Term
| Class of parasite: Acanthamoeba spp. |
|
Definition
| Free living amoeba (tissue protozoa) |
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Ancylostoma duodenale |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Ascaris lumbricoides |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Babesia microti |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Balamuthia spp. |
|
Definition
| Free living amoeba (tissue protozoa) |
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Brugia malayi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Cryptosporidium parvum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Diphyllobothrium latum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Dracunculus medinensis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Echinococcus granulosus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Entamoeba histolytica |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Enterobius vermicularis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Fasciola hepatica |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Fasciolopsis buski |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Giardia lamblia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Hymenolepis nana |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Leishmania donovani |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Loa loa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Microsporidia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Naegleria fowleri |
|
Definition
| Free living amoeba (tissue protozoa) |
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Necator americanus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Onchocerca volvulus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Opisthorchis/Clonorchis sinensis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Paragonimus westermani |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Plasmodium falciparum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Plasmodium vivax |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Schistosoma haematobium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Schistosoma japonicum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Schistosoma mansoni |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Strongyloides stercoralis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Taenia saginata |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Taenia solium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Toxoplasma gondii |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Trichinella spiralis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Trichomonas vaginalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Tricuris tricuria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Trypanosoma brucei (gambiense and rhodesiense) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Trypanosoma cruzi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class of parasite: Wuchereria bancrofti |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Ancylostoma duodenale |
|
Definition
| "Old world hookworm": Larvae penetrate through skin of feet --> Intestinal infection leading to nausea, vomiting. circulation to lungs --> bronchitis. Hematogenous spread --> microcytic anemia |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Ascaris lumbricoides |
|
Definition
| Worms live in colon and larvae migrate to the lungs. Bowel and bile duct obstuction, pneumonitis, possible hyperreactive airway disease |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Balamuthia spp. |
|
Definition
| Chronic granulamatous amoebic encephalitis. Also Keratitis (often as a result of improper contact lens care) and skin infections |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Brugia malayi |
|
Definition
| Elephantiasis restricted to legs |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Diphyllobothrium latum |
|
Definition
| B12 deficiency --> megaloblastic anemia |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Dracunculus medinensis |
|
Definition
| "Guinea worm": Skin inflammation and painful ulceration especially legs and feet |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Echinococcus granulosus |
|
Definition
| Unilocular hydatid cyst. Larvae spread. Liver, lung, brain cysts. |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Entamoeba histolytica |
|
Definition
| Amoebiasis: Bloody diarreah, liver abscess, RUQ pain. Amoebic Colitis: Flask shaped ulcers, if bowel becomes perforated then --> perotinitis and bacterial sepsis. |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Enterobius vermicularis |
|
Definition
| "Pin worm": perianal pruritis, intestinalinfection. Commonly seen in children. |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Fasciola hepatic |
|
Definition
| "Sheep liver fluke": Larvae migrate to liver --> fibrosis, RUQ pain, bile duct obstruction |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Fasciolopsis buski |
|
Definition
| "Giant intestinal fluke": Mucous, diarreah, GI obstuction, edema, malabsorption |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Hymenolepis nana |
|
Definition
| "Dwarf tapeworm": Most common tapeworm in USA. Usually asymptomatic, sometimes GI symptoms. |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Leishmania donovani |
|
Definition
| Visceral Leishmaniasis. Also Black Sickness: GI bleeding |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Loa loa |
|
Definition
| Swelling in skin (calabar swellings), neurological swellings and African Eye Worm |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Naegleria fowleri |
|
Definition
| Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis - Rapidly fatal!!! |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Necator americanus |
|
Definition
| New World hoomworm: Intestinal blood loss and microcytic anemia |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Onchocerca volvulus |
|
Definition
| "River Blindness" - Fibrosis in eye and subcutaneous tissue |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Opisthorchis/Clonorchis sinensis |
|
Definition
| "Chinese Liver fluke": Larvae migrate to liver --> bile duct obstruction, bile stones, bile duct carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Paragonimus westermani |
|
Definition
| "Oriental lung Fluke": Larvae travel to lungs --> hemoptysis, "rusty sputum", eosinophilic invasion and secondary bacterial infection in LRT |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Schistosoma haematobium |
|
Definition
| Enters systemic circulation and settles in veins of urinary bladder. Hematuria, Bladder cancer, granulomas in lungs and bladder, GI symptoms, fever, malaise, hepatosplenomegaly, ascites, dermatitis at site of innoculation, can migrate to CNS |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Schistosoma japonicum |
|
Definition
| "Oriental blood fluke" Enters systemic circulation and settles in veins of small intestine. GI symptoms, fever, malaise, hepatosplenomegaly, ascites, dermatitis at site of innoculation, can migrate to CNS |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Schistosoma mansoni |
|
Definition
| Enters systemic circulation and settles in veins of colon. GI symptoms, fiborsis, granulomas, fever, malaise, hepatosplenomegaly, ascites, dermatitis at site of innoculation, can migrate to CNS |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Strongyloides stercoralis |
|
Definition
| "Thread worm": once larvae are ingested they can travel to lung, skin, and just about everywhere else. |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Taenia saginata |
|
Definition
| "Beef tapeworm": Vague GI symptoms |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Taenia solium |
|
Definition
| "Pork Tapeworm": If larvae ingested than human is primary host --> GI symptoms. If Eggs ingested human is intermediate host --> cysticercosis: larvae invade tissues, brain cysts, seizure, eye lesions |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Toxoplasma gondii |
|
Definition
| Toxoplasmosis: Brain abscess in HIV patients or congenital ring enhancing brain lesion in infant. Lymphadenopathy similar to mononucleosis. Dissemination also possible |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Trichinella spiralis |
|
Definition
| Larvae form cysts in striated muscle. Inflammation of muscle, periorbital edema. Adult worms live in intestine and produce larvae. |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Tricuris tricuria |
|
Definition
| "Whip worm": Bloody diarreah, weight loss, pain, prolapsed rectum |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation: Wuchereria bancrofti |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation:Acanthamoeba spp. |
|
Definition
| Chronic granulamatous amoebic encephalitis. Also Keratitis (often as a result of improper contact lens care) and skin infections |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation:Babesia microti |
|
Definition
| Babesiosis: Fever, anemia, splenomegaly. Possible renal failure if severe. |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation:Cryptosporidium parvum |
|
Definition
| Severe diarreah in AIDS patients, mild watery diarreah in everyone else. |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation:Giardia lamblia |
|
Definition
| Giardiasis: Bloating, flatulence, foul smelling diarreah |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation:Microsporidia |
|
Definition
| Diarreah in AIDS, highly variable presentatations possible depending on species. CAN DISSEMINATE |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation:Plasmodium falciparum |
|
Definition
| Malaria: Cyclic fever, headache, anemia, splenomegaly |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation:Plasmodium vivax |
|
Definition
| Malaria: Cyclic fever, headache, anemia, splenomegaly |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation:Trichomonas vaginalis |
|
Definition
| Vaginitis and urethritis: Foul-smelling, green watery discharge. In males: Asymptomatic or non-purulent urethritis |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation:Trypanosoma brucei (gambiense and rhodesiense) |
|
Definition
| African Sleeping Sickness |
|
|
Term
| Disease and clinical presentation:Trypanosoma cruzi |
|
Definition
| Chagas' Disease: dilated cardiomyopathy, megacolon, megaesophagus |
|
|
Term
| Geography: Ancylostoma duodenale |
|
Definition
| Rural USA: Kentucky and the South |
|
|
Term
| Geography: Babesia microti |
|
Definition
| NE United States seaboard |
|
|
Term
| Geography: Cryptosporidium parvum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Diphyllobothrium latum |
|
Definition
| Worldwide, found often in northern midwest USA lakes |
|
|
Term
| Geography: Dracunculus medinensis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Entamoeba histolytica |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Enterobius vermicularis |
|
Definition
| Worldwide in temperate regions |
|
|
Term
| Geography: Fasciola hepatic |
|
Definition
| Worldwide but rare in USA |
|
|
Term
| Geography: Fasciolopsis buski |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Giardia lamblia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Leishmania donovani |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Onchocerca volvulus |
|
Definition
| Africa, Central America, South America |
|
|
Term
| Geography: Opisthorchis/Clonorchis sinensis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Paragonimus westermani |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Plasmodium falciparum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Plasmodium vivax |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Schistosoma haematobium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Schistosoma japonicum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Schistosoma mansoni |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geography: Strongyloides stercoralis |
|
Definition
| Tropics and subtropics. Also in Appalachia and rural SE United States |
|
|
Term
| Geography: Trichinella spiralis |
|
Definition
| Worldwide. One of the few tissue parasites still seen in the US. |
|
|
Term
| Geography: Trichomonas vaginalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reservoirs: Giardia lamblia |
|
Definition
| Humans and animals. A very large proportion of people who get infected with Giardia have self-resolving symptoms and become carriers, so it is important to eradicate the infection both from people with the clinical disease and carriers as well. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reservoirs: Trichinella spiralis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Acanthamoeba spp. |
|
Definition
| Fresh water lakes, rivers, steams, etc. Keratitis transmitted often on contact lenses |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Ancylostoma duodenale |
|
Definition
| Larvae penetrate through skin of feet. Found in soil contaminated with human feces |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Ascaris lumbricoides |
|
Definition
| Egg ingestion. Found in soil contaminated with human feces |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Babesia microti |
|
Definition
| Tick bites or dirty blood transfusion (not tested for by blood banks) |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Balamuthia spp. |
|
Definition
| Fresh water lakes, rivers, steams, etc. Keratitis transmitted often on contact lenses |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Brugia malayi |
|
Definition
| Female Anopheles or Aedes Mosquito bite |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Cryptosporidium parvum |
|
Definition
| Transmitted via cysts in contaminated water |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Diphyllobothrium latum |
|
Definition
| Ingestion of larvae from undercooked fish |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Dracunculus medinensis |
|
Definition
| Ingestion of spores from stagnant water/ingestion of copepods (microcrustacean) |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Echinococcus granulosus |
|
Definition
| Eggs ingested from food/water contaminated with dog feces |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Entamoeba histolytica |
|
Definition
| Transmitted via cysts in contaminated water or produce, oral/anal sexual practices, and by fly and cockroach vectors. |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Enterobius vermicularis |
|
Definition
| Ingestion of larvae. Found in soil contaminated with human feces and contaminated food |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Fasciola hepatic |
|
Definition
| Metacercarieae found on freshwater plants. Ingestion of contaminted plants |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Fasciolopsis buski |
|
Definition
| Water chestnuts or bamboo shoots |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Giardia lamblia |
|
Definition
| Transmitted via cysts in contaminated water or produce |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Hymenolepis nana |
|
Definition
| grain or flour contaminated with infected fleas or beetles |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Leishmania donovani |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Loa loa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Microsporidia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Naegleria fowleri |
|
Definition
| Fresh water lakes, rivers, steams, etc. |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Necator americanus |
|
Definition
| Larvae penetration through the skin of the feet. Found in soil contaminated with human feces |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Onchocerca volvulus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Opisthorchis/Clonorchis sinensis |
|
Definition
| Eating raw or uncooked fish |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Paragonimus westermani |
|
Definition
| Eating poorly cooked crab |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Plasmodium falciparum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Plasmodium vivax |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Schistosoma haematobium |
|
Definition
| Cercarieae penetrate human skin |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Schistosoma japonicum |
|
Definition
| Cercarieae penetrate human skin |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Schistosoma mansoni |
|
Definition
| Cercarieae penetrate human skin |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Strongyloides stercoralis |
|
Definition
| Ingestion of larvae. Found in soil contaminated with human feces |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Taenia saginata |
|
Definition
| Larvae ingested from beef |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Taenia solium |
|
Definition
| Larvae in undercooked pork or eggs via oral fecal |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Toxoplasma gondii |
|
Definition
| Cysts in meat or cat feces, can cross the placenta as well |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Trichinella spiralis |
|
Definition
| Larval ingestion from undercooked pork |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Trichomonas vaginalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Tricuris tricuria |
|
Definition
| Ingestion of larvae. Found in soil contaminated with human feces |
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Trypanosoma brucei (gambiense and rhodesiense) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Trypanosoma cruzi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vector/mode of transmission: Wuchereria bancrofti |
|
Definition
| Female Culex Mosquito bite |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the process by which microsporidia reproduce and is it sexual or asexual? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What other parasite should most notably be included in a DDx of Babesiosis? |
|
Definition
| Plasmodium Falcipurum. P.Falcipurum is much more similar to Babesia histologically than the other Plasmodium species. |
|
|
Term
| Which filarial nematode can be free living? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which strain of Plasmodium is associated with the highest mortality? |
|
Definition
|
|
