Term
| During the cephalic phase of gastric secretion, there is an increased flow of |
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Definition
| action potentials along the VAGUS nerve to the stomach. |
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Term
| The production of acid and enzymes by the gastric mucosa is controlled and regulated by: |
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Definition
a.The central nervous system (CNS): long reflex: NEURAL REGULATION
b.The stomach wall (local or short reflex): LOCAL REGULATION
c.Digestive tract hormones: HORMONAL REGULATION |
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Term
| Gastric phase of the gastric digestion is triggered by the entry of |
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Definition
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Term
| Intestinal phase of gastric secretion: |
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Definition
a.Involves both neural and endocrinal reflexes to function in controlling the RATE of gastric emptying.
b.Begins when CHYME enters the small intestine |
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Term
| Digested materials move across the intestinal wall by: |
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Definition
| active transport, diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and co-transport /counter-transport) |
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Term
| The absorption of some electrolytes in the small intestine involves CO-TRANSPORT/counter transport or ACTIVE TRANSPORT |
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Definition
a.Sodium ions are actively transported out of absorptive cells by sodium-potassium pump
b.Chloride: counter transport |
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Term
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Definition
a.Involves both neural and endocrinal reflexes
b.Is triggered when pH of chyme is too low (pH acidic))
c.Decreases gastric motility
d.Decreases gastric secretion |
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Term
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Definition
a.Increases gastric secretion
b.Increases peristaltic activities
c.Makes room for more intestinal contents by moving some chyme to the COLON
d.Involves both neural and endocrinal reflexes |
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Term
| Function of the large intestine include; |
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Definition
a.Reabsorption of water and compact the feces
b.Temporary fecal storage
c.Absorption of vitamin K produced by bacterial metabolism |
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Term
| At the hepatic flexure the colon becomes the___. At the splenic flexure, the colon becomes ____ |
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Definition
transverse colon
the descending colon |
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Term
| Approximately the LAST 15 cm of the digestive tract is |
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Definition
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Term
| The sac-like structure that joins the ileum at the ileocecal valve is |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ are external pouch of the colon |
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Definition
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Term
| _____are three longitudinal bands of muscles located beneath the serosa of the colon |
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Definition
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Term
| The pH of the oral cavity is ___ .The pH of the stomach is ____. The pH of pancreatic fluid ___ |
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Definition
7.0.
acidic 1.8-2.0
is Alkaline >7.0 |
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Term
| Digestion of lactose results in large amounts of the |
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Definition
| monosaccharides GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE |
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Term
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Definition
a.Stretch receptors in the rectal wall initiate a series of peristaltic contractions in the colon and rectum
b.Stretch receptors in the rectal wall activate parasympathetic center in the SACRAL (S2) area of the spinal cord (PELVIC NERVES)
c.Internal anal sphincter relaxes: OPEN (involuntary)
d.External sphincter relaxes: OPEN ( voluntary relaxation of the external sphincter by the PUDENDAL NERVES to eliminate feces) |
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