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Definition
| Cells in the peripheral nervous system that produce myelin sheath around axons. |
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| Cells that myelinate CNS axons as well as provide structural framework for the CNS. |
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| Cells in the CNS that maintain the integrity of the blood brain barrier, regulate nutrient and dissolved gas concentrations, and absorb and recycle neurotransmitters. |
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| CNS cells that removes cellular debris and pathogens. |
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| CNS cells that line the brain ventricles and aid in the production, circulation, and monitoring of cerebral spinal fluid. |
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| PNS cells that surround the neuron cell bodies in the ganglia |
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| Norepinephrine / Epinephrine |
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Definition
| Neurotransmitter synthesized from dopamine. |
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Definition
| Drug that blocks the possynaptic acetylcholine receptors so that acetylcholine is unable to interact with the receptor. This leads to paralysis by blocking nerve impulses to muscles. |
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Definition
| Drug that prevents the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic membrane and results in paralysis. |
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Definition
| Druge used as nerve gas and insecticides. It inhibits the activity of acetylcholinesterase which results in the acetylcholine not being degraded in the synapse and continued affect on the postsynaptic membrane. This leads to uncoordinated muscular contractions. |
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Definition
| Neurons that carry information from the external or internal environment to the brain or spinal cord. |
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Definition
| Neurons that carry information from the brain or spinal cord to the various parts of the body. |
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Definition
| Bundles of axons covered with connective tissue. |
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Definition
| A network of nerve fibers. |
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Definition
| System that consists of the brain and the spinal cord. |
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Definition
| This part of the brain consists of the telencephalon and the diencephalon. |
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Definition
| Major component of the telencephalon of the forebrain that is highly convoluted gray matter. It is responsible for integrating sensory impute and motor responses and is important for memory and creative though. |
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Definition
| Part of the hindbrain that modulate motor impulses initiated by the cerbral cortex and is important in the maintenance of balance, hand-eye coordination, and the timing of rapid movement. |
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| Part of the hindbrain that controls breathing, heart rate, and gastrointestinal activity. |
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| Elongated extension of the brain that acts as a conduit for sensory information to the brain and motor information from the brain. Information enter it through the dorsal horn and leave though the ventral horn. |
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Definition
| Nervous system that is under voluntary control and innervates skeletal muscles. |
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Term
| Sympathetic Nervous system |
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Definition
| Nervous system that is responsible for the "fight or flight" response. It uses epinephrine and norepinephrine as its neurotransmitters. It is responsible for heart rate increase, increased blood flow to the skeletal muscles, and a decrease of gut motility. It also dilates bronchioles to increase gas exchange. |
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Term
| Parasympathetic Nervous system |
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Definition
| Part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the "rest and digest" response. It lowers heart rate and increases gut motility. It uses the vagus nerve and acetylcholine. |
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Definition
| Protein that pumps 3 Na out for every 2 it transports into the cell. |
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Definition
| Na rushes down its electrochemical gradient into the cell, |
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Definition
| K rushes out of the cell down its electrochemical gradient |
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Definition
| Thick, opaque white layer that covers the eye. |
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Definition
| Layer of the eye underneath the sclera that helps to supply the retina with blood. It is dark and helps reduce the reflection in the eye. |
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Definition
| Intermost layer of the eye that contains photoreceptors that sense light. |
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Definition
| Transparent layer in the front of the eye that bends and focuses light rays. |
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Definition
| Opening in the eye that light passes through. It's diameter is controlled by the iris. |
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Definition
| muscles that control the shape and length of the lens of the eyes behind the pupil. |
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Definition
| First part of the ear that sound passes through. It consists of the auricle and the auditory canal. |
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Term
| tympanic membrane eardrum |
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Definition
| part of the middle ear that vibrates at the same frequency as the incoming sound. |
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Term
| ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) |
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Definition
| the 3 bones of the ear that amplify the stimulus and transmit it through the oval window. |
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