the left at the mid-clavicular line. |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ heart sound is associated with the closure of ______ and pulmonary valves and marks the end of ________. |
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Definition
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Term
S1= M1 + ____
S2= ___ + P2 |
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Definition
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Term
| S2 marks the beginning of ________ and is the contraction phase of the heart. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is heard loudest at the apex, ___ is heard loudest at the base. |
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Definition
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Term
| The third heart sound is associated with atrial ____________. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The fourth heart sound is associated with atrial _____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Diastolic heart sounds are ___-pitched. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which part of the heart do you auscultate when the patient is in left lateral decubitus position? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 8 pulses that you could check in a cardiovascular exam: |
|
Definition
temporal
carotid
brachial
femoral
radial
posterior tibialis
dorsalis pedis
popliteal |
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Term
| When checking the _______ pulse, do not check both sides at the same time. |
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Definition
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Term
| You do not need to check the ______ pulse if you can find the radial pulse, and you do not need to check the ________ pulse if you can find the dorsalis pedis pulse. |
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Definition
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Term
| Carefully palpate the _______ pulse in an elderly patient to avoid dislodging any plaques. |
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Definition
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Term
| A ______ is the sound made by turbulent blood flow passing through the artery. |
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Definition
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Term
| Bruits are best heard with the ____ of the stethoscope. |
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Definition
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|
Term
systole = ventricular __________
diastole = ventricular __________ |
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Definition
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|
Term
+4 pulses = _______
+3 pulses = ________
+2 pulses = ________
+1 pulses = ________
0 pulses = ________ |
|
Definition
bounding
full or increased
expected or "normal"
diminished or barely palpable
absent or not palpable |
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Term
| pulsus alternans indicates weakness of the ________ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| bigeminal pulse- has a regular rhythm but is actually an ________ heart beat |
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Definition
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|
Term
| pulsus paradoxus- pulse wave weakens during ________ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| a bounding pulse has a fast _______ followed by a fast ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| a water hammer pulse has a bounding sharp amplitude, a narrow _______, and a sudden descent |
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Definition
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Term
| Right and left femoral bruits can be heard at a point midway between the ____ and the pubic ______, inferior to the _______ _______. |
|
Definition
ASIS
symphysis
inguinal ligament |
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Term
| Ulcers as a result of venous insufficiency are _________. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Ulcers as a result of arterial insufficiency are _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Signs of venous disease include ______ stasis, _____, ulcers, dermatitis, and __________ staining. |
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Definition
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Term
| Homan's sign, clubbing, and jugular venous pressure (distention) are tests for ___________ disease. |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ of legs can be secondary to heart failure. |
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Definition
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Term
Pitting edema:
1+ = ________
2+ = ________
3+ = ________
4+ = ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| measuring jugular venous pressure provides a clinical indication of the pressure that is found in the _____ ______ of the heart, which can become abnormally elevated in certain disease states. |
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Definition
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Term
| Kussmaul's sign- when mean _____ _____ _______ increases during inspiration. Should consider constrictive _________. |
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Definition
jugular venous pressure
pericarditis |
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Term
| Hepatojugular reflux sign- better named __________ ____ ____. |
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Definition
| abdominojugular reflux sign |
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Term
| To elicit ______ sign, first support the patient's thigh with one hand and his foot with the other. Bend his leg slightly at the knee, and then firmly and abruptly dorsiflex the ankle. Deep calf pain indicates a _______ _______ sign. This can be an indication of _____ ________ ______. |
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Definition
Homan's
positive Homan's sign
deep venous thrombosis |
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Term
| The head of the bed must be ______ ____ degrees to test for jugular venous distention. |
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Definition
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Term
| To test hepatojugular reflux, you should palpate just below the ______ while observing the ______ veins. |
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Definition
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