Term
| Trade Name for Streptokinase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Streptokinase--drug class |
|
Definition
| Fibrinolytic (thrombolytic enzyme) |
|
|
Term
| Streptokinase--Mechanism of Action |
|
Definition
| Converts plasminogen to plasmin, which acts on fibrin, hence dissolving blood clots. |
|
|
Term
| Streptokinase--Contraindications |
|
Definition
-Active internal bleeding
-Cerebrovascular accident w/in 2 mos
-Intracranial or intraspinal surgery
-Intracranial neoplasm
-Sever uncontrolled hypertension |
|
|
Term
| Streptokinase--Indications |
|
Definition
-AMI
-Pulmonary Embolism
-DVT (deep venous thrombosis)
-Arterial Thrombosis
-Embolism |
|
|
Term
| Streptokinase--Precautions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Streptokinase--Available Forms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Streptokinase--Dosage Adult, AMI |
|
Definition
IV-infuse 1.5 mil units w/in 60 mins
Intracoronary-20k units by bolus, followed by 2k/min for 60 min |
|
|
Term
| Streptokinase--Dosage Adult, Embolism/Thrombosis |
|
Definition
| IV-loading dose 250k units infused in peripheral vein over 30 min, followed by 100k units/hr for 24hr (embolism), 72hr (DVT), and 24-72hr for arterial thrombosis/embolism. |
|
|
Term
| Streptokinase--Pediatric Dosage |
|
Definition
| Safety and efficacy not established. |
|
|
Term
| Streptokinase--Side Effects |
|
Definition
-Blurred vision
-Confusion
-Dizziness, lightheadedness, faintness
-Fever
-Sweating
-Unusual Fatigue |
|
|
Term
| Streptokinase--Interactions |
|
Definition
-Anticoagulants
-Agents that alter platelet function (aspirin, NSAIDs)
-Other thrombolytics
-Agents that alter coagulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Causes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose at alpha cells of the pancreas. |
|
|
Term
| Indications for glucagon use. |
|
Definition
-Hypoglycemia
-Beta blocker overdose
-Calcium channel overdose
-Esophageal spasm |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for glucagon use. |
|
Definition
-Hypersensitivity
-Pheochromocytoma (tumor of the adrenal glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Converts glycogen to glucose
-Positive inotrope
-Decreases renal vascular resistance
-Relaxes GI tract muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
0.5-1 mg, can repeat 1x @ 15 min
(2-5 mg for non-diabetic treatments) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 0.5 mg, usually not recommended |
|
|
Term
| Side-effects of glucagon admin. |
|
Definition
| Allergic rxns, can make the pt hypotensive |
|
|
Term
| How does glucagon come prepared? |
|
Definition
| Comes in one unit of powder with 1 mL of diluting solution that must be reconstituted. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prompts the pancreas to release insulin, which drives glucose and K+ into cells. |
|
|
Term
| Indications for dextrose use. |
|
Definition
-Documented hypoglycemia
-Hyperkalemia |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for dextrose use. |
|
Definition
| Suspected brain bleed (CVA), TBI or delirium tremors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Raises blood glucose levels and lowers serum K+ levels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 12.5-25 mg is normal field dose, textbook is 0.5-1 mg/kg. |
|
|
Term
| Dextrose, pediatric dosage |
|
Definition
0.5 g/kg
-If wt greater than 15 kg, use D25 or D50
-If wt less than 15 kg, use D10 or D25 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Posssible side effects of dextrose use. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does dextrose come prepared? |
|
Definition
D50--25 g/50 mL
D25--2.5g/10 mL
D10--25 g/250 mL |
|
|
Term
| Diazepam is commonly known as... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Works via facilitation of the action of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter of the CNS. |
|
|
Term
| Indications for diazepam use. |
|
Definition
-Anxiety/sedation
-Acute alcohol withdrawal
-Muscle spasms
-Active seizures
-Post-intubation
-Cardio-pacing
-Vertigo |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for diazepam use. |
|
Definition
-CNS depression
-NAG
-Hypersensitivity
-Ped pts under 2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Anticonvulsant
-Sedative
-Anxiolytic
-Amnesic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Seizures, 5-10 mg, max 20 mg
-Anxiety 2-10 mg |
|
|
Term
| Diazepam dosage, pediatrics. |
|
Definition
| 0.05-0.3 mg/kg, max of 10 mg, if wt less than 5 kg, max dose of 5 mg. |
|
|
Term
| Side effects of diazepam admin. |
|
Definition
-Respiratory depression
-Hypotension
-Sedation |
|
|
Term
| How does diazepam come prepared? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lorazepam is commonly referred to as... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indications for lorazepam admin. |
|
Definition
-Major motor seizures
-Persistent or recurrent seizure activity
-Sedation
-Anxiety |
|
|
Term
| Contraindicaitons for lorazepam use. |
|
Definition
-Hypersensitivity
-NAG
-Hypotension
-Respiratory failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Anti-convulsant
-Anxiolytic
-Sedative
-Anesthetic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lorazepam, pediatric dosage. |
|
Definition
| Dilute 1:1 with NS and give IV, IM or IO at 0.1 mg/kg to a max dose of 2 mg. |
|
|
Term
| This is the preferred drug for treatment of pediatric seizures. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side-effects of lorazepam? |
|
Definition
-Drowsiness
-Hypotension
-Respiratory depression
-Apnea |
|
|
Term
| How does lorazepam come prepared? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Midazolam is commonly known as... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indications for medazolam use. |
|
Definition
-Sedation prior to cardioversion/ET
-Maintenance sedation in mech. ventilated pt
-Seizure control |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for medazolam use. |
|
Definition
-Shock
-Coma
-Hypersensitivity
-Pregnancy
-NAG |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Anxiolytic
-Anticonvulsant
-Amnesiac
-Relaxant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
0.1 mg/kg with max single dose of 5 mg and max total dose of 10 mg
-Can readmin after 5 mins |
|
|
Term
| Medazolam, pediatric dosage |
|
Definition
| Same as medazolam adult dosage |
|
|
Term
| Side effects of medazolam admin. |
|
Definition
-Apnea
-Paradoxical CNS stimulant
-Hypotension |
|
|
Term
| How does medazolam come prepped? |
|
Definition
| Vial, PFS, or tubex of 5 mg/5 mL |
|
|
Term
| Haloperidol is commonly called... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Binds to dopamine 1 and dopamine 2 receptors |
|
|
Term
| Indications for use of haloperidol. |
|
Definition
-Acute psychosis (delusions and hallucinations
-Acute mania
-Delirium (typically drug induced)
-Irretractable hiccups |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for use of haloperidol. |
|
Definition
-Parkinson's
-CNS depression
-NAG
-Anticholinergic syndrome
-PCP overdose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Antipsychotic
-Antiemetic (rare use) |
|
|
Term
| Haloperidol, adult dosage. |
|
Definition
5-10 mg for psychosis
0.5-2 mg for nausea
Can repeat every 30 min |
|
|
Term
| Haloperidol, pediatric dosage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Side effects of haloperidol admin? |
|
Definition
-Hypotension
-Muscle stiffness
-Headache
-EPR
-Pneumonia (chronic use) |
|
|
Term
| How does haloperidol come prepared? |
|
Definition
| 5 mg/1 mL vial or 10 mg/1 mL vial |
|
|
Term
| Trade name for Ipratroprium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indications for ipratroprium. |
|
Definition
-Bronchial asthma
-Bronchospasm in acute exacerbation of COPD
-Bronchospasm in anaphylaxis, burns, and toxic inhalations |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications of ipratroprium. |
|
Definition
| Pts with peanut and soybean allergies |
|
|
Term
| Ipratroprium forms available. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does ipratroprium come prepared? |
|
Definition
| 0.02% solution containing 2.5 mL |
|
|
Term
| Routes for ipratroprium admin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dosage for ipratropium? |
|
Definition
| 0.5 mg with O2 flow at 8 LPM via nebulizer, not to be repeated |
|
|
Term
| You've already administered a dose of ipratroprium, and the Pt requires additional Rx, what should you do? |
|
Definition
| Administer albuterol via nebulizer (NOT another dose of ipratroprium) |
|
|
Term
| What is the pediatric dose of ipratroprium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ipratroprium side-effects. |
|
Definition
-Palpitations
-Cough, dry mouth
-Blurred vision
-Anxiety, nervousness
-Dizziness
-HA
-Rash
-NV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anesthetic, non-narcotic sedative/hypnotic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increases the number or GABA receptors and works partially by depressing the reticular activating system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indications for etomidate. |
|
Definition
| Sedation for intubation and cardioversion. |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for etomidate. |
|
Definition
-Hypersensitivity
-Active labor in pregnant Pts
-Septic shock
-Pts < 2 y/o |
|
|
Term
| Precautions for etomidate use. |
|
Definition
-Elderly pts
-Pts < 10 y/o
-Renal/hepatic failure |
|
|
Term
| Forms available of etomidate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does etomidate come prepared? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Routes for etomidate admin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dosage of etomidate? |
|
Definition
0.15-0.3 mg/kg slow push over 30-60 sec, MTD 0.6 mg/kg
-Use 0.15 for cardioversion
-Use 0.3 for intubation |
|
|
Term
| What is the pediatric dosage of etomidate? |
|
Definition
| Only Pts over 2 y/o, same as adults |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Side-effects of etomidate. |
|
Definition
-Dyspnea
-Dysrhythmias
-Hypotension
-HTN
-Temporary involuntary muscle mvmts
-Laryngospasm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-CNS depressants
-Anti-HTN agents |
|
|
Term
| What is the trade name for succinylcholine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibits transmission of nerve impulses by binding with cholinergic receptor sites, antagonizing action of ACh. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Persistent depolarization of the neuromuscular junction
-Mimics ACh w/o being hydrolyzed by acetylcholinesterase |
|
|
Term
| Precautions for succ use. |
|
Definition
-Cardiac disease
-Dehydration
-Respiratory disease
-NAG |
|
|
Term
| Succ comes in a...(forms available) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does succ come prepared? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1-2 mg/kg rapid push, rpt 1x if needed |
|
|
Term
| Pediatric dosage for succ. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-IV, 30-60 sec
-IM, 2-3 min |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-IV, 3-5 min
-IM, 10-30 min |
|
|
Term
| What are the side-effects of succ? |
|
Definition
-Sinus arrest
-Hypotension
-Increased IOP
-Prolonged apnea
-Bronchospasm
-Vomiting/aspiration |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs of succ toxicity? |
|
Definition
-Cardiac arrest
-Ventricular dysrhythmia
-Hyperkalemia
-Apnea |
|
|
Term
| Succ is incompatible with... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The effects of succ are enhanced by... |
|
Definition
-Lidocaine
-Procainamide
-Beta blockers
-Magnesium sulfate
-Other neuromuscular blockers |
|
|
Term
| What is the trade name of vecuronium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What class does vecuronium belong to? |
|
Definition
| Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA of vecuronium? |
|
Definition
| Produces skeletal muscle paralysis via competition with ACh for cholinergic receptor sites and binding with nicotinic receptors. |
|
|
Term
| Is vecuronium an agonist? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does vecuronium effect consciousness? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indications for vecuronium use. |
|
Definition
| Facilitation of intubation and maintenance of paralysis following RSI. |
|
|
Term
| Precautions when using vecuronium. |
|
Definition
-Pregnancy
-Malignant hyperthermia
-Cardiac/hepatic disease
-NAG
-Elderly or debilitated Pts
-Dehydration
-Electrolyte or pH imbalance
-Neuromuscular disease |
|
|
Term
| Vecuronium forms available. |
|
Definition
| 1 unit pwdr, with 1 unit diluting solution (aka, a vial requiring the addition of saline). |
|
|
Term
| What is the route for vecuronium admin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dosage of vec? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the ped dosage of vec? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This is a special consideration when administering vecuronium. |
|
Definition
| Maintenance dose may be higher, and may last 1.5 times longer. |
|
|
Term
| What is the onset of vec? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the duration of vec? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side-effects of vec? |
|
Definition
-Bronchospasm
-Dysrhythmias
-HTN or hypotension |
|
|
Term
| Interaction concerns of vecuronium. |
|
Definition
| -Opiates or antiarrhythmics can potentiate effects |
|
|
Term
| What is the trade name of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What class of drugs does ondansetron belong to? |
|
Definition
| Anti-emetic, selective serotonin receptor antagonist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reduces the activity of the vagus nerve and blocks serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. |
|
|
Term
| Does ondansetron help with vomiting caused by motion sickness? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the indications for ondansetron use? |
|
Definition
| Moderate to severe nausea |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications of ondansetron use. |
|
Definition
-Prolonged QT syndrome
-Concurrent use of apomorphine/Apokyn (an anti-parkansonian drug) |
|
|
Term
| What are the precautions for ondansetron use? |
|
Definition
-Not well studied in children under 2
-Use w/ caution in Pts concurrently using drugs which effect QT interval
-Use with caution in Pts w/ hepatic impairment (consider prolonging dosage intervals/decreasing dose) |
|
|
Term
| Ondansetron is available in what forms? |
|
Definition
-4 mg/2 mL vial
-4 or 8 mg ODT or tablet |
|
|
Term
| Routes of ondansetron admin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the adult dosage of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
-IV/IO/IM, 4 mg, rpt once in 15 min PRN (admin over 30 sec at least, preferably 2-5 min)
-8 mg PO (tablet or ODT) |
|
|
Term
| What's the ped dosage of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
In peds 2 or older
-IV/IO/IM-0.1 mg/kg with a MSD of 4 mg
-Call med control to rpt |
|
|
Term
| What is the onset of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the duration of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side-effects of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
-Sedation
-Hypotension
-Tachycardia
-Angina
-EPS
-Torsades
-Constipation |
|
|
Term
| What are the drug interactions associated with ondansetron? |
|
Definition
| -Additive effects w/ meds that prolong QT intervals, and CNS depressants |
|
|
Term
| What class of drug is morphine sulfate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Targets and binds to Mu, Kappa, and Delta opioid receptors, and is a GABA agonist. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Analgesic
-Miosis
-Minimal amnesic |
|
|
Term
| Indications for morphine use. |
|
Definition
-Moderate to severe chronic pain
-Acute pain
-Pacing |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for morphine use. |
|
Definition
-Hypotension
-Hypovolemia
-Breastfeeding mother
-Allergy (morphine)
-Pt taking muscle relaxants (reduce dosage)
-Addiction
-Head injuries/brain disorders
-Multisystem trauma |
|
|
Term
| Precautions for morphine use. |
|
Definition
-Depression of respiratory or circulatory system
-NV, vomiting, constipation, dizziness, sedation, anxiety, euphoria
-Seizures
-Cirrhosis/decreased renal function
-Cool/clammy skin
-Any CNS depressant |
|
|
Term
| What are the available forms of morphine? |
|
Definition
| Tablets, suppositories, solution |
|
|
Term
| What are the routes of morphine admin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dosage for morphine admin? |
|
Definition
-Pain, 2-4 mg slow IV over 1-5 min ever 5-30 min, titrate to effect
-STEMI-2-4 mg IV, may give additional doses at 2-8 mg IV at 5-15 min intervals
-Non-STEMI 1-5 mg IV only if symptoms are not relieved by nitrates or if symptoms reoccur |
|
|
Term
| What is the ped dosage for morphine? |
|
Definition
| 0.1-0.2 mg/kg dose IV, MTD 15 mg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1-2 min depending on route |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side-effects of morphine? |
|
Definition
-NV
-Constipation
-Lightheadedness
-Dizziness |
|
|
Term
| Drug interactions of morphine. |
|
Definition
-CNS Depressants
-OTC cough syrups/cold meds
-Psychiatric drugs |
|
|
Term
| Trade name of nitrous oxide. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nitrous oxide is what class of drug? |
|
Definition
| Anesthetic gas, analgesic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Potentiates GABA (analgesic is unknown but thought to cause a release of endorphins that stimulate opioid receptors) |
|
|
Term
| What are the actions of morphine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the indications for nitrous oxide use? |
|
Definition
-Musculoskeletal pain
-Kidney stones
-Burns
-Severe anxiety
-Suspected ischemic chest pain |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications of nitrous oxide use. |
|
Definition
-ETOH or med intox
-Head injury with AMS
-COPD
-Pneumothorax
-Shock
-ABD pain/distention with a bowel obstruction
-Significant respiratory compromise |
|
|
Term
| Precautions to consider when using nitrous oxide. |
|
Definition
| Use in well ventilated areas, and it may not work at low temps. |
|
|
Term
| NO is available in what forms? |
|
Definition
| 50/50 blend of oxygen and NO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Self-administered until pain is relieved or Pt drops the regulator (same for peds) |
|
|
Term
| What is the onset/duration of NO? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of NO? |
|
Definition
-Dizziness
-AMS
-Hallucinations
-NV
-Diffusional hypoxia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Long term provider use may cause fetal abnormalities, memory/cognition loss, loss of manual dexterity, and liver/renal dysfunction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The trade name for fentanyl citrate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fentanyl belongs to what class of drug? |
|
Definition
| Opiate analgesic (type II narcotic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CNS depressant, opiate receptor agonist, and depresses responsiveness to alpha-adrenergic drugs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Analgesic
-Vasodilator (decreases venous return) |
|
|
Term
| Indications for fentanyl use. |
|
Definition
-Moderate-severe pain
-Adjunct for intubation |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for fentanyl use. |
|
Definition
-Hypovolemia
-Hypotension
-Head injury
-MAOIs in last 14 days
-Myasthensia gravis |
|
|
Term
| Precautions for fentanyl use. |
|
Definition
| Admin slowly (pushing too fast can cause chest wall rigidity which can cause difficulty breathing and an inability to ventilate with an adjunct |
|
|
Term
| Fentanyl is available in what forms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does fentanyl come prepared? |
|
Definition
| Ampules of 50 mcg/mL, diluted to a volume of 5 cc using D5W or NS, then slowly infused over a min |
|
|
Term
| Routes of fentanyl admin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dosage of fentanyl? |
|
Definition
| 1 mcg/kg with MSD of 100 mcg |
|
|
Term
| What is the pediatric dose of fentanyl? |
|
Definition
| Ped must be over 2, then 1 mcg/kg with max dose of 100 mcg |
|
|
Term
| What is the onset of fentanyl? |
|
Definition
-IV/IO/IN 1-3 min
-IM 10-20 min
-Peak effect at 30 min-1 hr |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of fentanyl? |
|
Definition
-Euphoria
-Dizziness
-Hallucinations
-Hypotension
-ALOC
-Seizure |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs of fentanyl toxicity? |
|
Definition
-Respiratory depression
-Muscle rigidity
-Apnea |
|
|
Term
| What are the interaction concerns of fentanyl admin? |
|
Definition
-CNS Depressants
-DO NOT mix in-line with Heprin |
|
|
Term
| What is the trade name of albuterol sulfate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What class of drug does albuterol belong to? |
|
Definition
| Beta2 Blocker, Sympathomimetic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acts selectively on Beta2 receptor sites in the lungs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Relaxes bronchiole smooth muscle
-Somewhat stimulates CNS/heart
-Increases diuresis and gastric acid secretion
-Reuptake of K+ inside the cell |
|
|
Term
| Indications for use of albuterol. |
|
Definition
-Bronchial asthma
-Bronchospasm
-Hyperkalemia (incl. crushing/compartment syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| What are the contraindications for albuterol use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the precautions of albuterol admin? |
|
Definition
-Geriatric Pts
-HTN
-Diabetes
-Always have an EKG in place to monitor the heart |
|
|
Term
| Albuterol forms available. |
|
Definition
| Solutions, mist, aerosol for inhalation |
|
|
Term
| How does albuterol come prepared? |
|
Definition
| MDIs, solutions for nebulizers |
|
|
Term
| How is albuterol admin'd? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dose of albuterol? |
|
Definition
Bronchospasm
-MDI: 1-2 inhalations, 1 min ea, rpt @ 15 min PRN
-Nebulizer: 2.5 mg w/ O2 @ 8 LPM, rpt PRN
Hyperkalemia
-ETT: 4 unit doses 10 mg directly down ETT followed by hyperventilation
-Nebulizer: 10 mg w/ O2 @ 8 LPM |
|
|
Term
| What is the ped dose of albuterol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the onset of albuterol? |
|
Definition
| 5-15 min after inhalation |
|
|
Term
| What is the duration of albuterol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side-effects of albuterol? |
|
Definition
-Palpitations/tachycardia
-Anxiety/nervousness
-Dizziness
-Tremors
-HA
-NV
-HTN
-Dysrhythmias
-Chest pain |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs of albuterol toxicity? |
|
Definition
-Seizures
-Nausea
-Chest pain
-Fast, irregular pounding heart
-Excessive tiredness
-Uncontrollable shaking |
|
|
Term
| What are the interaction concerns of albuterol? |
|
Definition
-Antagonistic effects on beta blockers
-Additive effects on sympathomimetics (MAOIs, TCAs, etc.) |
|
|
Term
| Trade name for Ipratroprium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indications for ipratroprium. |
|
Definition
-Bronchial asthma
-Bronchospasm in acute exacerbation of COPD
-Bronchospasm in anaphylaxis, burns, and toxic inhalations |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications of ipratroprium. |
|
Definition
| Pts with peanut and soybean allergies |
|
|
Term
| Ipratroprium forms available. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does ipratroprium come prepared? |
|
Definition
| 0.02% solution containing 2.5 mL |
|
|
Term
| Routes for ipratroprium admin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dosage for ipratropium? |
|
Definition
| 0.5 mg with O2 flow at 8 LPM via nebulizer, not to be repeated |
|
|
Term
| You've already administered a dose of ipratroprium, and the Pt requires additional Rx, what should you do? |
|
Definition
| Administer albuterol via nebulizer (NOT another dose of ipratroprium) |
|
|
Term
| What is the pediatric dose of ipratroprium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ipratroprium side-effects. |
|
Definition
-Palpitations
-Cough, dry mouth
-Blurred vision
-Anxiety, nervousness
-Dizziness
-HA
-Rash
-NV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anesthetic, non-narcotic sedative/hypnotic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increases the number or GABA receptors and works partially by depressing the reticular activating system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indications for etomidate. |
|
Definition
| Sedation for intubation and cardioversion. |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for etomidate. |
|
Definition
-Hypersensitivity
-Active labor in pregnant Pts
-Septic shock
-Pts < 2 y/o |
|
|
Term
| Precautions for etomidate use. |
|
Definition
-Elderly pts
-Pts < 10 y/o
-Renal/hepatic failure |
|
|
Term
| Forms available of etomidate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does etomidate come prepared? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Routes for etomidate admin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dosage of etomidate? |
|
Definition
0.15-0.3 mg/kg slow push over 30-60 sec, MTD 0.6 mg/kg
-Use 0.15 for cardioversion
-Use 0.3 for intubation |
|
|
Term
| What is the pediatric dosage of etomidate? |
|
Definition
| Only Pts over 2 y/o, same as adults |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Side-effects of etomidate. |
|
Definition
-Dyspnea
-Dysrhythmias
-Hypotension
-HTN
-Temporary involuntary muscle mvmts
-Laryngospasm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-CNS depressants
-Anti-HTN agents |
|
|
Term
| What is the trade name for succinylcholine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibits transmission of nerve impulses by binding with cholinergic receptor sites, antagonizing action of ACh. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Persistent depolarization of the neuromuscular junction
-Mimics ACh w/o being hydrolyzed by acetylcholinesterase |
|
|
Term
| Precautions for succ use. |
|
Definition
-Cardiac disease
-Dehydration
-Respiratory disease
-NAG |
|
|
Term
| Succ comes in a...(forms available) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does succ come prepared? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1-2 mg/kg rapid push, rpt 1x if needed |
|
|
Term
| Pediatric dosage for succ. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-IV, 30-60 sec
-IM, 2-3 min |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-IV, 3-5 min
-IM, 10-30 min |
|
|
Term
| What are the side-effects of succ? |
|
Definition
-Sinus arrest
-Hypotension
-Increased IOP
-Prolonged apnea
-Bronchospasm
-Vomiting/aspiration |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs of succ toxicity? |
|
Definition
-Cardiac arrest
-Ventricular dysrhythmia
-Hyperkalemia
-Apnea |
|
|
Term
| Succ is incompatible with... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The effects of succ are enhanced by... |
|
Definition
-Lidocaine
-Procainamide
-Beta blockers
-Magnesium sulfate
-Other neuromuscular blockers |
|
|
Term
| What is the trade name of vecuronium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What class does vecuronium belong to? |
|
Definition
| Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA of vecuronium? |
|
Definition
| Produces skeletal muscle paralysis via competition with ACh for cholinergic receptor sites and binding with nicotinic receptors. |
|
|
Term
| Is vecuronium an agonist? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does vecuronium effect consciousness? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indications for vecuronium use. |
|
Definition
| Facilitation of intubation and maintenance of paralysis following RSI. |
|
|
Term
| Precautions when using vecuronium. |
|
Definition
-Pregnancy
-Malignant hyperthermia
-Cardiac/hepatic disease
-NAG
-Elderly or debilitated Pts
-Dehydration
-Electrolyte or pH imbalance
-Neuromuscular disease |
|
|
Term
| Vecuronium forms available. |
|
Definition
| 1 unit pwdr, with 1 unit diluting solution (aka, a vial requiring the addition of saline). |
|
|
Term
| What is the route for vecuronium admin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dosage of vec? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the ped dosage of vec? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This is a special consideration when administering vecuronium. |
|
Definition
| Maintenance dose may be higher, and may last 1.5 times longer. |
|
|
Term
| What is the onset of vec? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the duration of vec? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side-effects of vec? |
|
Definition
-Bronchospasm
-Dysrhythmias
-HTN or hypotension |
|
|
Term
| Interaction concerns of vecuronium. |
|
Definition
| -Opiates or antiarrhythmics can potentiate effects |
|
|
Term
| What is the trade name of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What class of drugs does ondansetron belong to? |
|
Definition
| Anti-emetic, selective serotonin receptor antagonist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reduces the activity of the vagus nerve and blocks serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. |
|
|
Term
| Does ondansetron help with vomiting caused by motion sickness? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the indications for ondansetron use? |
|
Definition
| Moderate to severe nausea |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications of ondansetron use. |
|
Definition
-Prolonged QT syndrome
-Concurrent use of apomorphine/Apokyn (an anti-parkansonian drug) |
|
|
Term
| What are the precautions for ondansetron use? |
|
Definition
-Not well studied in children under 2
-Use w/ caution in Pts concurrently using drugs which effect QT interval
-Use with caution in Pts w/ hepatic impairment (consider prolonging dosage intervals/decreasing dose) |
|
|
Term
| Ondansetron is available in what forms? |
|
Definition
-4 mg/2 mL vial
-4 or 8 mg ODT or tablet |
|
|
Term
| Routes of ondansetron admin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the adult dosage of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
-IV/IO/IM, 4 mg, rpt once in 15 min PRN (admin over 30 sec at least, preferably 2-5 min)
-8 mg PO (tablet or ODT) |
|
|
Term
| What's the ped dosage of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
In peds 2 or older
-IV/IO/IM-0.1 mg/kg with a MSD of 4 mg
-Call med control to rpt |
|
|
Term
| What is the onset of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the duration of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side-effects of ondansetron? |
|
Definition
-Sedation
-Hypotension
-Tachycardia
-Angina
-EPS
-Torsades
-Constipation |
|
|
Term
| What are the drug interactions associated with ondansetron? |
|
Definition
| -Additive effects w/ meds that prolong QT intervals, and CNS depressants |
|
|
Term
| What class of drug is morphine sulfate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Targets and binds to Mu, Kappa, and Delta opioid receptors, and is a GABA agonist. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Analgesic
-Miosis
-Minimal amnesic |
|
|
Term
| Indications for morphine use. |
|
Definition
-Moderate to severe chronic pain
-Acute pain
-Pacing |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for morphine use. |
|
Definition
-Hypotension
-Hypovolemia
-Breastfeeding mother
-Allergy (morphine)
-Pt taking muscle relaxants (reduce dosage)
-Addiction
-Head injuries/brain disorders
-Multisystem trauma |
|
|
Term
| Precautions for morphine use. |
|
Definition
-Depression of respiratory or circulatory system
-NV, vomiting, constipation, dizziness, sedation, anxiety, euphoria
-Seizures
-Cirrhosis/decreased renal function
-Cool/clammy skin
-Any CNS depressant |
|
|
Term
| What are the available forms of morphine? |
|
Definition
| Tablets, suppositories, solution |
|
|
Term
| What are the routes of morphine admin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dosage for morphine admin? |
|
Definition
-Pain, 2-4 mg slow IV over 1-5 min ever 5-30 min, titrate to effect
-STEMI-2-4 mg IV, may give additional doses at 2-8 mg IV at 5-15 min intervals
-Non-STEMI 1-5 mg IV only if symptoms are not relieved by nitrates or if symptoms reoccur |
|
|
Term
| What is the ped dosage for morphine? |
|
Definition
| 0.1-0.2 mg/kg dose IV, MTD 15 mg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1-2 min depending on route |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side-effects of morphine? |
|
Definition
-NV
-Constipation
-Lightheadedness
-Dizziness |
|
|
Term
| Drug interactions of morphine. |
|
Definition
-CNS Depressants
-OTC cough syrups/cold meds
-Psychiatric drugs |
|
|
Term
| Trade name of nitrous oxide. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nitrous oxide is what class of drug? |
|
Definition
| Anesthetic gas, analgesic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Potentiates GABA (analgesic is unknown but thought to cause a release of endorphins that stimulate opioid receptors) |
|
|
Term
| What are the actions of morphine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the indications for nitrous oxide use? |
|
Definition
-Musculoskeletal pain
-Kidney stones
-Burns
-Severe anxiety
-Suspected ischemic chest pain |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications of nitrous oxide use. |
|
Definition
-ETOH or med intox
-Head injury with AMS
-COPD
-Pneumothorax
-Shock
-ABD pain/distention with a bowel obstruction
-Significant respiratory compromise |
|
|
Term
| Precautions to consider when using nitrous oxide. |
|
Definition
| Use in well ventilated areas, and it may not work at low temps. |
|
|
Term
| NO is available in what forms? |
|
Definition
| 50/50 blend of oxygen and NO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Self-administered until pain is relieved or Pt drops the regulator (same for peds) |
|
|
Term
| What is the onset/duration of NO? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of NO? |
|
Definition
-Dizziness
-AMS
-Hallucinations
-NV
-Diffusional hypoxia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Long term provider use may cause fetal abnormalities, memory/cognition loss, loss of manual dexterity, and liver/renal dysfunction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The trade name for fentanyl citrate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fentanyl belongs to what class of drug? |
|
Definition
| Opiate analgesic (type II narcotic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CNS depressant, opiate receptor agonist, and depresses responsiveness to alpha-adrenergic drugs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Analgesic
-Vasodilator (decreases venous return) |
|
|
Term
| Indications for fentanyl use. |
|
Definition
-Moderate-severe pain
-Adjunct for intubation |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for fentanyl use. |
|
Definition
-Hypovolemia
-Hypotension
-Head injury
-MAOIs in last 14 days
-Myasthensia gravis |
|
|
Term
| Precautions for fentanyl use. |
|
Definition
| Admin slowly (pushing too fast can cause chest wall rigidity which can cause difficulty breathing and an inability to ventilate with an adjunct |
|
|
Term
| Fentanyl is available in what forms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does fentanyl come prepared? |
|
Definition
| Ampules of 50 mcg/mL, diluted to a volume of 5 cc using D5W or NS, then slowly infused over a min |
|
|
Term
| Routes of fentanyl admin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dosage of fentanyl? |
|
Definition
| 1 mcg/kg with MSD of 100 mcg |
|
|
Term
| What is the pediatric dose of fentanyl? |
|
Definition
| Ped must be over 2, then 1 mcg/kg with max dose of 100 mcg |
|
|
Term
| What is the onset of fentanyl? |
|
Definition
-IV/IO/IN 1-3 min
-IM 10-20 min
-Peak effect at 30 min-1 hr |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of fentanyl? |
|
Definition
-Euphoria
-Dizziness
-Hallucinations
-Hypotension
-ALOC
-Seizure |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs of fentanyl toxicity? |
|
Definition
-Respiratory depression
-Muscle rigidity
-Apnea |
|
|
Term
| What are the interaction concerns of fentanyl admin? |
|
Definition
-CNS Depressants
-DO NOT mix in-line with Heprin |
|
|
Term
| What is the trade name of albuterol sulfate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What class of drug does albuterol belong to? |
|
Definition
| Beta2 Blocker, Sympathomimetic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acts selectively on Beta2 receptor sites in the lungs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Relaxes bronchiole smooth muscle
-Somewhat stimulates CNS/heart
-Increases diuresis and gastric acid secretion
-Reuptake of K+ inside the cell |
|
|
Term
| Indications for use of albuterol. |
|
Definition
-Bronchial asthma
-Bronchospasm
-Hyperkalemia (incl. crushing/compartment syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| What are the contraindications for albuterol use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the precautions of albuterol admin? |
|
Definition
-Geriatric Pts
-HTN
-Diabetes
-Always have an EKG in place to monitor the heart |
|
|
Term
| Albuterol forms available. |
|
Definition
| Solutions, mist, aerosol for inhalation |
|
|
Term
| How does albuterol come prepared? |
|
Definition
| MDIs, solutions for nebulizers |
|
|
Term
| How is albuterol admin'd? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dose of albuterol? |
|
Definition
Bronchospasm
-MDI: 1-2 inhalations, 1 min ea, rpt @ 15 min PRN
-Nebulizer: 2.5 mg w/ O2 @ 8 LPM, rpt PRN
Hyperkalemia
-ETT: 4 unit doses 10 mg directly down ETT followed by hyperventilation
-Nebulizer: 10 mg w/ O2 @ 8 LPM |
|
|
Term
| What is the ped dose of albuterol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the onset of albuterol? |
|
Definition
| 5-15 min after inhalation |
|
|
Term
| What is the duration of albuterol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side-effects of albuterol? |
|
Definition
-Palpitations/tachycardia
-Anxiety/nervousness
-Dizziness
-Tremors
-HA
-NV
-HTN
-Dysrhythmias
-Chest pain |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs of albuterol toxicity? |
|
Definition
-Seizures
-Nausea
-Chest pain
-Fast, irregular pounding heart
-Excessive tiredness
-Uncontrollable shaking |
|
|
Term
| What are the interaction concerns of albuterol? |
|
Definition
-Antagonistic effects on beta blockers
-Additive effects on sympathomimetics (MAOIs, TCAs, etc.) |
|
|
Term
| Ipratropium is used for... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Succinylcholine is used as a... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vecuronium is used as a... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ondansetron is used as an... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mag Sulfate is used as an... |
|
Definition
| Antidysrhythmic and anticonvulsant |
|
|
Term
| Furosemide is used as a... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Promethazine is used as an... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Morphine Sulfate is used as an... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nitrous oxide is used as an... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fentanyl is used as an... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Albuterol is used as a... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Trade names of Magnesium Sulfate. |
|
Definition
| Mag, Mag Sulfate, MgSO4, Mg++ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Ca++ Channel blocker
-Reduces ACh release at myoneural junctions
-Increases membrane stability and decreases ventricular excitability |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Increases RMP
-Increase absolute refractory period
-Decreases QT interval
-Relaxes smooth muscle during bronchospasm
-Reduces SA node impulse formation
-Reduces striated muscle contractions
-Decreases neuronal excitability |
|
|
Term
| Indications for Mag Sulfate admin |
|
Definition
-Hypomagnesia
-Refractory Torsades, VTach, VFib
-Ventricular ectopy
-Preeclampsia/eclampsia seizure prevention/Rx
-Status asthmaticus that doesn't respond to Beta-agonists/anticholinergics |
|
|
Term
| This is the Rx of choice for torsades. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Contraindications of Mag sulfate admin. |
|
Definition
-Heart block
-MI
-Hypermagnesemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Renal insufficiency
-Concurrent use w/ nifedepine in Rx of maternal HTN may harm the fetus |
|
|
Term
| Mag sulfate is available in what form? |
|
Definition
| Diluted in water for injection |
|
|
Term
| How does mag sulfate come prepared? |
|
Definition
| 4 g/100 mL, 20 g/500 mL, 40 g/1000 mL, 2 g/50 mL, and 4 g/50 mL NOTICE GRAMS MATT YOU TWIT!!! |
|
|
Term
| Routes of mag sulfate admin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dosage of mag sulfate for torsades, VTach, VFib, or bronchospasm? |
|
Definition
IV, 2 g diluted in 20 mL, administered over 5 min
-NOT FASTER THAN 1 g/min |
|
|
Term
| What is the dosage of mag sulfate for preeclampsia? |
|
Definition
IV, 4 g diluted in 100 mL, administered over 20 min
-NOT FASTER THAN 1 g/min |
|
|
Term
| What is the maintenance infusion dose of mag sulfate for preeclampsia? |
|
Definition
| 10 g/250 mL NS run at 50 mL/hr |
|
|
Term
| What is the mag sulfate dose for eclamptic seizures? |
|
Definition
IV, 4 g diluted in 100 mL, administered over 5 min, rpt as needed.
-DO NOT GIVE FASTER THAN 1 g/min |
|
|
Term
| What is the pediatric dosage of mag sulfate for Torsades, Vtach, Vfib, and bronchospasm? |
|
Definition
IV, 25-50 mg/kg in 100 mL, administered over 2-5 min with max dose of 2 g
-DO NOT GIVE FASTER THAN 1 g/min |
|
|
Term
| What is the onset of mag sulfate? |
|
Definition
-IV, immediate
-IM, 3-4 min |
|
|
Term
| What is the duration of mag sulfate? |
|
Definition
-IV, 30-60 min
-IM, 3-4 hr |
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of mag sulfate (9)? |
|
Definition
-Flushing/sweating
-Itching/rash
-Hypothermia
-Drowsiness
-Respiratory depression
-Bradycardia/AV block
-Absence of knee jerk
-Flaccid paralysis
-HypoTN, diaphoresis |
|
|
Term
| Signs of mag sulfate toxicity. |
|
Definition
-Respiratory failure
-Cardiac arrest
-Circulatory collapse
-Complete heart block |
|
|
Term
| Drug interactions of mag sulfate. |
|
Definition
-Incompatible with alcohol, salicylates, and sodium bicarb
-Additive effects w/ CNS depressants |
|
|
Term
| This is an analagesic, commonly known as morphine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This is an analgesic, commonly known as nitronox. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This is an analgesic, commonly known as sublimaze. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This is used for Rx of bronchospasm and hyperkalemia, commonly known as Ventolin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Used to Rx bronchospasm, this drug is commonly known as Atrovent or Combivent. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This anesthetic is commonly known as Amidate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This paralytic is commonly knownn as Anectine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This paralytic is commonly known as Non-curon. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This anitconvulsant/antidysrhythmic is commonly known as Mg++, MgSO4, or Mag. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This diuretic is commonly known as Lasix. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This antiemetic is commonly known as Phenergan. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2-4 mg slow IV push over 1-5 min every 5-30 min (titrate to effect) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2-4 mg IV, may rpt 2-8 mg at 5-15 min intervals |
|
|
Term
| Morphine dose for Non-STEMI. |
|
Definition
| 1-5 mg IV (only if not relieved by nitrates or symptoms come back) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV, MTD 15 mg |
|
|
Term
| Nitrous oxide dose for pain. |
|
Definition
| Self administered until the Pt drops the mask or pain is relieved. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1 mcg/kg with MSD of 100 mcg |
|
|
Term
| Albuterol bronchospasm MDI dose. |
|
Definition
| 1-2 inhalations over 1 min, rpt 15 min PRN. |
|
|
Term
| Albuterol bronchospasm nebulizer dose. |
|
Definition
| 2.5 mg via neb w/ O2 at 8 lpm |
|
|
Term
| Albuterol hyperkalemia ETT dose. |
|
Definition
| 4 unit doses of 10 mg followed by hyperventilation. |
|
|
Term
| Albuterol hyperkalemia nebulizer dose. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ipratropium nebulizer dose. |
|
Definition
| 0.5 mg w/ O2 at 8 lpm (DO NOT RPT) |
|
|
Term
| Etomidate cardioversion dose. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Etomidate intubation dose. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Succinylcholine adult dose. |
|
Definition
| 1-2 mg/kg rapid push, rpt 1x if needed |
|
|
Term
| Succinycholine pediatric dose. |
|
Definition
| Same as adults, but infants get 2 mg/kg. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ondansetron adult IV/IO/IM dosing. |
|
Definition
| 4 mg slow push, may rpt 1x at 15 min |
|
|
Term
| Ondansetron oral med dosing. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ondansetron pediatric dosing. |
|
Definition
| IV/IO/IM, 0.1 mg/kg with MD of 4 mg (contact med control to repeat) |
|
|
Term
| Magnesium sulfate Vtach, Vfib, Torsades and bronchospasm dosing. |
|
Definition
Bronchospasm: IV, 2 g diluted in 20 mL, delivered over 2 min
Â
Refractory vent. rhythms: IV, 2 g diluted in 20 mL, delivered over 5 min |
|
|
Term
| Magnesium sulfate preeclampsia dose. |
|
Definition
| IV, 4 g diluted in 100 mL, delivered over 20 min |
|
|
Term
| Magnesium sulfate preeclampsia maintenance dose. |
|
Definition
| IV, 10 g diluted in 250 mL NS, ran at 50 mL/hr drip rate. |
|
|
Term
| Mag sulfate eclamptic seizure dosing. |
|
Definition
| IV, 4 g diluted in 100 mL over 5 min (< 1 g/min) |
|
|
Term
| Pediatric dose of mag sulfate. |
|
Definition
| IV, 25-50 mg/kg in 100 mL over 2-5 min, MD of 2 g |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
IV, 12.5 mg slow push
IM, 25 mg |
|
|
Term
| Promethazine pediatric dose. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 10-40 units in 250-1000 mL over 15 min |
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred delivery method of oxytocin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Trade name for this drug is Valium. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Commonly called Valium, you would use this drug as an anticonvulsant, sedative, anxiolytic or amnesic. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diazepam adult seizure dose. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diazepam adult anxiety dose. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 0.05-0.3 mg/kg MD of 10 mg (if Pt < 5 yr, MD is 5 mg) |
|
|
Term
| Adult dosage of dextrose. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pediatric dosage of dextrose. |
|
Definition
| 0.5 g/kg (if Pt weighs more than 15 kg, use D25 or 50, if weighs less, use D10 or 25) |
|
|
Term
| Neonate dosage of dextrose. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adult dose of glucagon in Rx of diabetic emergency. |
|
Definition
| 0.5-1 mg, can rpt 1x at 15 min |
|
|
Term
| Adult dose of glucagon in Rx of non-diabetic emergency. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pediatric dose of glucagon. |
|
Definition
| 0.5 mg, but not recommended |
|
|
Term
| Adult dose of Haldol for psychosis. |
|
Definition
| 5-10 mg, can rpt every 30-60 min |
|
|
Term
| Adult dose of Haldol for nausea. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Trade name Versed, this drug can be used as an anxiolytic, sedative, anticonvulsant or amnesic. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 0.1 mg/kg with MSD of 5 mg, and MTD of 10 mg. Can rpt after 5-10 min |
|
|
Term
| Pediatric dose of midazolam. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Commonly known as Ativan, this drug can be used as an anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, or a sedative. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adult dosage of Lorazepam. |
|
Definition
| 1-2 mg, MSD of 2 mg, and MTD of 4 mg |
|
|
Term
| Pediatric dosage of lorazepam (the preferred drug for pediatric seizure Rx). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sulfonamide Type Loop Diuretic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride
-Increases excretion of K+, H+, Ca++, magnesium, bicarb, ammonium and phosphate
-Decreases peripheral vascular resistance and preload |
|
|
Term
| T or F, Furosemide is considered a 2nd line drug. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lasix (furosemide) indications. |
|
Definition
-Pulmonary edema
-CHF
-HTN crisis |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications of furosemide use. |
|
Definition
-Hypovolemia
-Dehydration
-Hypokalemia
-Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides |
|
|
Term
| Precautions of Lasix use. |
|
Definition
-Diabetes
-Renal disease
-Hepatic disease
-Anuria
-May cause electrolyte imbalances |
|
|
Term
| Furosemide forms available. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does furosemide come prepared? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the routes of furosemide admin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the adult dose of Lasix/furosemide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the pediatric dose of furosemide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Side effects of furosemide. |
|
Definition
-Hearing loss
-Tinnitis
-Hypovolemia
-Hypotension
-Hypokalemia
-Hyperglycemia
-Electrolyte imbalances
-Hyperuricemia
-Weakness
-Dizziness
-Pulmonary HTN |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Incompatible with any drug in syringe
-Additive effects on antihypertensives, nitrates, and other diuretics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Drug class of Phenergan/promethazine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MOA of promethazine/phenergan. |
|
Definition
-Blocks histamine release by Vagus nerve
-Blocks serotonin release in the chemoreceptor trigger zone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Antiemetic
-Antihistamine |
|
|
Term
| Indications for Phenergan use. |
|
Definition
-Prolonged nausea/vomiting
-Vertigo |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for promethazine admin. |
|
Definition
-Intoxication
-Other CNS Depressants
-Less than full mental status |
|
|
Term
| Precautions for promethazine use. |
|
Definition
-Pts w/ Hx of bladder or prostate problems
-Seizure disorders
-Peptic ulcers
-Intestinal obstruction
-Rapid push may cause tissue necrosis |
|
|
Term
| Promethazine forms available. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Routes of promethazine admin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adult dosage promethazine, IV. |
|
Definition
| 12.5 mg slow push (w/ flush wide open) |
|
|
Term
| Adult dosage promethazine, IM. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pediatric dose of promethazine. |
|
Definition
| 0.25-0.5 mg/kg slow IV push or deep IM |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Side effects of promethazine use. |
|
Definition
-Dizziness
-Seizure
-Stiff muscles
-Hypotension
-Drowsiness
-Loss of bladder control |
|
|
Term
| Signs of promethazine toxicity. |
|
Definition
-EPR
-Profound hypoTN
-Unconsciousness
-Sudden death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Oxytocin/Pitocin belongs to what drug class? |
|
Definition
| Uterine stimulant hormone |
|
|
Term
| Site of action, Oxytocin. |
|
Definition
| Uterine and mammary smooth muscle myofibrils. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Stimulates uterine contraction
-Enhances lactation |
|
|
Term
| Indications for oxytocin. |
|
Definition
-Control post-partum bleeding
-Induction/stimulation of labor |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for oxytocin. |
|
Definition
-Prior to delivery of placenta or all of the fetus
-Cephalopelvic disproportion
-Fetal distress w/o imminent delivery
-Hyperactive or hypnotic uterus |
|
|
Term
| How does oxytocin come prepared? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Routes for oxytocin admin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-For post-partum bleeding, 10 unit IM preferred
-IV, 10-40 units in 250-1000 mL over 15 min |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Side effects of oxytocin. |
|
Definition
-Tachycardia
-HA
-PVC
-HypoTN
-Chest pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Water intox leading to seizure, coma or death. |
|
|
