Term
| What receptors does Benadryl block? |
|
Definition
| *Competitively blocks H-1 receptors |
|
|
Term
| What does Benadryl suppress? |
|
Definition
*Allergic symptoms
*N/V
*Cough
*EPS |
|
|
Term
| What are some effects of Benadryl? |
|
Definition
*Anti-emetic
*Sedation (keeps ventilatory drive intact)
*Hyponotic |
|
|
Term
| What drugs does Benadryl potentiate? |
|
Definition
*Barbiturates
*Benzos
*Opioids |
|
|
Term
| What receptor does Cimetidine block? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does H-2 antagonists do? |
|
Definition
*Prevents stress ulcers
*H pylori
*More interested in side effects |
|
|
Term
| H-2 antagonist Cimetidine is an enzyme inhibitor. This results in: |
|
Definition
*Reduced hepatic blood flow
*Reduced CYP450
*Helpful with high tolerance patients |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What other neurotransmitters besides dopamine does Droperidol antagonize? |
|
Definition
*Serotonin
*Norepinephrine
*GABA |
|
|
Term
| What drug is droperidol structurally related to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| *What %age of droperidol is protein bound? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the alpha distribution (onset) of Droperidol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the duration of action of Droperidol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can use of Droperidol effect hemodynamics? |
|
Definition
| *Mild a-adrenergic effect therefore decreased ABP by peripheral vasodilatoin |
|
|
Term
| What drug was fentanyl+droperidol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of Innovar? |
|
Definition
*Analgesia, immobility, Amnesia
*Neuroleptic analgesia
*Dissociative state similar to ketamine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| *Alpha 2 adrenergic agonist |
|
|
Term
| Does clonidine pass through the BBB? |
|
Definition
| *Yest, it is highly lipid doluble |
|
|
Term
| What advantageous effects does clonidine have? |
|
Definition
*Decreases sympathetic outflow
*Analgesia effects in spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| What is the onset and DOA of clonidine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can result if a dose of clonidine is missed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can clonidine withdrawal cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*Stimulates alpha 2 receptors in the brain, leads to decreased CO2, PVR, and BP
*Presynaptic A2 this binding decreases presynaptic calcium levels, & inhibits th release of NE. |
|
|
Term
| What is a new use for Clonidine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What classification is Dexmedetomidine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In comparison to Clonidine, Dexmedetomidine is ...... |
|
Definition
| *More selective than Clonidine |
|
|
Term
| High doses of Dexmedetomidine cause ....... |
|
Definition
| *Alpha One agonist stimulation |
|
|
Term
| What effect does Demedetomidine have on opioids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some side effects of Dexmedetomidine? |
|
Definition
| *Bradycardia and hypotension |
|
|
Term
| What is the loading dose for Dexmedetomidine? |
|
Definition
| *1mcg/kg IV over 10 minutes |
|
|
Term
| What is the maintenance dose for Dexmedetomidine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the half life of Demedetomidine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*Phenycyclidine
*Hallucinogenic
*Stereospecific Receptors |
|
|
Term
| How does Ketamine create a dissociative anesthesia? |
|
Definition
*Dissociates the thalamus from the limbic
*State of excitement and depression |
|
|
Term
| What receptors does Ketamine work at? |
|
Definition
*N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)
*Opioid receptors |
|
|
Term
| How is Ketamine absorbed? |
|
Definition
*Skipped IV
*IM peak 10-15 minutes |
|
|
Term
| What is the distribution of Ketamine? |
|
Definition
*> lipid soluble than Thiopental, < protein
*Distribution half life 10-15 minutes
*Redistribution |
|
|
Term
| How is Ketamine metabolized? |
|
Definition
*By the liver resulting in several metabolites (Norketamine)
*Enzyme inducting, tolerant |
|
|
Term
| How is Ketamine excreted? |
|
Definition
| *Excreted in urine after metabolism |
|
|
Term
| What hemodynamic effects does Ketamine have? |
|
Definition
*Increased arterial blood pressure
*Increased HR
*Increased CO |
|
|
Term
| How does ketamine cause its hemodynamic effects? |
|
Definition
*Indirect central stimulation of sympathetics
*Blocks reuptake of norepinephrine |
|
|
Term
| How does Ketamine effect the heart and lungs? |
|
Definition
*Increased Pulmonary arterial pressure
*Increased myocardial work load |
|
|
Term
| In what patients should ketamine be avoided in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Large doses of Ketamine are........ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ketamine is beneficial in ________ shock. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ketamine is excellent for asthma due to..... |
|
Definition
*Potent bronchodilator
*Upper airway reflexes intact |
|
|
Term
| What side effect of Ketamine r/t airway should the anesthetist be aware of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does ketamine affect the brain? |
|
Definition
*Increased CBF
*Increased CMRO2
*Increased ICP |
|
|
Term
| What type of brain lesions should Ketamine not be used in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of neurological side effects can Ketamine cause? |
|
Definition
*Myoclonic d/t subcortical electrical activity
*Psychotomimetic side effects |
|
|
Term
| What property does Ketamine have that other anesthetic agents lack? |
|
Definition
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