Term
| Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy |
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Definition
| JC virus infection of oliogodendrocytes leading to myelin loss |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Relapse remitting or progressive |
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Term
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Definition
| Autoimmunity against myelin sheath |
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Term
| MS innitiated by what types of cells |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What provides the oligoclonal bands in CSF |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the most frequent areas for plagues in MS |
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Definition
| Lateral Ventricles, cerebellum,brainstem, optic nerve and chiasm |
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Term
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Definition
| On BV with immunologlobulin and complement |
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Term
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Definition
| On BV but no immunoglobulin or complement |
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Term
|
Definition
| Not on vessel but has complement or immunoglobulin |
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Term
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Definition
| not on BV no immunoglobulin or complement |
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Term
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Definition
| Elevated protein, elevated cell count, oligoclonial bands (IgG levels), gadolinium enhances lesions on MRI |
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Term
| what is Neuromyelitis Optica |
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Definition
| bilateral optic neuritits and spinal cord demelination |
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Term
| What is the cause of Neuromyelitis Optica |
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Definition
| Due to AI against aquaporin channels leading to destruction of BBB and necrosis and inflammation of the optic nerve by complement and immunoglobulin |
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Term
| what causes Acute Disseminated encephalomhyelitis |
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Definition
| Follows viral infection or immunization |
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Term
| How does Acute Disseminated encephalomhyelitis present |
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Definition
| Headache, lethargy, coma can lead to death or complete recovery |
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Term
| what is Acute Necronizing hemmorrhagic encephalomyelitis |
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Definition
| AI demyelination which affects children and adolescents after an upper respiratory infection |
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Term
| How do lesions differ in ADEM from MS |
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Definition
| Lesions all appear similar and occur only in white matter |
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Term
| How does Acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis differ from ADEM |
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Definition
| includes destruction of small blood vessels, necrosis of white and grey matter, hemmorages, fibrin deposits and neutrophils |
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Term
| what is the cause of Central Pontine Myelinolysis |
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Definition
| Rapid Hyponatremia or other electrolite disorders |
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Term
| Where does central pontine myelinolysis present |
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Definition
| In pons and pontine tegmentum, rarely below ponsmedullary junction |
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Term
| Clincal presentation of Central pontine myelinolysis |
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Definition
| rapidly evolving quadraplegia, and imaging of pons lesions without inflammation |
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Term
| What is the mutated protein in Huntingtons |
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Definition
| Expaneded polyglutamine repeats |
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Term
| What is the peptide that causes Alzheimers |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the altered protein in Parkinsons |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| widened sulci , cortical atrophy, ventricular enlargement, reduced brain volume, plaques and tangles |
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Term
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Definition
| AB peptides which stain for amyloid but lack the astrocytes and glial cells surrounding, early onset of development |
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Term
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Definition
| remnanats of neurofibrial tangles even after neuron cell death |
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Term
| Component of neurotangles |
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Definition
| Tau protein, MAP2 and ubiquitin |
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Term
| Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy |
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Definition
| Often accompanies AD, with pred AB 40 |
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Term
| Granulovaculolar degeneration |
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Definition
| small, clear vacuoles with argyrophilic granules |
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Term
|
Definition
| long eosinophilic beeded filaments with actin as major component |
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Term
| What is cleaved to form AB in AD |
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Definition
| APP surface protein by b-secretase followed by y-secretase |
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Term
| Where is APP mutations found |
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Definition
Chrom 21- Down Syndrome features
PS1 and PS2 |
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Term
| What is the usual terminal illness of those with Alzhemers Disease |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| degeneration and atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes leading to language and personalitiy changes |
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Term
| Knife Edge, wafer thin gyri |
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Definition
| Picks Disease (morphology) |
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Term
| Contain 3R ONLY and do not produce ghosts |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Progressive Supranuclear Palsy |
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Term
| Progressive Supranuclear Palsy |
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Definition
| dementia, ridgid trunk, dysequillibrium, nuchal dystonia, pseudobulbular palsy, abnormal speech, occular disturbacnces in superior direction |
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Term
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Definition
| Corticobasal Degeneration |
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Term
| Extraparmidal ridgity, senesory dysfunction of language and apraxia, jerking limb movements---4R-Tau |
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Definition
| Corticobasal Degeneration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in parkinsons |
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Definition
| loss of substantia niagra due to damage to chatamecholine neurons |
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Term
| Pill rolling, festinated gait and slow motor movements |
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Definition
| Parkinsins defining features |
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Term
|
Definition
| Can lead to parkinson like symptoms when used to make psychodelic drugs |
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